{"id":17459,"date":"2026-10-15T11:31:57","date_gmt":"2026-10-15T11:31:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/scales\/echelle-evaluation-geriatrique-crichton-cricht\/"},"modified":"2026-10-15T11:32:06","modified_gmt":"2026-10-15T11:32:06","slug":"echelle-evaluation-geriatrique-crichton-cricht","status":"publish","type":"psych_scale","link":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/?psych_scale=echelle-evaluation-geriatrique-crichton-cricht","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9chelle d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation g\u00e9riatrique de Crichton (CRICHT)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>R\u00e9sum\u00e9<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;<strong>\u00c9chelle d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation g\u00e9riatrique de Crichton<\/strong> (couramment d\u00e9sign\u00e9e par l&rsquo;acronyme <em>CRICHT<\/em> ou <em>Crichton Geriatric Rating Scale<\/em>) est un instrument psychom\u00e9trique et clinique pionnier d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1960 par le psychiatre britannique R. A. Robinson au sein de l&rsquo;h\u00f4pital Crichton Royal \u00e0 Dumfries, en \u00c9cosse (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crichton_Royal_Hospital\">Crichton Royal Hospital<\/a>). Con\u00e7ue \u00e0 l&rsquo;origine pour pallier l&rsquo;absence d&rsquo;outils standardis\u00e9s adapt\u00e9s \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9valuation comportementale et fonctionnelle des patients \u00e2g\u00e9s hospitalis\u00e9s en milieu psychiatrique, cette \u00e9chelle a notamment \u00e9t\u00e9 int\u00e9gr\u00e9e dans la batterie d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation psychopharmacologique de l&rsquo;<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Institute_of_Mental_Health\">Early Clinical Drug Evaluation Unit<\/a> (ECDEU) sous l&rsquo;\u00e9gide du <em>National Institute of Mental Health<\/em> (NIMH) aux \u00c9tats-Unis (Guy, 1976).<\/p>\n<p>Le CRICHT se compose de <strong>11 items fondamentaux<\/strong> \u00e9valuant un large spectre du fonctionnement g\u00e9riatrique, int\u00e9grant les capacit\u00e9s physiques de base, les fonctions cognitives globales, les interactions sociales ainsi que les manifestations affectives et comportementales. Chaque item est \u00e9valu\u00e9 sur une \u00e9chelle ordinale en 5 points allant du niveau 1 (fonctionnement normal ou autonome) au niveau 5 (perte totale d&rsquo;autonomie ou alt\u00e9ration fonctionnelle s\u00e9v\u00e8re). L&rsquo;\u00e9chelle g\u00e9n\u00e8re un score total composite qui permet de cat\u00e9goriser le niveau de d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration du patient : une d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration l\u00e9g\u00e8re (score global de 10 \u00e0 20), une d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration mod\u00e9r\u00e9e (score de 21 \u00e0 30) et une d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration s\u00e9v\u00e8re (score sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 31).<\/p>\n<p>Sur le plan psychom\u00e9trique, le CRICHT a fait l&rsquo;objet de nombreuses investigations dans le cadre d&rsquo;essais cliniques pharmacologiques et d&rsquo;\u00e9tudes de suivi longitudinal en g\u00e9rontopsychiatrie. Les \u00e9tudes documentent une fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 inter-juges satisfaisante lorsqu&rsquo;elle est administr\u00e9e par le personnel soignant ou infirmier familier avec les comportements quotidiens des patients. La validit\u00e9 convergente et la sensibilit\u00e9 au changement se sont av\u00e9r\u00e9es particuli\u00e8rement robustes pour mesurer l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 th\u00e9rapeutique pr\u00e9- et post-traitement de th\u00e9rapeutiques psychotropes, nootropiques ou de programmes de r\u00e9habilitation psychosociale.