{"id":511,"date":"2026-09-04T10:04:19","date_gmt":"2026-09-04T10:04:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/scales\/echelle-auto-evaluation-tdah-adulte-asrs-v1-1\/"},"modified":"2026-09-04T10:04:19","modified_gmt":"2026-09-04T10:04:19","slug":"echelle-auto-evaluation-tdah-adulte-asrs-v1-1","status":"publish","type":"psych_scale","link":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/?psych_scale=echelle-auto-evaluation-tdah-adulte-asrs-v1-1","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9chelle d&rsquo;auto-\u00e9valuation du TDAH chez l&rsquo;adulte (ASRS-v1.1)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>1. R\u00e9sum\u00e9 \/ Abstract<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;<strong>\u00c9chelle d&rsquo;auto-\u00e9valuation du TDAH chez l&rsquo;adulte<\/strong> (<em>Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale<\/em>, version 1.1 ou <strong>ASRS-v1.1<\/strong>) est un instrument psychom\u00e9trique d&rsquo;auto-\u00e9valuation d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 en collaboration avec l&rsquo;Organisation Mondiale de la Sant\u00e9 (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\">OMS<\/a>) et le groupe de travail sur le Trouble du D\u00e9ficit de l&rsquo;Attention avec ou sans Hyperactivit\u00e9 (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trouble_du_d%C3%A9ficit_de_l%27attention_avec_ou_sans_hyperactivit%C3%A9\">TDAH<\/a>) chez l&rsquo;adulte (Kessler et al., 2005). Cet outil a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9labor\u00e9 pour op\u00e9rationnaliser les 18 crit\u00e8res symptomatiques d\u00e9finis par le Manuel diagnostique et statistique des troubles mentaux, quatri\u00e8me \u00e9dition (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.psychiatry.org\/psychiatrists\/practice\/dsm\">DSM-IV<\/a>), tout en les adaptant sp\u00e9cifiquement aux manifestations cliniques, professionnelles et relationnelles de l&rsquo;\u00e2ge adulte.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;instrument complet comprend <strong>18 items<\/strong> mesur\u00e9s \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide d&rsquo;une \u00e9chelle de fr\u00e9quence de type Likert en 5 points (0 = Jamais \/ <em>Never<\/em> \u00e0 4 = Tr\u00e8s souvent \/ <em>Very often<\/em>). L&rsquo;\u00e9chelle se divise en deux sous-\u00e9chelles dimensionnelles : l&rsquo;<strong>Inattention<\/strong> (9 items : 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11) et l&rsquo;<strong>Hyperactivit\u00e9\/Impulsivit\u00e9<\/strong> (9 items : 5, 6, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18). L&rsquo;outil propose \u00e9galement une structure de d\u00e9pistage hautement valid\u00e9e : la <strong>Partie A<\/strong> (items 1 \u00e0 6), qui constitue un test de d\u00e9pistage abr\u00e9g\u00e9 (<em>6-item screener<\/em>) particuli\u00e8rement sensible et sp\u00e9cifique pour rep\u00e9rer les individus pr\u00e9sentant une forte probabilit\u00e9 de TDAH \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e2ge adulte, tandis que la <strong>Partie B<\/strong> (items 7 \u00e0 18) permet d&rsquo;approfondir la s\u00e9v\u00e9rit\u00e9 et la vari\u00e9t\u00e9 des sympt\u00f4mes.<\/p>\n<p>Sur le plan psychom\u00e9trique, l&rsquo;ASRS-v1.1 pr\u00e9sente une excellente coh\u00e9rence interne (coefficients alpha de Cronbach g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement situ\u00e9s entre 0,88 et 0,94 pour l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle globale), une fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 test-retest robuste (coefficients de corr\u00e9lation intraclasse sup\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 0,80) et une forte concordance avec les entretiens cliniques semi-structur\u00e9s de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, confirmant son statut d&rsquo;instrument standard en \u00e9pid\u00e9miologie psychiatrique et en pratique clinique ambulatoire.<\/p>\n<h2>2. Mots-cl\u00e9s \/ Keywords<\/h2>\n<p>TDAH adulte, ASRS-v1.1, d\u00e9pistage psychom\u00e9trique, inattention, hyperactivit\u00e9, impulsivit\u00e9, DSM-IV, Organisation Mondiale de la Sant\u00e9, fonctions ex\u00e9cutives, validit\u00e9 diagnostique, auto-\u00e9valuation psychiatrique, fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 psychom\u00e9trique.<\/p>\n<h2>3. Auteurs \/ Authors<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;\u00e9chelle ASRS-v1.1 a \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7ue par une \u00e9quipe internationale de chercheurs en psychiatrie et en \u00e9pid\u00e9miologie, en collaboration \u00e9troite avec le <em>World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview Advisory Committee<\/em> :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ronald C. Kessler, Ph.D.