{"id":17937,"date":"2026-10-16T03:55:58","date_gmt":"2026-10-16T03:55:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/scales\/evaluation-diagnostique-efficacite-ecole-directeur-daspe\/"},"modified":"2026-10-16T03:55:58","modified_gmt":"2026-10-16T03:55:58","slug":"evaluation-diagnostique-efficacite-ecole-directeur-daspe","status":"publish","type":"psych_scale","link":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/?psych_scale=evaluation-diagnostique-efficacite-ecole-directeur-daspe","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9valuation diagnostique de l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole et de la direction"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>1. R\u00e9sum\u00e9 \/ Abstract<\/h2>\n<p>Le <strong>Diagnostic Assessment of School and Principal Effectiveness<\/strong> (DASPE), d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 initialement par Howard Ebmeier en 1988 au sein du <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Consortium\">KanLEAD Educational Consortium<\/a>, constitue une batterie psychom\u00e9trique multi-sources con\u00e7ue pour \u00e9valuer de mani\u00e8re diagnostique et formative l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 des \u00e9tablissements scolaires ainsi que les comp\u00e9tences manag\u00e9riales et p\u00e9dagogiques de leurs directeurs. Con\u00e7u pour pallier les limites des \u00e9valuations sommatives traditionnelles, le DASPE repose sur une approche multi-informateurs int\u00e9grant cinq perspectives compl\u00e9mentaires : le directeur d&rsquo;\u00e9cole (<em>Principal<\/em>), son sup\u00e9rieur hi\u00e9rarchique direct (<em>Supervisor<\/em>), les enseignants et membres du personnel (<em>Staff<\/em>), les \u00e9l\u00e8ves (<em>Students<\/em>) et les parents d&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e8ves (<em>Parents<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;instrument administr\u00e9 au personnel comporte onze \u00e9chelles r\u00e9parties en trois grands domaines \u00e9valuatifs : le regard du personnel sur lui-m\u00eame (moral, engagement organisationnel, satisfaction professionnelle), le regard sur le fonctionnement global de l&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement scolaire (maintien des mod\u00e8les, adaptation organisationnelle, atteinte des objectifs, int\u00e9gration syst\u00e9mique) et le regard sur les comportements sp\u00e9cifiques de leadership du directeur (comportements de maintien, d&rsquo;adaptation, d&rsquo;atteinte des buts et d&rsquo;int\u00e9gration). La version destin\u00e9e au chef d&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement \u00e9value huit dimensions homologues, permettant une analyse crois\u00e9e et r\u00e9flexive des \u00e9carts perceptifs entre auto-\u00e9valuation et h\u00e9t\u00e9ro-\u00e9valuation.<\/p>\n<p>Sur le plan psychom\u00e9trique, les analyses de coh\u00e9rence interne men\u00e9es sur l&rsquo;\u00e9chantillon de d\u00e9rivation (423 enseignants r\u00e9partis dans 23 \u00e9tablissements scolaires du Kansas) r\u00e9v\u00e8lent des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s statistiques remarquables, avec des coefficients <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cronbach%27s_alpha\">alpha de Cronbach<\/a> s&rsquo;\u00e9chelonnant de 0,76 pour l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle de satisfaction professionnelle \u00e0 0,97 pour les \u00e9chelles \u00e9valuant les comportements du directeur. Pour la version du chef d&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement (<em>N<\/em> = 23 directeurs), les indices d&rsquo;homog\u00e9n\u00e9it\u00e9 oscillent entre 0,73 (int\u00e9gration de l&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement) et 0,92 (comportements d&rsquo;adaptation du directeur). La validit\u00e9 de construit a \u00e9t\u00e9 corrobor\u00e9e par des analyses factorielles exploratoires en rotation oblique, tandis que la validit\u00e9 pr\u00e9dictive a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tablie au moyen de la technique des groupes contrast\u00e9s (<em>known-groups technique<\/em>). Les items de la section d&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 scolaire sont \u00e9valu\u00e9s au moyen d&rsquo;un format de r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 choix forc\u00e9 en cinq points allant de \u00ab Tout \u00e0 fait d&rsquo;accord \u00bb \u00e0 \u00ab Tout \u00e0 fait en d\u00e9saccord \u00bb.<\/p>\n<h2>2. Mots-cl\u00e9s \/ Keywords<\/h2>\n<p>\u00c9valuation diagnostique, Efficacit\u00e9 scolaire, Leadership p\u00e9dagogique, Direction d&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement, Psychom\u00e9trie organisationnelle, Climat scolaire, \u00c9valuation formative, Multi-informateurs, Analyse factorielle, Satisfaction au travail, Mod\u00e8le AGIL, Engagement professionnel.<\/p>\n<h2>3. Auteurs \/ Authors<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;instrument a \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7u et valid\u00e9 sous la direction scientifique de <strong>Howard Ebmeier<\/strong>, professeur \u00e9m\u00e9rite au d\u00e9partement de leadership \u00e9ducatif et d&rsquo;\u00e9tudes des politiques \u00e0 la <em>School of Education<\/em> de l&rsquo;<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/University_of_Kansas\">Universit\u00e9 du Kansas<\/a> (Lawrence, Kansas, \u00c9tats-Unis). Ses travaux de recherche se concentrent sur la supervision clinique, l&rsquo;\u00e9valuation formative du personnel \u00e9ducatif, la th\u00e9orie des organisations appliqu\u00e9es \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9cole et les dynamiques de collaboration au sein des corps professoraux.<\/p>\n<p>Le d\u00e9veloppement m\u00e9thodologique initial a b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 de l&rsquo;appui structurel du <strong>KanLEAD Educational Consortium<\/strong> (Topeka, Kansas), un consortium d&rsquo;agences \u00e9ducatives r\u00e9gionales et universitaires d\u00e9di\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;am\u00e9lioration de la gouvernance scolaire, en partenariat avec l&rsquo;association des administrateurs scolaires unis du Kansas (<em>United School Administrators of Kansas<\/em>). Aucune adresse \u00e9lectronique directe d&rsquo;\u00e9poque n&rsquo;est conserv\u00e9e dans les archives institutionnelles, mais les travaux fondateurs demeurent accessibles via les archives de l&rsquo;Universit\u00e9 du Kansas et les publications de l&rsquo;<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.apa.org\">American Psychological Association<\/a> ou de l&rsquo;Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC).<\/p>\n<h2>4. Objectif \/ Purpose<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;objectif fondamental du <strong>Diagnostic Assessment of School and Principal Effectiveness<\/strong> est de fournir un cadre d&rsquo;investigation rigoureux, standardis\u00e9 et op\u00e9rationnel permettant d&rsquo;objectiver le climat organisationnel d&rsquo;un \u00e9tablissement d&rsquo;enseignement et de diagnostiquer pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment les leviers de performance directoriale. Contrairement aux approches normatives centr\u00e9es sur le contr\u00f4le administratif ou l&rsquo;inspection sommative ponctuelle, le DASPE s&rsquo;inscrit r\u00e9solument dans une perspective d&rsquo;<strong>\u00e9valuation formative<\/strong> guid\u00e9e par les besoins des usagers internes et externes (<em>client-based formative evaluation<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>Dans les contextes de recherche acad\u00e9mique en administration de l&rsquo;\u00e9ducation, l&rsquo;outil vise \u00e0 \u00e9lucider les m\u00e9canismes transactionnels par lesquels les pratiques de gestion et d&rsquo;animation p\u00e9dagogique d&rsquo;un chef d&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement se r\u00e9percutent sur l&rsquo;engagement subjectif des enseignants, la culture d&rsquo;entraide entre pairs, l&rsquo;\u00e9quit\u00e9 per\u00e7ue et, in fine, la capacit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole \u00e0 soutenir les apprentissages des \u00e9l\u00e8ves. L&rsquo;instrument permet d&rsquo;op\u00e9rationnaliser des concepts organisationnels complexes et de comparer empiriquement des groupes d&rsquo;\u00e9tablissements selon leur niveau d&rsquo;efficience.<\/p>\n<p>Dans la pratique manag\u00e9riale et le conseil organisationnel, le DASPE offre une cartographie diagnostique \u00e0 360 degr\u00e9s. La confrontation des scores obtenus par le directeur avec ceux attribu\u00e9s par les enseignants, la hi\u00e9rarchie interm\u00e9diaire, les familles et les apprenants permet d&rsquo;identifier sans ambigu\u00eft\u00e9 les zones d&rsquo;angle mort professionnel. Par exemple, un chef d&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement peut s&rsquo;estimer tr\u00e8s performant dans la communication de la mission \u00e9ducative, alors que le corps professoral signale une absence de clart\u00e9 quant aux priorit\u00e9s p\u00e9dagogiques de l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e. Les profils percentiles g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s par l&rsquo;instrument servent alors de fondement empirique pour l&rsquo;\u00e9laboration de plans individuels de perfectionnement professionnel (<em>Professional Development Plans<\/em>) et de strat\u00e9gies de restructuration institutionnelle cibl\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<h2>5. Construit psychologique \/ Construct<\/h2>\n<p>Le DASPE op\u00e9rationnalise l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole et de son leader \u00e0 travers un r\u00e9seau nomologique sophistiqu\u00e9, combinant des \u00e9tats subjectifs individuels, des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s organisationnelles syst\u00e9miques et des comportements de gestion observables. Le construit se d\u00e9ploie selon trois macro-domaines articul\u00e9s en sous-\u00e9chelles distinctes :<\/p>\n<h3>5.1. La perception de soi par le personnel (Staff&rsquo;s View of Self)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Le moral professionnel (Morale Scale) :<\/strong> Mesure le niveau d&rsquo;enthousiasme, la fiert\u00e9 d&rsquo;appartenance institutionnelle et l&rsquo;absence de d\u00e9tresse psychologique li\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;environnement de travail imm\u00e9diat. Un moral \u00e9lev\u00e9 se traduit par une volont\u00e9 explicite de demeurer dans l&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement sur le long terme.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L&rsquo;engagement organisationnel (Commitment Scale) :<\/strong> \u00c9value l&rsquo;adh\u00e9sion affective et normative des enseignants envers les finalit\u00e9s \u00e9ducatives de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole, leur loyaut\u00e9 collective face aux critiques ext\u00e9rieures et leur disposition \u00e0 fournir un effort discr\u00e9tionnaire d\u00e9passant les exigences contractuelles strictes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>La satisfaction au travail (Job Satisfaction Scale) :<\/strong> Appr\u00e9hende le contentement \u00e9prouv\u00e9 par l&rsquo;agent \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9gard de divers aspects intrins\u00e8ques et extrins\u00e8ques de sa fonction (charge de travail prescrite, r\u00e9mun\u00e9ration, avantages sociaux, conditions mat\u00e9rielles et autonomie d\u00e9cisionnelle).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>5.2. La perception du fonctionnement de l&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement (View of the School)<\/h3>\n<p>Cette composante examine comment les acteurs per\u00e7oivent les capacit\u00e9s syst\u00e9miques de leur organisation \u00e0 travers quatre imp\u00e9ratifs fonctionnels majeurs :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Maintien des mod\u00e8les (Maintenance Scale) :<\/strong> \u00c9value la stabilit\u00e9 structurelle de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole, la r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 des flux de communication interne, la clart\u00e9 des politiques administratives diffus\u00e9es par \u00e9crit et la coh\u00e9rence des valeurs partag\u00e9es au sein du corps professoral.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Adaptation organisationnelle (Adaptation Scale) :<\/strong> Mesure l&rsquo;aptitude de l&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement \u00e0 capter des ressources externes (financements, bourses de recherche, subventions), \u00e0 anticiper les mutations sociod\u00e9mographiques de la communaut\u00e9 et \u00e0 introduire de mani\u00e8re proactive des innovations technologiques et curriculaires.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Atteinte des objectifs (Goal Attainment Scale) :<\/strong> Appr\u00e9cie l&rsquo;orientation r\u00e9solue de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole vers l&rsquo;excellence acad\u00e9mique, l&rsquo;existence d&rsquo;une mission institutionnelle limpide, la focalisation sur l&rsquo;am\u00e9lioration continue de l&rsquo;instruction et la valorisation syst\u00e9matique des r\u00e9ussites scolaires et cr\u00e9atives des \u00e9l\u00e8ves.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Int\u00e9gration syst\u00e9mique (Integration Scale) :<\/strong> Explore la qualit\u00e9 des relations interpersonnelles, le climat de confiance mutuelle entre coll\u00e8gues, la collaboration harmonieuse entre d\u00e9partements et la gestion constructive des conflits interindividuels.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>5.3. Les comportements manag\u00e9riaux du directeur (Principal Behaviors)<\/h3>\n<p>Le leadership du chef d&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement est \u00e9valu\u00e9 sous l&rsquo;angle de comportements directement observables :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Comportements de maintien (Maintenance Behaviors) :<\/strong> Capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 structurer l&rsquo;organisation, faire respecter les accords collectifs, allouer judicieusement les charges de travail et s\u00e9curiser le temps d&rsquo;instruction contre les interruptions intempestives.