<\/p>\n<h2>Mots-cl\u00e9s<\/h2>\n<p>\u00e9valuation g\u00e9riatrique, fonctionnement comportemental, psychog\u00e9riatrie, d\u00e9mence, autonomie fonctionnelle, \u00e9chelle d&rsquo;observation, pharmacog\u00e9riatrie, d\u00e9pendance, d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration cognitive, Crichton Royal, ECDEU, psychom\u00e9trie clinique.<\/p>\n<h2>Auteurs<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;\u00e9chelle a \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7ue et formalis\u00e9e par :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Dr R. A. Robinson<\/strong>, m\u00e9decin psychiatre et consultant g\u00e9riatrique au Crichton Royal Hospital, Dumfries, \u00c9cosse, Royaume-Uni. R. A. Robinson fut l&rsquo;un des premiers cliniciens \u00e0 militer pour une approche empirique et quantifi\u00e9e des th\u00e9rapies g\u00e9riatriques actives au sein des asiles et h\u00f4pitaux psychiatriques britanniques d&rsquo;apr\u00e8s-guerre.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Diffusion institutionnelle<\/strong> : L&rsquo;\u00e9chelle a \u00e9t\u00e9 largement diss\u00e9min\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;international gr\u00e2ce aux travaux de standardisation men\u00e9s par <strong>William Guy<\/strong> et la division de psychopharmacologie clinique du <em>National Institute of Mental Health<\/em> (NIMH), dans le cadre du projet <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Psychopharmacology\">ECDEU Assessment Manual<\/a> en 1976.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Objectif<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;objectif fondamental de l&rsquo;\u00c9chelle d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation g\u00e9riatrique de Crichton (CRICHT) est de quantifier de mani\u00e8re objective, syst\u00e9matique et reproductible le niveau de fonctionnement comportemental, physique et psychologique des patients \u00e2g\u00e9s institutionnalis\u00e9s en psychiatrie ou admis dans des unit\u00e9s de soins g\u00e9riatriques aigus et chroniques. Dans les ann\u00e9es 1960, le d\u00e9veloppement de la psychog\u00e9riatrie moderne n\u00e9cessitait le passage d&rsquo;une nosographie purement descriptive \u00e0 des outils m\u00e9trologiques capables de mesurer l&rsquo;impact r\u00e9el des interventions th\u00e9rapeutiques sur la vie quotidienne des patients.<\/p>\n<p>Historiquement, les instruments de mesure psychiatriques classiques (comme les premi\u00e8res \u00e9chelles de d\u00e9pression ou d&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7ues pour de jeunes adultes) s&rsquo;av\u00e9raient inadapt\u00e9s aux populations \u00e2g\u00e9es pr\u00e9sentant des intrications complexes de troubles cognitifs, de d\u00e9pendance physique et de comorbidit\u00e9s psychiatriques. Le CRICHT a \u00e9t\u00e9 sp\u00e9cifiquement structur\u00e9 pour r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 trois imp\u00e9ratifs majeurs :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>L&rsquo;\u00e9valuation pr\u00e9- et post-th\u00e9rapeutique<\/strong> : Permettre aux \u00e9quipes m\u00e9dicales et de recherche de mesurer avec pr\u00e9cision l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 ou l&rsquo;\u00e9chec des traitements pharmacologiques (notamment les vasodilatateurs c\u00e9r\u00e9braux, les premiers neuroleptiques, les r\u00e9gulateurs de l&rsquo;humeur et les stimulants m\u00e9taboliques) ainsi que des th\u00e9rapies non m\u00e9dicamenteuses (ergoth\u00e9rapie, kin\u00e9sith\u00e9rapie, r\u00e9activation sociale).<\/li>\n<li><strong>La surveillance clinique longitudinale<\/strong> : Offrir au personnel soignant une grille de lecture standardis\u00e9e pour suivre l&rsquo;\u00e9volution naturelle du d\u00e9clin neurod\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratif ou, \u00e0 l&rsquo;inverse, rep\u00e9rer des \u00e9pisodes de d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration aigu\u00eb (tels que des \u00e9tats confusionnels surajout\u00e9s ou des infections intercurrentes).