<\/strong> \u2014 D\u00e9partement des politiques de sant\u00e9 (<em>Department of Health Care Policy<\/em>), <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/hcp.hms.harvard.edu\/\">Harvard Medical School<\/a>, Boston, Massachusetts, \u00c9tats-Unis. (Email : kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lenard A. Adler, M.D.<\/strong> \u2014 D\u00e9partement de psychiatrie et de neurologie infantile, <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/nyulangone.org\/\">New York University School of Medicine<\/a>, New York, NY, \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mary Ames, M.S.<\/strong> \u2014 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Olga Demler, M.S.<\/strong> \u2014 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Stephen V. Faraone, Ph.D.<\/strong> \u2014 D\u00e9partements de psychiatrie et des sciences du comportement, <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.upstate.edu\/\">SUNY Upstate Medical University<\/a>, Syracuse, NY, \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Eva Hiripi, M.S.<\/strong> \u2014 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mina J. Hwang, B.A.<\/strong> \u2014 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thomas Jin, B.A.<\/strong> \u2014 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kathleen R. Merikangas, Ph.D.<\/strong> \u2014 National Institute of Mental Health (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/\">NIMH<\/a>), Bethesda, MD, \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Shelli Nock, B.A.<\/strong> \u2014 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mariano Normando, M.D.<\/strong> \u2014 Organisation Mondiale de la Sant\u00e9, Gen\u00e8ve, Suisse.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Keith Rost, M.S.<\/strong> \u2014 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Russell A. Barkley, Ph.D.<\/strong> (Conseiller clinique et scientifique) \u2014 Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Joseph Biederman, M.D.<\/strong> (Conseiller clinique et scientifique) \u2014 Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4. Objectif \/ Purpose<\/h2>\n<p>Le principal objectif de l&rsquo;<strong>ASRS-v1.1<\/strong> est de fournir un instrument standardis\u00e9, valide et rapide pour identifier les adultes \u00e0 risque de pr\u00e9senter un trouble du d\u00e9ficit de l&rsquo;attention avec ou sans hyperactivit\u00e9 (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.inserm.fr\/information-en-sante\/dossiers-information\/trouble-deficit-attention-avec-ou-sans-hyperactivite-tdah\">INSERM &#8211; TDAH<\/a>). Historiquement per\u00e7u comme un trouble exclusivement p\u00e9diatrique, le TDAH persiste \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e2ge adulte dans environ 50 \u00e0 65 % des cas, entra\u00eenant des d\u00e9ficits fonctionnels majeurs dans la sph\u00e8re professionnelle, acad\u00e9mique, financi\u00e8re et interpersonnelle (Barkley, 1997 ; Biederman et al., 2004).<\/p>\n<h3>Applications cliniques<\/h3>\n<p>En contexte clinique, l&rsquo;ASRS-v1.1 sert d&rsquo;outil de d\u00e9pistage de premi\u00e8re ligne en m\u00e9decine g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, en psychiatrie adulte et en neuropsychologie. Les adultes atteints de TDAH consultent fr\u00e9quemment pour des troubles comorbides tels que la d\u00e9pression majeure, les troubles anxieux ou les conduites addictives, masquant le trouble neurod\u00e9veloppemental sous-jacent. L&rsquo;ASRS-v1.1 permet aux cliniciens :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>De quantifier rapidement la pr\u00e9sence et la fr\u00e9quence des manifestations symptomatiques au cours des six derniers mois ;<\/li>\n<li>D&rsquo;orienter les patients vers une \u00e9valuation diagnostique approfondie (entretiens structur\u00e9s, bilans neuropsychologiques) lorsque le seuil de d\u00e9pistage de la Partie A est franchi ;<\/li>\n<li>De suivre longitudinalement l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 des interventions th\u00e9rapeutiques (traitements pharmacologiques psychostimulants, th\u00e9rapies cognitivo-comportementales).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Applications en recherche \u00e9pid\u00e9miologique<\/h3>\n<p>Dans le domaine de la recherche, l&rsquo;ASRS-v1.1 a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 dans le cadre des enqu\u00eates de sant\u00e9 mentale mondiale de l&rsquo;OMS (<em>WHO World Mental Health Surveys<\/em>). L&rsquo;objectif \u00e9tait d&rsquo;obtenir une mesure dimensionnelle rigoureuse permettant d&rsquo;estimer la pr\u00e9valence du TDAH dans des populations repr\u00e9sentatives \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle internationale, tout en contr\u00f4lant les biais de r\u00e9ponse et en garantissant une comparabilit\u00e9 interculturelle optimale (Kessler et al., 2005, 2007).