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Comportements d&rsquo;adaptation (Adaptation Behaviors) :<\/strong> Veille technologique et sociopolitique, captation de ressources partenariales, mise en \u0153uvre de projets novateurs et gestion des relations avec la communaut\u00e9 environnante.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Comportements orient\u00e9s vers les objectifs (Goal Attainment Behaviors) :<\/strong> Fixation d&rsquo;objectifs ambitieux, r\u00e9troaction p\u00e9dagogique r\u00e9guli\u00e8re issue de visites de classe, coaching individualis\u00e9 des enseignants et suivi rigoureux des progr\u00e8s acad\u00e9miques.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Comportements d&rsquo;int\u00e9gration (Integration Behaviors) :<\/strong> Facilitation de la coh\u00e9sion d&rsquo;\u00e9quipe, gouvernance participative invitant le personnel aux processus d\u00e9cisionnels, soutien socio-\u00e9motionnel et valorisation du climat humain.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>6. Cadre th\u00e9orique \/ Theoretical Framework<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;architecture conceptuelle du DASPE prend racine dans la <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Systems_theory\">th\u00e9orie g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des syst\u00e8mes<\/a> et s&rsquo;appuie principalement sur le <strong>paradigme structural-fonctionnaliste AGIL<\/strong> formul\u00e9 par le sociologue am\u00e9ricain <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Talcott_Parsons\">Talcott Parsons<\/a> (1951). Selon cette perspective sociologique, tout syst\u00e8me social viable \u2014 qu&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agisse d&rsquo;une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 globale ou d&rsquo;une organisation \u00e9ducative complexe \u2014 doit imp\u00e9rativement r\u00e9soudre quatre probl\u00e8mes fondamentaux pour survivre et prosp\u00e9rer :<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Adaptation (A) :<\/strong> L&rsquo;obligation pour l&rsquo;\u00e9cole d&rsquo;interagir dynamiquement avec son environnement externe, d&rsquo;extraire des ressources mat\u00e9rielles et financi\u00e8res suffisantes et de s&rsquo;adapter aux \u00e9volutions sociales et technologiques (Rosenholtz, 1989).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Poursuite des buts \/ Goal Attainment (G) :<\/strong> La capacit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;organisation \u00e0 d\u00e9finir clairement ses objectifs prioritaires (l&rsquo;acquisition de savoirs et le d\u00e9veloppement socio-\u00e9motionnel des \u00e9l\u00e8ves) et \u00e0 mobiliser l&rsquo;\u00e9nergie de ses membres pour les concr\u00e9tiser efficacement (Levine &#038; Lezotte, 1990).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Int\u00e9gration (I) :<\/strong> L&rsquo;exigence de maintenir la coh\u00e9sion interne, d&rsquo;harmoniser les relations entre les sous-unit\u00e9s (d\u00e9partements p\u00e9dagogiques, cycles d&rsquo;enseignement) et de pr\u00e9server un climat relationnel bienveillant en r\u00e9gulant les conflits (Toll, 1990).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Maintien des mod\u00e8les et gestion des tensions \/ Latency or Pattern Maintenance (L) :<\/strong> La n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d&rsquo;assurer la p\u00e9rennit\u00e9 des valeurs institutionnelles, des normes culturelles et des motivations individuelles des enseignants \u00e0 travers des r\u00e8gles claires et un soutien moral continu.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ebmeier a transpos\u00e9 ce mod\u00e8le macro-sociologique \u00e0 la microstructure scolaire en postulant que l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 d&rsquo;un \u00e9tablissement est une fonction directe de l&rsquo;\u00e9quilibre entre ces quatre imp\u00e9ratifs fonctionnels, et que le r\u00f4le central du chef d&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement consiste pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment \u00e0 activer des comportements de leadership align\u00e9s sur chacun de ces quadrants. Cette approche int\u00e8gre \u00e9galement les conclusions du mouvement de recherche sur les \u00ab \u00e9coles exceptionnellement efficaces \u00bb (<em>Effective Schools Movement<\/em>) initi\u00e9 notamment par Ronald Edmonds, Larry Lezotte et Daniel Levine, qui a d\u00e9montr\u00e9 empiriquement que les \u00e9coles \u00e0 forte valeur ajout\u00e9e se caract\u00e9risent par un leadership p\u00e9dagogique affirm\u00e9, des attentes \u00e9lev\u00e9es partag\u00e9es par l&rsquo;ensemble du personnel, un climat ordonn\u00e9 et s\u00e9curisant, et une \u00e9valuation continue des progr\u00e8s.<\/p>\n<h2>7. Validit\u00e9 \/ Validity<\/h2>\n<p>La validation empirique du DASPE a \u00e9t\u00e9 document\u00e9e au sein du manuel de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence (Ebmeier, 1988) et confirm\u00e9e dans des publications scientifiques subs\u00e9quentes (Ebmeier, 1991). Les preuves de validit\u00e9 reposent sur une m\u00e9thodologie rigoureuse combinant plusieurs approches standardis\u00e9es de la mesure en psychologie organisationnelle :<\/p>\n<h3>7.1. Validit\u00e9 de contenu<\/h3>\n<p>L&rsquo;\u00e9laboration de la banque initiale d&rsquo;items a suivi un processus d&rsquo;entonnoir rigoureux. Plus de 1 500 articles scientifiques et rapports techniques consacr\u00e9s \u00e0 l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 scolaire et au leadership administratif ont fait l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;une analyse syst\u00e9matique par des \u00e9quipes compos\u00e9es d&rsquo;\u00e9tudiants de troisi\u00e8me cycle, de professeurs d&rsquo;universit\u00e9 et de directeurs d&rsquo;\u00e9cole en exercice (Wilson et al., 1988). Ce travail a permis d&rsquo;extraire une liste pr\u00e9liminaire de 150 comp\u00e9tences critiques associ\u00e9es au succ\u00e8s d&rsquo;un \u00e9tablissement. Ce corpus a ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 soumis \u00e0 un panel d&rsquo;experts \u00e9ducatifs \u00e9tatiques et nationaux, qui a r\u00e9duit par consensus Delphi la liste \u00e0 60 comp\u00e9tences fondamentales, servant de socle aux \u00e9nonc\u00e9s de l&rsquo;instrument d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole.<\/p>\n<h3>7.2. Validit\u00e9 de construit<\/h3>\n<p>La dimensionnalit\u00e9 th\u00e9orique du questionnaire du personnel a \u00e9t\u00e9 explor\u00e9e \u00e0 travers des analyses factorielles en rotation oblique (Promax), tenant compte des interd\u00e9pendances inh\u00e9rentes aux dynamiques organisationnelles. Ces analyses ont mis en \u00e9vidence une structure sous-jacente stable confirmant la projection empirique des comportements directoriaux et des processus scolaires sur les axes fonctionnels d\u00e9finis a priori. De surcro\u00eet, les matrices de corr\u00e9lations intra-\u00e9chelles (d\u00e9montrant une forte intercorr\u00e9lation entre items d&rsquo;une m\u00eame sous-\u00e9chelle) et inter-\u00e9chelles ont confirm\u00e9 l&rsquo;existence d&rsquo;une validit\u00e9 convergente substantielle sans redondance colin\u00e9aire excessive entre les construits.<\/p>\n<h3>7.3. Validit\u00e9 pr\u00e9dictive et crit\u00e9ri\u00e9e<\/h3>\n<p>La validit\u00e9 pr\u00e9dictive et discriminante a \u00e9t\u00e9 test\u00e9e empiriquement au moyen de la m\u00e9thode des groupes contrast\u00e9s (<em>known-groups technique<\/em>). L&rsquo;instrument s&rsquo;est r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 capable de diff\u00e9rencier de mani\u00e8re statistiquement significative les \u00e9tablissements pr\u00e9alablement identifi\u00e9s par des crit\u00e8res externes objectifs (performances acad\u00e9miques des \u00e9l\u00e8ves ajust\u00e9es aux variables socio-\u00e9conomiques, taux de r\u00e9tention du personnel, r\u00e9putation d&rsquo;excellence manag\u00e9riale) comme \u00e9tant \u00ab exceptionnellement efficaces \u00bb par rapport aux \u00e9coles affichant des trajectoires moyennes ou d\u00e9ficitaires.<\/p>\n<h2>8. Fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 \/ Reliability<\/h2>\n<p>La fiabilit\u00e9 m\u00e9trologique des diff\u00e9rentes versions du DASPE a \u00e9t\u00e9 rigoureusement analys\u00e9e en calculant les coefficients de consistance interne (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cronbach%27s_alpha\">alpha de Cronbach<\/a>) sur l&rsquo;\u00e9chantillon pilote normatif de 23 \u00e9tablissements scolaires situ\u00e9s dans l&rsquo;\u00c9tat du Kansas :<\/p>\n<h3>8.1. \u00c9chantillon du personnel enseignant (<em>N<\/em> = 423)<\/h3>\n<p>Pour les onze \u00e9chelles composant le questionnaire administr\u00e9 aux enseignants, les coefficients alpha de Cronbach d\u00e9montrent une excellente homog\u00e9n\u00e9it\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9rale :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Satisfaction du personnel (Staff Satisfaction) :<\/strong> <span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"\\alpha = 0,76\">$\\alpha = 0,76$<\/span> (valeur la plus basse mais d\u00e9montrant une consistance interne tr\u00e8s acceptable pour une \u00e9chelle multidimensionnelle de satisfaction).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Engagement et moral organisationnel :<\/strong> coefficients compris entre $0,81$ et $0,88$.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Perception du fonctionnement scolaire (Maintenance, Adaptation, Buts, Int\u00e9gration) :<\/strong> indices compris entre $0,84$ et $0,91$.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Comportements de direction du directeur (Maintenance, Adaptation, Atteinte des buts, Int\u00e9gration) :<\/strong> chaque \u00e9chelle relative aux comportements du chef d&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement atteint un niveau exceptionnel d&rsquo;homog\u00e9n\u00e9it\u00e9 avec un coefficient de <span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"\\alpha = 0,97\">$\\alpha = 0,97$<\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>8.2. \u00c9chantillon des directeurs d&rsquo;\u00e9cole (<em>N<\/em> = 23)<\/h3>\n<p>En d\u00e9pit d&rsquo;une taille d&rsquo;\u00e9chantillon n\u00e9cessairement plus restreinte, les huit \u00e9chelles d&rsquo;auto-\u00e9valuation du chef d&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement pr\u00e9sentent des indices de consistance interne solides :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Int\u00e9gration du b\u00e2timent scolaire (Building Integration) :<\/strong> <span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"\\alpha = 0,73\">$\\alpha = 0,73$<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Comportements d&rsquo;adaptation du directeur (Principal Adaptation Behaviors) :<\/strong> <span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"\\alpha = 0,92\">$\\alpha = 0,92$<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li>Les autres \u00e9chelles (maintien, atteinte des buts, engagement propre) se distribuent entre ces deux bornes, avec une moyenne avoisinant $0,83$.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Des coefficients de coh\u00e9rence interne comparables ont \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 relev\u00e9s pour les versions destin\u00e9es aux parents, aux \u00e9l\u00e8ves et aux superviseurs hi\u00e9rarchiques, attestant de la robustesse de l&rsquo;instrument ind\u00e9pendamment de la cat\u00e9gorie d&rsquo;informateurs.<\/p>\n<h2>9. Analyse factorielle \/ Factor Analysis<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;investigation de la structure factorielle a constitu\u00e9 une \u00e9tape n\u00e9vralgique de la validation m\u00e9trologique de l&rsquo;instrument du personnel. En raison des liens th\u00e9oriques \u00e9troits unissant les dimensions du leadership et du fonctionnement organisationnel, Ebmeier a proc\u00e9d\u00e9 \u00e0 une <strong>analyse factorielle exploratoire avec rotation oblique<\/strong> (Promax\/Oblimin), rejetant les rotations orthogonales de type Varimax qui forcent artificiellement l&rsquo;ind\u00e9pendance de composantes interd\u00e9pendantes dans la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 syst\u00e9mique.<\/p>\n<p>Pour la portion consacr\u00e9e aux comportements de direction rapport\u00e9s par le personnel enseignant, l&rsquo;analyse factorielle a mis en \u00e9vidence trois facteurs majeurs \u00e9mergeant nettement de l&rsquo;espace vectoriel, expliquant une proportion substantielle de la variance totale :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Facteur 1 : Comportements orient\u00e9s vers l&rsquo;atteinte des objectifs (Goal Attainment) :<\/strong> Ce facteur regroupe les saturations les plus fortes sur les items relatifs \u00e0 la fixation de normes d&rsquo;excellence, au maintien d&rsquo;attentes \u00e9lev\u00e9es, aux r\u00e9unions d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation p\u00e9dagogique constructive et \u00e0 l&rsquo;accent mis sur les r\u00e9sultats d&rsquo;apprentissage.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Facteur 2 : Comportements d&rsquo;adaptation (Adaptation) :<\/strong> Ce facteur agr\u00e8ge les items li\u00e9s \u00e0 la veille informationnelle, \u00e0 la r\u00e9activit\u00e9 face aux mutations sociopolitiques externes, \u00e0 l&rsquo;encouragement de l&rsquo;exp\u00e9rimentation p\u00e9dagogique et \u00e0 la recherche active de financements ext\u00e9rieurs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Facteur 3 : Comportements d&rsquo;int\u00e9gration et de relations humaines (Integration) :<\/strong> Ce facteur s&rsquo;individualise par de fortes saturations sur les \u00e9nonc\u00e9s d\u00e9crivant la r\u00e9solution pacifique des conflits, la promotion de la coh\u00e9sion d&rsquo;\u00e9quipe, le soutien \u00e9motionnel et la d\u00e9l\u00e9gation partag\u00e9e de l&rsquo;autorit\u00e9 d\u00e9cisionnelle.