<\/li>\n<li><strong>La planification de la charge en soins<\/strong> : Fournir aux administrateurs hospitaliers et aux cadres infirmiers un indicateur synth\u00e9tique de la d\u00e9pendance physique et comportementale, facilitant l&rsquo;allocation appropri\u00e9e des ressources humaines selon que le patient n\u00e9cessite une simple supervision ou une assistance totale pour les activit\u00e9s quotidiennes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sur le plan clinique, l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle se distingue par son approche pragmatique : elle ne n\u00e9cessite pas la passation active de tests psychologiques par un patient potentiellement non coop\u00e9rant ou confus. Elle repose exclusivement sur l&rsquo;observation structur\u00e9e des conduites manifestes et des interactions observ\u00e9es sur une p\u00e9riode d\u00e9finie, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement par l&rsquo;\u00e9quipe soignante qui c\u00f4toie le patient dans son milieu de vie.<\/p>\n<h2>Construit psychologique<\/h2>\n<p>Le construit mesur\u00e9 par le CRICHT est le <strong>fonctionnement comportemental g\u00e9riatrique global<\/strong> (<em>Geriatric Behavioral Functioning<\/em>). Ce macro-construit englobe l&rsquo;interaction bidirectionnelle entre l&rsquo;int\u00e9grit\u00e9 neurocognitive, l&rsquo;autonomie motrice \u00e9l\u00e9mentaire et l&rsquo;adaptation affective et sociale. L&rsquo;\u00e9chelle d\u00e9compose ce fonctionnement en 11 dimensions sp\u00e9cifiques :<\/p>\n<h3>1. Mobilit\u00e9 (Mobility)<\/h3>\n<p>Cette dimension \u00e9value l&rsquo;ind\u00e9pendance locomotrice du sujet. Le gradient s&rsquo;\u00e9tend d&rsquo;une marche enti\u00e8rement autonome et sans aide technique jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 l&rsquo;alitement complet ou l&rsquo;\u00e9tat grabataire, en passant par la marche avec canne, la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d&rsquo;un soutien physique par une tierce personne ou l&rsquo;usage du fauteuil roulant sous contrainte soignante.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Orientation (Orientation)<\/h3>\n<p>Elle appr\u00e9cie les rep\u00e8res temporo-spatiaux et la reconnaissance d&rsquo;autrui dans l&rsquo;environnement imm\u00e9diat du service hospitalier. Le p\u00f4le normal correspond \u00e0 une parfaite connaissance des lieux, des heures de routine et du personnel soignant, tandis que le p\u00f4le le plus d\u00e9t\u00e9rior\u00e9 refl\u00e8te une d\u00e9sorientation totale et constante, le patient \u00e9tant incapable d&rsquo;identifier son lit ou ses soignants.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Communication (Communication)<\/h3>\n<p>Cette dimension mesure la clart\u00e9 de l&rsquo;expression verbale, la compr\u00e9hension mutuelle et la r\u00e9tention d&rsquo;informations \u00e9l\u00e9mentaires. Les niveaux d&rsquo;alt\u00e9ration vont de la parole fluide et intelligible avec r\u00e9tention optimale jusqu&rsquo;au mutisme complet, au jargon incompr\u00e9hensible ou \u00e0 l&rsquo;incapacit\u00e9 absolue d&rsquo;enregistrer la moindre consigne.<\/p>\n<h3>4. Coop\u00e9ration (Co-operation)<\/h3>\n<p>L&rsquo;item quantifie l&rsquo;attitude du patient face aux actes de soins quotidiens et aux requ\u00eates du personnel. Le continuum va d&rsquo;une collaboration spontan\u00e9e et chaleureuse \u00e0 une r\u00e9sistance active, voire violente ou hostile, entravant l&rsquo;administration des traitements ou l&rsquo;habillage.<\/p>\n<h3>5. Agitation \/ D\u00e9ambulation (Restlessness)<\/h3>\n<p>Cette dimension \u00e9value l&rsquo;hyperactivit\u00e9 motrice, la d\u00e9ambulation erratique et l&rsquo;instabilit\u00e9 motrice diurne ou nocturne. Le spectre d\u00e9bute par un comportement calme et adapt\u00e9, pour culminer dans une agitation motrice permanente, \u00e9puisante et potentiellement dangereuse pour le patient lui-m\u00eame ou son entourage.<\/p>\n<h3>6. Habillage (Dressing)<\/h3>\n<p>Composante cl\u00e9 des activit\u00e9s \u00e9l\u00e9mentaires de la vie quotidienne (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Activities_of_daily_living\">ADL<\/a>), cet item jauge la capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 choisir ses v\u00eatements, \u00e0 les enfiler dans l&rsquo;ordre appropri\u00e9 et \u00e0 g\u00e9rer les fermetures sans aucune assistance ext\u00e9rieure, jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 l&rsquo;incapacit\u00e9 totale imposant un habillage int\u00e9gral par le soignant.