<\/p>\n<h2>5. Construit psychologique \/ Construct<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;ASRS-v1.1 op\u00e9rationnalise le construit multidimensionnel du TDAH chez l&rsquo;adulte selon le mod\u00e8le bifactoriel classique issu des nosographies psychiatriques (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.psychiatry.org\/\">American Psychiatric Association<\/a>) : le d\u00e9ficit attentionnel d&rsquo;une part, et l&rsquo;hyperactivit\u00e9\/impulsivit\u00e9 d&rsquo;autre part. \u00c0 l&rsquo;\u00e2ge adulte, l&rsquo;expression de ces sympt\u00f4mes se modifie consid\u00e9rablement par rapport \u00e0 l&rsquo;enfance, migrant d&rsquo;une hypermotricit\u00e9 manifeste vers une agitation interne et des dysfonctionnements ex\u00e9cutifs marqu\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Dimension Inattention (D\u00e9ficit de l&rsquo;attention et des fonctions ex\u00e9cutives)<\/h3>\n<p>Cette sous-\u00e9chelle \u00e9value l&rsquo;incapacit\u00e9 \u00e0 maintenir une attention soutenue, les difficult\u00e9s d&rsquo;organisation, la procrastination et les d\u00e9faillances de la m\u00e9moire de travail au quotidien. Chez l&rsquo;adulte, ces manifestations se traduisent par :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Difficult\u00e9s de finalisation des t\u00e2ches (Item 1) :<\/strong> Incapacit\u00e9 \u00e0 boucler les derniers d\u00e9tails d&rsquo;un projet une fois les parties stimulantes achev\u00e9es, li\u00e9e \u00e0 une baisse rapide de motivation intrins\u00e8que face aux t\u00e2ches routini\u00e8res ;<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u00e9sorganisation structurelle (Item 2) :<\/strong> Probl\u00e8mes majeurs pour hi\u00e9rarchiser les priorit\u00e9s, planifier les \u00e9tapes s\u00e9quentielles d&rsquo;un travail et structurer son environnement physique ou num\u00e9rique ;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Oublis prospectifs (Item 3) :<\/strong> D\u00e9faillances de la m\u00e9moire prospective concernant les rendez-vous, les \u00e9ch\u00e9ances professionnelles et les obligations quotidiennes ;<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c9vitement de l&rsquo;effort cognitif soutenu (Item 4) :<\/strong> Tendance prononc\u00e9e \u00e0 la procrastination face \u00e0 des t\u00e2ches exigeant une concentration prolong\u00e9e ;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Inattention aux d\u00e9tails et distractibilit\u00e9 (Items 7, 8, 9, 10, 11) :<\/strong> Erreurs d&rsquo;inattention, difficult\u00e9s d&rsquo;\u00e9coute active en conversation, \u00e9garement fr\u00e9quent d&rsquo;objets usuels et vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 accrue aux stimuli environnementaux parasites (bruit, mouvements).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2. Dimension Hyperactivit\u00e9 \/ Impulsivit\u00e9<\/h3>\n<p>Cette dimension capture l&rsquo;agitation motrice int\u00e9rioris\u00e9e, le sentiment d&rsquo;urgence motrice, la r\u00e9gulation verbale d\u00e9faillante et l&rsquo;impatience comportementale :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Agitation motrice r\u00e9siduelle (Items 5, 12, 13) :<\/strong> Mouvements r\u00e9p\u00e9titifs des mains ou des pieds en position assise, difficult\u00e9 \u00e0 rester assis lors de r\u00e9unions professionnelles prolong\u00e9es, sensation subjective de tension interne ou de nervosit\u00e9 ;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Moteur interne et incapacit\u00e9 au repos (Items 6, 14) :<\/strong> Impression persistante d&rsquo;\u00eatre \u00ab pouss\u00e9 par un moteur \u00bb, difficult\u00e9 marqu\u00e9e \u00e0 se d\u00e9tendre ou \u00e0 profiter des temps de repos sans ressentir le besoin d&rsquo;agir ;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Impulsivit\u00e9 verbale et conversationnelle (Items 15, 16) :<\/strong> Logorrh\u00e9e dans les contextes sociaux, tendance involontaire \u00e0 terminer les phrases des interlocuteurs avant qu&rsquo;ils n&rsquo;aient achev\u00e9 leur propos ;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Impulsivit\u00e9 comportementale et intol\u00e9rance au d\u00e9lai (Items 17, 18) :<\/strong> Difficult\u00e9 \u00e0 attendre son tour dans les situations d&rsquo;attente (files d&rsquo;attente, circulation) et propension \u00e0 interrompre les autres lorsqu&rsquo;ils sont occup\u00e9s.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>6. Cadre th\u00e9orique \/ Theoretical Framework<\/h2>\n<p>Le cadre conceptuel de l&rsquo;ASRS-v1.1 repose sur les th\u00e9ories neuropsychologiques contemporaines du TDAH, en particulier le <strong>mod\u00e8le unifi\u00e9 des fonctions ex\u00e9cutives<\/strong> d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par Russell A. Barkley (1997) et le <strong>mod\u00e8le d&rsquo;inhibition comportementale et de r\u00e9gulation attentionnelle<\/strong> de Thomas E. Brown (2005).