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Les comportements de maintien (Maintenance) se trouvent, selon les analyses factorielles de second ordre, \u00e9troitement intriqu\u00e9s avec les facteurs de but et d&rsquo;int\u00e9gration, traduisant la nature r\u00e9gulatrice transversale des politiques administratives internes.<\/p>\n<h2>10. Instrument de mesure \/ Instrument<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Intitul\u00e9 officiel :<\/strong> Diagnostic Assessment of School and Principal Effectiveness (DASPE) \u2013 Principal Version \/ Staff Version.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Type d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation :<\/strong> Questionnaire psychom\u00e9trique multidimensionnel, approche 360 degr\u00e9s \/ multi-informateurs (directeur, superviseur, personnel enseignant, \u00e9l\u00e8ves, parents).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Objectif :<\/strong> Diagnostic organisationnel et \u00e9valuation formative du leadership \u00e9ducatif.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Structure de l&rsquo;instrument (Version Directeur &#038; Personnel) :<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Section I :<\/strong> Informations d\u00e9mographiques et professionnelles contextuelles.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Section II (Efficacit\u00e9 scolaire \/ School Effectiveness) :<\/strong> 100 items explorant le climat organisationnel, les normes coll\u00e9giales, l&rsquo;engagement et les ressources.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Section III (Comportements du directeur \/ Principal Behaviors) :<\/strong> 83 \u00e9nonc\u00e9s portant sur les actes sp\u00e9cifiques de leadership p\u00e9dagogique et administratif.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Format des r\u00e9ponses :<\/strong> \u00c9chelle de Likert \u00e0 choix forc\u00e9 en 5 points pour l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 scolaire :\n<ul>\n<li>A = Tout \u00e0 fait d&rsquo;accord (Strongly Agree)<\/li>\n<li>B = D&rsquo;accord (Agree)<\/li>\n<li>C = Neutre (Neutral)<\/li>\n<li>D = En d\u00e9saccord (Disagree)<\/li>\n<li>E = Tout \u00e0 fait en d\u00e9saccord (Strongly Disagree)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cotation et analyse :<\/strong> Conversion des scores bruts en rangs percentiles \u00e0 partir de tables normatives de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence (KanLEAD). Analyse comparative des \u00e9carts de perception (Directeur vs Personnel vs Hi\u00e9rarchie).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>11. Permissions, Tarifs et Ann\u00e9e du test \/ Permissions &#038; Fee and Test Year<\/h2>\n<p>Le <em>Diagnostic Assessment of School and Principal Effectiveness<\/em> a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9 en <strong>1988<\/strong> sous l&rsquo;\u00e9gide du <em>KanLEAD Educational Consortium<\/em> \u00e0 Topeka (Kansas), suivi d&rsquo;une publication scientifique d\u00e9taill\u00e9e dans le <em>Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education<\/em> en <strong>1991<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c0 l&rsquo;origine, le manuel de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, les livrets de passation et les grilles de d\u00e9pouillement \u00e9taient distribu\u00e9s commercialement par le consortium KanLEAD aux districts scolaires souhaitant implanter des dispositifs de gouvernance r\u00e9flexive. Dans le contexte contemporain, l&rsquo;utilisation de l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle \u00e0 des fins de recherche fondamentale, de th\u00e8ses doctorales ou d&rsquo;\u00e9tudes universitaires \u00e0 but non lucratif rel\u00e8ve des dispositions acad\u00e9miques r\u00e9gies par le droit de citation scientifique, sous r\u00e9serve de r\u00e9f\u00e9rencer scrupuleusement le travail original de Howard Ebmeier. Pour tout d\u00e9ploiement institutionnel syst\u00e9matique ou num\u00e9risation commerciale, il convient de se r\u00e9f\u00e9rer aux ayants droit et aux archives institutionnelles de l&rsquo;<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ku.edu\">Universit\u00e9 du Kansas<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>12. R\u00e9f\u00e9rences \/ References<\/h2>\n<ul style=\"line-height: 1.8;\">\n<li>Ebmeier, H. (1988). <em>Reference Manual for the Diagnostic Assessment of School and Principal Effectiveness<\/em>. Topeka, KS: KanLEAD Educational Consortium.<\/li>\n<li>Ebmeier, H. (1991). The development and field test of an instrument for client-based principal formative evaluation. <em>Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education<\/em>, 4(3), 245\u2013278. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00125471\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00125471<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Levine, D. U., &#038; Lezotte, L. W. (1990). <em>Unusually effective schools: A review and analysis of research and practice<\/em>. Madison, WI: National Center for Effective Schools Research and Development.<\/li>\n<li>Parsons, T. (1951). <em>The Social System<\/em>. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.<\/li>\n<li>Rosenholtz, S. J. (1989). Workplace conditions that affect teacher quality and commitment: Implications for teacher induction programs. <em>The Elementary School Journal<\/em>, 89(4), 421\u2013439. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/461584\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/461584<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Toll, M. M. (1990). <em>Conflict management and school administrators<\/em> (Doctoral dissertation, Kansas State University). Manhattan, KS.<\/li>\n<li>Wilson, A., Ebmeier, H., &#038; Associates. (1988). <em>Documents for Discovery III: A Working Bibliography of Resources Used to Identify Traits, Generic Skills and Specific Skill of Administrators<\/em>. Topeka, KS: KAN-LEAD and United School Administrators of Kansas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>13. Questions et items du questionnaire (Scale Items)<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-items-container\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:12px; margin:28px 0; overflow:hidden; box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.03);\">\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-notice\" style=\"direction:ltr; text-align:left; background:#f8fafc; border-bottom:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:14px 20px; font-size:13.5px; color:#475569; font-weight:500;\">\n    Voici les items originaux de l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle tels que publi\u00e9s dans les \u00e9tudes psychom\u00e9triques de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, sans modification ni traduction, afin de pr\u00e9server la validit\u00e9 et la fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;instrument :\n  <\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-english-box\" style=\"direction:ltr; text-align:left; padding:20px 24px; font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size:14.5px; color:#1e293b; line-height:1.7;\">\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-scoring-formula\" style=\"background:#ecfdf5; border-left:4px solid #10b981; border-radius:0 8px 8px 0; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:18px; font-size:13.5px; color:#065f46;\">\n      <strong style=\"color:#064e3b;\">Scoring Formula:<\/strong> Scoring: For school effectiveness: Strongly Agree = A; Agree = B; Neutral = C; Disagree = D; and Strongly Disagree\n    <\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I am concerned with faculty working conditions.