<\/p>\n<h3>Le mod\u00e8le d&rsquo;inhibition comportementale de Barkley<\/h3>\n<p>Selon <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.russellbarkley.org\/\">Barkley (1997)<\/a>, le d\u00e9ficit primaire du TDAH ne r\u00e9side pas dans une simple incapacit\u00e9 attentionnelle, mais dans une alt\u00e9ration fondamentale de l&rsquo;<em>inhibition comportementale<\/em>. Ce d\u00e9ficit inhibiteur compromet le bon fonctionnement de quatre capacit\u00e9s ex\u00e9cutives interd\u00e9pendantes :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>La m\u00e9moire de travail non verbale (maintien des repr\u00e9sentations mentales, sens du temps) ;<\/li>\n<li>L&rsquo;int\u00e9riorisation du discours (langage interne r\u00e9gulateur et auto-guidage) ;<\/li>\n<li>L&rsquo;autor\u00e9gulation de l&rsquo;affect, de la motivation et de l&rsquo;\u00e9veil (maintien de l&rsquo;effort dirig\u00e9 vers un but) ;<\/li>\n<li>La reconstitution (analyse et synth\u00e8se comportementale, r\u00e9solution flexible de probl\u00e8mes).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>L&rsquo;ASRS-v1.1 traduit directement ces concepts th\u00e9oriques en comportements concrets de la vie adulte : l&rsquo;incapacit\u00e9 \u00e0 inhiber les r\u00e9ponses motrices (items 5, 12, 18) d\u00e9coule directement de l&rsquo;\u00e9chec de l&rsquo;inhibition motrice, tandis que la d\u00e9sorganisation et l&rsquo;oubli des engagements (items 2, 3) refl\u00e8tent la d\u00e9faillance de la m\u00e9moire de travail et de l&rsquo;orientation temporelle.<\/p>\n<h3>Le mod\u00e8le des fonctions ex\u00e9cutives de Brown<\/h3>\n<p>Thomas E. Brown (2005) conceptualise le TDAH comme un syndrome de dysfonctionnement ex\u00e9cutif touchant six grappes cliniques : l&rsquo;activation (organisation et d\u00e9marrage des t\u00e2ches), le focus (maintien et r\u00e9orientation de l&rsquo;attention), l&rsquo;effort (r\u00e9gulation de la vigilance et de la vitesse de traitement), l&rsquo;\u00e9motion (modulation des frustrations), la m\u00e9moire (acc\u00e8s aux souvenirs et m\u00e9moire de travail) et l&rsquo;action (surveillance et autor\u00e9gulation comportementale). L&rsquo;ASRS-v1.1 s&rsquo;aligne \u00e9troitement avec ce paradigme en int\u00e9grant des items sensibles au d\u00e9marrage des t\u00e2ches complexes (Item 4) et \u00e0 la gestion des distracteurs externes (Item 11).<\/p>\n<h2>7. Validit\u00e9 \/ Validity<\/h2>\n<p>Les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de validit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;ASRS-v1.1 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 rigoureusement \u00e9tablies \u00e0 travers de vastes \u00e9tudes cliniques et \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques men\u00e9es dans plusieurs pays (Kessler et al., 2005 ; Adler et al., 2006 ; Daig et al., 2011).<\/p>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 de crit\u00e8re et pr\u00e9cision diagnostique<\/h3>\n<p>Lors de l&rsquo;\u00e9tude de validation princeps (Kessler et al., 2005), les r\u00e9ponses \u00e0 l&rsquo;ASRS-v1.1 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 compar\u00e9es aux diagnostics cliniques \u00e9tablis par des entretiens semi-structur\u00e9s approfondis administr\u00e9s par des cliniciens experts (notamment le <em>Composite International Diagnostic Interview<\/em> [CIDI] et la <em>Conners&rsquo; Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV<\/em> [CAADID]).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Partie A (D\u00e9pistage \u00e0 6 items) :<\/strong> L&rsquo;analyse de la courbe ROC (<em>Receiver Operating Characteristic<\/em>) a d\u00e9montr\u00e9 une aire sous la courbe (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Courbe_ROC\">AUC<\/a>) remarquable de <strong>0,90 \u00e0 0,94<\/strong>. Avec un seuil de positivit\u00e9 fix\u00e9 \u00e0 4 r\u00e9ponses ou plus situ\u00e9es dans la zone ombr\u00e9e (seuil optimal), la Partie A affiche une <strong>sensibilit\u00e9 de 68,7 % \u00e0 91,4 %<\/strong> et une <strong>sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9 de 99,5 % \u00e0 99,6 %<\/strong>, avec une valeur pr\u00e9dictive positive (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sensibilit%C3%A9_et_sp%C3%A9cificit%C3%A9\">VPP<\/a>) sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 80 % en population clinique.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Version compl\u00e8te \u00e0 18 items :<\/strong> L&rsquo;\u00e9chelle totale montre une concordance diagnostique globale tr\u00e8s \u00e9lev\u00e9e (kappa de Cohen &kappa; = 0,76 \u00e0 0,84), validant sa capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 stratifier la s\u00e9v\u00e9rit\u00e9 du trouble.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 convergente et discriminante<\/h3>\n<p>L&rsquo;ASRS-v1.1 d\u00e9montre une validit\u00e9 convergente significative avec d&rsquo;autres \u00e9chelles r\u00e9put\u00e9es \u00e9valuant le TDAH adulte, telles que la <em>Wender Utah Rating Scale<\/em> (WURS) (r = 0,65 \u00e0 0,78) et la <em>Barkley Adult ADHD Rating Scale<\/em> (BAARS-IV) (r = 0,81 \u00e0 0,89). Parall\u00e8lement, sa validit\u00e9 discriminante est \u00e9tay\u00e9e par des corr\u00e9lations mod\u00e9r\u00e9es \u00e0 faibles avec les \u00e9chelles de d\u00e9pression (ex. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C3%89chelle_d%27anxi%C3%A9t%C3%A9_de_Hamilton\">HAM-D<\/a>, r = 0,32) et d&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9rale (STAI, r = 0,38), confirmant que l&rsquo;outil isole sp\u00e9cifiquement les sympt\u00f4mes attentionnels et ex\u00e9cutifs sans se confondre avec la d\u00e9tresse psychologique g\u00e9n\u00e9rale.<\/p>\n<h2>8. Fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 \/ Reliability<\/h2>\n<p>Les \u00e9tudes psychom\u00e9triques attestent de la haute pr\u00e9cision de mesure et de la stabilit\u00e9 temporelle de l&rsquo;ASRS-v1.1 dans diverses cohortes de patients et de volontaires sains :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Coh\u00e9rence interne (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alpha_de_Cronbach\">Alpha de Cronbach<\/a>) :<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00c9chelle totale (18 items) : &alpha; = 0,88 \u00e0 0,94 ;<\/li>\n<li>Sous-\u00e9chelle Inattention (9 items) : &alpha; = 0,83 \u00e0 0,89 ;<\/li>\n<li>Sous-\u00e9chelle Hyperactivit\u00e9\/Impulsivit\u00e9 (9 items) : &alpha; = 0,77 \u00e0 0,86 ;<\/li>\n<li>Screener Partie A (6 items) : &alpha; = 0,74 \u00e0 0,82.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 test-retest :<\/strong> Les coefficients de corr\u00e9lation intraclasse (CCI) mesur\u00e9s sur des intervalles allant de 2 \u00e0 4 semaines oscillent entre <strong>r = 0,80 et r = 0,91<\/strong> chez des sujets adultes stables non trait\u00e9s, indiquant une excellente reproductibilit\u00e9 temporelle des scores.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Consistance inter-juges :<\/strong> Dans les versions administr\u00e9es par un observateur ou un proche (h\u00e9t\u00e9ro-\u00e9valuation), la concordance avec l&rsquo;auto-\u00e9valuation du patient atteint des corr\u00e9lations de Pearson allant de r = 0,62 \u00e0 r = 0,75.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>9. Analyse factorielle \/ Factor Analysis<\/h2>\n<p>Les analyses factorielles exploratoires (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Analyse_factorielle\">AFE<\/a>) et confirmatoires (AFC) conduites sur de vastes \u00e9chantillons internationaux corroborent la structure th\u00e9orique bi-factorielle correspondant aux crit\u00e8res nosographiques du DSM :<\/p>\n<h3>Structure factorielle confirmatoire<\/h3>\n<p>Une analyse factorielle confirmatoire (Kessler et al., 2005 ; Daig et al., 2011) a valid\u00e9 l&rsquo;ad\u00e9quation d&rsquo;un mod\u00e8le \u00e0 deux facteurs corr\u00e9l\u00e9s (Inattention et Hyperactivit\u00e9\/Impulsivit\u00e9) avec d&rsquo;excellents indices d&rsquo;ajustement :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>CFI (Comparative Fit Index) :<\/strong> 0,94 \u00e0 0,97 ;<\/li>\n<li><strong>TLI (Tucker-Lewis Index) :<\/strong> 0,93 \u00e0 0,96 ;<\/li>\n<li><strong>RMSEA (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation) :<\/strong> 0,045 \u00e0 0,058 (IC 90 % : 0,039 &#8211; 0,064) ;<\/li>\n<li><strong>SRMR (Standardized Root Mean Square Residual) :<\/strong> 0,038 \u00e0 0,049.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Saturations factorielles des items (Factor Loadings)<\/h3>\n<p>Toutes les saturations factorielles standardis\u00e9es des items sur leur facteur th\u00e9orique respectif sont significatives (p &lt; 0,001) et substantielles :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Facteur 1 : Inattention :<\/strong> Saturations oscillant entre <strong>0,54 et 0,85<\/strong>. Les items les plus fortement satur\u00e9s sont l&rsquo;item 1 (difficult\u00e9 \u00e0 finaliser les d\u00e9tails, &lambda; = 0,82), l&rsquo;item 2 (probl\u00e8mes d&rsquo;organisation, &lambda; = 0,85) et l&rsquo;item 8 (maintien de l&rsquo;attention sur t\u00e2ches r\u00e9p\u00e9titives, &lambda; = 0,79).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Facteur 2 : Hyperactivit\u00e9 \/ Impulsivit\u00e9 :<\/strong> Saturations s&rsquo;\u00e9chelonnant de <strong>0,50 \u00e0 0,81<\/strong>. Les items pr\u00e9dominants comprennent l&rsquo;item 5 (gigotement des mains\/pieds, &lambda; = 0,78), l&rsquo;item 6 (sensation d&rsquo;\u00eatre m\u00fb par un moteur, &lambda; = 0,81) et l&rsquo;item 13 (agitation int\u00e9rieure, &lambda; = 0,75).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>10. Instrument de mesure \/ Instrument<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Type d&rsquo;instrument :<\/strong> Questionnaire d&rsquo;auto-\u00e9valuation psychom\u00e9trique standardis\u00e9 (\u00e9chelle de fr\u00e9quence).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Population cible :<\/strong> Adultes \u00e2g\u00e9s de 18 ans et plus (adaptable aux adolescents \u00e2g\u00e9s de 16 ans et plus dans certains contextes cliniques).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Temps d&rsquo;administration :<\/strong> Environ 3 \u00e0 5 minutes pour l&rsquo;ensemble des 18 items (moins de 2 minutes pour la Partie A seule).