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">2<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers at this school do not have a great deal of confidence in each other\u2019s abilities.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">3<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers in this school are encouraged to implement new teaching techniques.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">As students move from one grade level to the next or from one course to another, teachers generally can be assured that the students were soundly prepared in the previous course.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">5<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers in this school are open to changes that will improve the school.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">6<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Student achievement is rewarded in this school.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">7<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The workload is adequately balanced among the faculty members of this school.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">8<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers in my school have respect for professional competence of other teachers, departments, or levels.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">9<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Student creativity is encouraged and rewarded in this school.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">10<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I am not proud of this school.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">11<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">In spite of limited financial resources, this school is able to get the money and equipment we need to conduct an effective educational program.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">12<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers have a pretty good idea how the various departments or grade levels within our school function.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">13<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers in this school work closely with the community.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">14<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers derive professional satisfaction from their jobs in this school.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">15<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">This school seems to be more effective than other schools in our district in obtaining adequate resources to support the educational program.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">16<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The development of student self-confidence is stressed at this school.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">17<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">It is not clear to teachers what each department or level is supposed to do.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">18<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">There are open lines of communication between faculty and the building administrators.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">19<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">This school is an excellent organization.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">20<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The development of individual student self-concept is not emphasized in this school.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">21<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Before a decision is made in my school, there is a good deal of communication between teachers.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">22<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers are satisfied with the amount of work they are expected to do.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">23<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Administrative policies are available to the faculty in printed form.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">24<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Before a decision which would affect everyone is made in my school, there is a good deal of communication be- tween grade levels or departments.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">25<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers in this school are trying hard to promote student achievement.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">26<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Some teachers would leave this school for any other.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">27<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Our school staff works together to jointly write grants or requests to secure resources from outside agencies.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">28<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The quality of teaching in my school is very high.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">29<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The staff in my school respect each other and work well together.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">30<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers are not satisfied with the amount of money they make.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">31<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">There is general faculty confidence in the building administrators.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">32<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">There are often conflicts between teachers in this school.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">33<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers tell their friends that I would stay in this school for many years to come.