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nombre total d&rsquo;items :<\/strong> 18 items r\u00e9partis en :<\/li>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Partie A (Items 1 \u00e0 6) :<\/strong> Outil de d\u00e9pistage pr\u00e9dictif (<em>Screener<\/em>) ;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Partie B (Items 7 \u00e0 18) :<\/strong> Outil d&rsquo;approfondissement clinique et dimensionnel.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li><strong>Sous-\u00e9chelles :<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Inattention :<\/em> Items 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 ;<\/li>\n<li><em>Hyperactivit\u00e9 \/ Impulsivit\u00e9 :<\/em> Items 5, 6, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Format et \u00e9chelle de r\u00e9ponse :<\/strong> 5-point frequency scale :<\/li>\n<ul>\n<li>0 = Jamais (<em>Never<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>1 = Rarement (<em>Rarely<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>2 = Parfois (<em>Sometimes<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>3 = Souvent (<em>Often<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>4 = Tr\u00e8s souvent (<em>Very often<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li><strong>Cotation et seuils cliniques :<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Score continu total :<\/strong> Somme arithm\u00e9tique de l&rsquo;ensemble des 18 items (\u00e9tendue th\u00e9orique de 0 \u00e0 72 points). Un score plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 traduit une s\u00e9v\u00e9rit\u00e9 symptomatique accrue.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Score cat\u00e9goriel de d\u00e9pistage (Partie A) :<\/strong> Sur la grille officielle de l&rsquo;OMS, chaque item de la Partie A dispose d&rsquo;une zone gris\u00e9e (seuil de positivit\u00e9 sp\u00e9cifique) : pour les items 1, 2 et 3, le crit\u00e8re est positif d\u00e8s le niveau \u00ab Parfois \u00bb (&ge; 2) ; pour les items 4, 5 et 6, le crit\u00e8re est positif \u00e0 partir du niveau \u00ab Souvent \u00bb (&ge; 3). Si le patient totalise <strong>4 r\u00e9ponses positives ou plus dans la zone ombr\u00e9e de la Partie A<\/strong>, le test de d\u00e9pistage est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme positif, justifiant une \u00e9valuation clinique sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9e approfondie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>11. Permissions, Tarifs et Ann\u00e9e du test \/ Permissions &#038; Fee and Test Year<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ann\u00e9e de publication originale :<\/strong> 2005.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Organisme d\u00e9veloppeur et d\u00e9tenteur des droits :<\/strong> Organisation Mondiale de la Sant\u00e9 (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\">World Health Organization<\/a>), en collaboration avec l&rsquo;\u00c9cole de M\u00e9decine de Harvard et l&rsquo;\u00c9cole de M\u00e9decine de l&rsquo;Universit\u00e9 de New York.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Statut des droits et conditions d&rsquo;utilisation :<\/strong> L&rsquo;instrument ASRS-v1.1 est disponible dans le <strong>domaine public<\/strong> et peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 <strong>gratuitement<\/strong> pour la pratique clinique individuelle, la formation acad\u00e9mique et la recherche scientifique non commerciale.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tarifs \/ Redevances :<\/strong> Aucun co\u00fbt d&rsquo;utilisation ni redevance pour les professionnels de sant\u00e9 et les chercheurs. Les traductions officielles et les versions informatis\u00e9es doivent mentionner le copyright de l&rsquo;OMS.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>12. R\u00e9f\u00e9rences \/ References<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Adler, L. A., Spencer, T., Faraone, S. V., Kessler, R. C., Howes, M. J., Biederman, J., &amp; Secnik, K. (2006). Validity of pilot Adult ADHD Self- Report Scale (ASRS) to Rate Adult ADHD symptoms. <em>Annals of Clinical Psychiatry<\/em>, 18(3), 145\u2013148. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10401230600801077\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10401230600801077<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Barkley, R. A. (1997). Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions: Constructing a unifying theory of ADHD. <em>Psychological Bulletin<\/em>, 121(1), 65\u201394. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-2909.121.1.65\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-2909.121.1.65<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Biederman, J., Faraone, S. V., Spencer, T. J., Mick, E., Monuteaux, M. C., &amp; Aleardi, M. (2004). Functional impairments in adults with self-reports of diagnosed ADHD: A controlled study of 1001 adults in the community. <em>The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry<\/em>, 65(4), 527\u2013535. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4088\/JCP.v65n0412\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4088\/JCP.v65n0412<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Brown, T. E. (2005). <em>ADHD Comorbidities: Handbook for ADHD Complications in Children and Adults<\/em>. American Psychiatric Publishing.<\/li>\n<li>Daig, I., Spangenberg, L., Henkel, D., Kunkel, S., &amp; Br\u00e4hler, E. (2011). Psychometric properties and normative data of the German Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-v1.1) in a representative population sample. <em>Nervenarzt<\/em>, 82(7), 890\u2013898. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00115-010-3129-3\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00115-010-3129-3<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Kessler, R. C., Adler, L., Ames, M., Demler, O., Faraone, S., Hiripi, E., Howes, M. J., Jin, R., Secnik, K., Spencer, T., \u00dcst\u00fcn, T. B., &amp; Walters, E. E. (2005). The World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS): A short screening scale for use in the general population. <em>Psychological Medicine<\/em>, 35(2), 245\u2013256. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291704002892\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291704002892<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Kessler, R. C., Adler, L. A., Gruber, M. J., Sarawate, C. A., Spencer, T., &amp; Van Brunt, D. L. (2007). Validity of the World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) Screener in a representative sample of health plan members. <em>International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research<\/em>, 16(2), 52\u201365. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mpr.208\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mpr.208<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>13. Questions et items du questionnaire (Scale Items)<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-items-container\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:12px; margin:28px 0; overflow:hidden; box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.03);\">\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-notice\" style=\"direction:ltr; text-align:left; background:#f8fafc; border-bottom:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:14px 20px; font-size:13.5px; color:#475569; font-weight:500;\">\n    Voici les items originaux de l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle tels que publi\u00e9s dans les \u00e9tudes psychom\u00e9triques de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, sans modification ni traduction, afin de pr\u00e9server la validit\u00e9 et la fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;instrument :\n  <\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-english-box\" style=\"direction:ltr; text-align:left; padding:20px 24px; font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size:14.5px; color:#1e293b; line-height:1.7;\">\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-instructions\" style=\"background:#f1f5f9; border-left:4px solid #64748b; border-radius:0 8px 8px 0; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:16px; font-size:13.5px; color:#334155;\">\n      <strong style=\"color:#0f172a;\">Instructions \/ Directions:<\/strong> Please answer the questions below, rating yourself on each of the criteria using the scale on the right side of the page. As you answer each question, place an X in the box that best describes how you have felt and conducted yourself over the past 6 months.\n    <\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-response-format\" style=\"background:#eff6ff; border-left:4px solid #3b82f6; border-radius:0 8px 8px 0; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:14px; font-size:13.5px; color:#1e40af;\">\n      <strong style=\"color:#1e3a8a;\">Response Scale:<\/strong> 5-point frequency scale: 0 = Never, 1 = Rarely, 2 = Sometimes, 3 = Often, 4 = Very often\n    <\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-reverse-scoring\" style=\"background:#fffbeb; border-left:4px solid #f59e0b; border-radius:0 8px 8px 0; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:14px; font-size:13.5px; color:#92400e;\">\n      <strong style=\"color:#78350f;\">Scoring \/ Reverse Items:<\/strong> The tool consists of 18 items based on DSM-IV criteria. Part A (Items 1\u20136) serves as a sensitive short-form screener; a score of 4 or more shaded\/positive responses (typically &#039;Sometimes&#039;, &#039;Often&#039;, or &#039;Very often&#039; depending on the item threshold) indicates significant likelihood of adult ADHD. Part B (Items 7\u201318) provides additional symptom frequency details. Total score ranges from 0 to 72, with higher scores reflecting greater symptom severity. Subscales: Inattention (Items 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11) and Hyperactivity\/Impulsivity (Items 5, 6, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18).