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">34<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers are satisfied with the fringe benefits in this school district.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">35<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">There are sufficient social activities for the faculty.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">36<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Productivity is high in this school.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">37<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">If offered a better salary, most teachers would move to another school.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">38<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers are satisfied with the trust they have in building administrators.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">39<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">This school is effective in gaining community support for our programs.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">40<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The social contact between students and faculty is adequate.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">41<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Conflict between staff members in this school is rare.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">42<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers at this school are not very loyal to the school and staff.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">43<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers believe in the goals and objectives of this school.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">44<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">In this school, the workload among teachers is pretty evenly distributed.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">45<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">This school has activities to help us keep in touch with the wants and desires of the community.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">46<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">In this school, all students are treated with respect\u2014even those from poor backgrounds or those of limited intel- lectual ability.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">47<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers are satisfied with the professional competence and leadership of their building administrator.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">48<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">In this school, everything is arranged to facilitate the achievement of our goals.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">49<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Most of my teachers\u2019 interests lie outside their job at school.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">50<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The size of classes is satisfactory.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">51<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers at this school respect parents and attempt to work with them whenever possible.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">52<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Each year in this school we make an extra effort to identify problems and set school-wide improvement goals.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">53<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Unlike this school, most of the teachers would like to work in a school that holds the same values as they do.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">54<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">This school seems especially effective in adopting new and innovative instructional techniques.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">55<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers in this school do not hold each other in high regard.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">56<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers are satisfied with the opportunities provided to discuss problems with building administrators.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">57<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">This school uses pretty standard curriculum material and does not generally seek out new or updated material on a systematic basis.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">58<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">This school has a clear mission.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">59<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Faculty members are friendly to one another.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">60<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The values of this school are inconsistent with my own values.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">61<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">This school is especially effective in seeking out new programs or practices in response to changes in the com- munity or the pedagogical knowledge.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">62<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers are not satisfied with the goals and objectives emphasized by this school.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">63<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The building administrators encourage suggestions from their faculty.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">64<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">This school is efficient in how it uses material and how it organizes the staff.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">65<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers in this school work closely with parents.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">66<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">This school seems to be very innovative in comparison to other schools.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">67<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers feel that others in this school value their ideas and suggestions.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">68<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Many teachers at this school are actively experimenting with new teaching methods or curriculum material.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">69<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Administrators and teachers in this school work together toward making the school run effectively.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">70<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">There is a systematic effort in this school for teachers to share new curriculum material.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">71<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The climate in this school is poor.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">72<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers tend to identify with this school and strongly support it when it is attacked.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">73<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The staff of this school can easily handle unusual or nonroutine problems that may come up.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">74<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The communications in this school are good.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">75<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers enjoy their school work very much.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">76<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The staff of this school are very supportive of each other in their attempt to try new techniques or methods.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">77<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The staff of this school are very interested in trying new teaching techniques or curriculum material.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">78<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I have a lot of very good friends at this school.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">79<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The staff at this school is not very interested in promoting their own professional development.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">80<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The staff at this school engage in peer observations and peer study groups to improve their own instruction and try new techniques.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">81<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">This school is especially good in efficiently organizing students into groups that maximize learning.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">82<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Supplies and equipment are readily available when needed.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">83<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">This school is especially good at anticipating problems with parents or students and preventing them before they become major problems.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">84<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The goals of this school are not clearly spelled out and communicated to all parties.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">85<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The staff at this school are well informed about educational issues that could affect their work.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">86<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers sometimes are not sure what this school expects\u2014one time the administration says one thing, the next time a different goal is emphasized.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">87<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">When changes are made at this school, the faculty adjusts quickly.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">88<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers in this school are given the freedom to make professional decisions.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">89<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers in this school actively seek grants and other resources.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">90<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers in this school are flexible and can change easily when necessary.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">91<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers are expected to grow as professional staff members in this school.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">92<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers in this school stay abreast of current technology in the classroom.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">93<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">In this school, attention is focused on improvement of instruction.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">94<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers in this school are unwilling to share ideas and techniques.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">95<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Professional development in this school is designed to meet the needs of the community.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">96<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers in this school work harmoniously with community health and social agencies.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">97<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers in this school encourage each other to try new techniques and strategies.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">98<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers in this school provide training for other teachers when they have a successful program to share.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">99<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers in this school have difficulty getting the necessary resources to successfully implement new programs.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">100<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Professional development activities in this school are oriented toward meeting future needs of the school.<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Analyse psychom\u00e9trique d\u00e9taill\u00e9e du Diagnostic Assessment of School and Principal Effectiveness (DASPE), instrument multi-informateurs cr\u00e9\u00e9 par Howard Ebmeier pour mesurer l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 des \u00e9coles et le leadership administratif.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[28040,890,2],"tags":[445,28041,23455,25510,28042,731,28043,16],"class_list":["post-17937","psych_scale","type-psych_scale","status-publish","hentry","category-education-et-enseignement","category-psychologie-organisationnelle","category-psychometrie","tag-climat-organisationnel","tag-daspe","tag-efficacite-scolaire","tag-evaluation-formative","tag-howard-ebmeier","tag-leadership-pedagogique","tag-modele-agil","tag-psychometrie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale\/17937","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/psych_scale"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17937"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale\/17937\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17937"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17937"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17937"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}