\n    <\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How often do you have trouble wrapping up the final details of a project, once the challenging parts have been done?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">2<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How often do you have difficulty getting things in order when you have to do a task that requires organization?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">3<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How often do you have problems remembering appointments or obligations?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">When you have a task that requires a lot of thought, how often do you avoid or delay getting started?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">5<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How often do you fidget or squirm with your hands or feet when you have to sit down for a long time?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">6<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How often do you feel overly active and compelled to do things, like you were driven by a motor?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">7<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How often do you make careless mistakes when you have to work on a boring or difficult project?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">8<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How often do you have difficulty keeping your attention when you are doing boring or repetitive work?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">9<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How often do you have difficulty concentrating on what people say to you, even when they are speaking to you directly?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">10<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How often do you misplace or have difficulty finding things at home or at work?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">11<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How often are you distracted by activity or noise around you?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">12<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How often do you leave your seat in meetings or other situations in which you are expected to remain seated?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">13<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How often do you feel restless or fidgety?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">14<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How often do you have difficulty unwinding and relaxing when you have time to yourself?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">15<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How often do you find yourself talking too much when you are in social situations?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">16<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">When you&#039;re in a conversation, how often do you find yourself finishing the sentences of the people you are talking to, before they can finish them themselves?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">17<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How often do you have difficulty waiting your turn in situations when turn taking is required?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">18<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How often do you interrupt others when they are busy?<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>D\u00e9couvrez l&rsquo;\u00c9chelle d&rsquo;auto-\u00e9valuation du TDAH chez l&rsquo;adulte (ASRS-v1.1) d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e par l&rsquo;OMS : analyse psychom\u00e9trique, validit\u00e9, analyse factorielle, items et cotation clinique.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[46,958,2],"tags":[1278,81,1281,1191,1280,1261,16,1192,1279],"class_list":["post-511","psych_scale","type-psych_scale","status-publish","hentry","category-neuropsychologie","category-psychiatrie-clinique","category-psychometrie","tag-asrs-v1-1","tag-depistage","tag-hyperactivite","tag-impulsivite","tag-inattention","tag-oms","tag-psychometrie","tag-tdah","tag-tdah-adulte"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale\/511","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/psych_scale"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=511"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale\/511\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=511"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=511"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=511"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}