<\/p>\n<h3>7. Alimentation (Feeding)<\/h3>\n<p>Cette composante observe la fa\u00e7on dont le patient s&rsquo;alimente lors des repas : utilisation ad\u00e9quate des couverts, rythme de d\u00e9glutition, app\u00e9tit, jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d&rsquo;une aide partielle (coupe des aliments) ou d&rsquo;une nutrition passive compl\u00e8te \u00e0 la cuill\u00e8re en raison de dysphagie fonctionnelle ou d&rsquo;apraxie.<\/p>\n<h3>8. Continence (Continence)<\/h3>\n<p>L&rsquo;\u00e9valuation porte sur la continence sphinct\u00e9rienne f\u00e9cale et urinaire. Le score oscille entre un contr\u00f4le parfait et volontaire avec utilisation des sanitaires jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 l&rsquo;incontinence double (urinaire et f\u00e9cale) permanente et non consciente.<\/p>\n<h3>9. Sommeil (Sleep)<\/h3>\n<p>Cette dimension mesure la r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 et la qualit\u00e9 du repos nocturne. Elle note l&rsquo;absence de troubles du sommeil, les r\u00e9veils pr\u00e9coces, les difficult\u00e9s d&rsquo;endormissement ou l&rsquo;inversion compl\u00e8te du rythme nycth\u00e9m\u00e9ral avec d\u00e9ambulation nocturne perturbant le repos des autres pensionnaires.<\/p>\n<h3>10. Humeur objective (Objective Mood)<\/h3>\n<p>Il s&rsquo;agit de l&rsquo;\u00e9valuation externe, par l&rsquo;observateur, de l&rsquo;\u00e9tat affectif manifest\u00e9 par le patient (mimique, pleurs, rires inappropri\u00e9s, apathie profonde, irritabilit\u00e9, repli sur soi). Le clinicien rel\u00e8ve si l&rsquo;humeur apparente est \u00e9quilibr\u00e9e, d\u00e9pressive ou au contraire anormalement euphorique.<\/p>\n<h3>11. Humeur subjective (Subjective Mood)<\/h3>\n<p>Compl\u00e9mentaire de l&rsquo;item pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent, cette dimension capture le ressenti interne exprim\u00e9 spontan\u00e9ment par le patient ou obtenu par questionnement simple concernant son bien-\u00eatre affectif, son sentiment d&rsquo;inutilit\u00e9, de tristesse ou d&rsquo;angoisse.<\/p>\n<h2>Cadre th\u00e9orique<\/h2>\n<p>Le d\u00e9veloppement du CRICHT s&rsquo;inscrit au carrefour de la <strong>psychiatrie clinique descriptive<\/strong>, de la <strong>g\u00e9rontologie sociale<\/strong> et de l&rsquo;<strong>essor de la psychopharmacologie g\u00e9riatrique<\/strong> des ann\u00e9es 1950-1970. Avant cette p\u00e9riode, la psychiatrie hospitali\u00e8re abordait souvent la vieillesse sous un angle fataliste d&rsquo;incurabilit\u00e9 biologique li\u00e9 \u00e0 la d\u00e9mence s\u00e9nile ou \u00e0 l&rsquo;art\u00e9rioscl\u00e9rose c\u00e9r\u00e9brale. Des pionniers britanniques comme R. A. Robinson \u00e0 Dumfries, mais aussi Sir Martin Roth \u00e0 Newcastle, ont r\u00e9volutionn\u00e9 ce paradigme en d\u00e9montrant que les syndromes psychiatriques chez les personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es se divisent en entit\u00e9s curables (telles que la d\u00e9pression tardive) et en affections neurod\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives progressives qui peuvent n\u00e9anmoins b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier de soins palliatifs et fonctionnels actifs.<\/p>\n<p>Le cadre th\u00e9orique de Robinson postule que chez le sujet \u00e2g\u00e9 fragilis\u00e9, le degr\u00e9 de dysfonctionnement n&rsquo;est pas uniquement le reflet d&rsquo;une l\u00e9sion anatomique c\u00e9r\u00e9brale isol\u00e9e, mais r\u00e9sulte d&rsquo;une <strong>sommation dynamique<\/strong> entre le d\u00e9clin cognitif, les limitations musculo-squelettiques, l&rsquo;\u00e9tat affectif et la r\u00e9ponse de l&rsquo;environnement institutionnel. Ce mod\u00e8le biopsychosocial avant la lettre accorde une place centrale aux manifestations comportementales observables (comportement adaptatif). Plut\u00f4t que de reposer sur des concepts psychodynamiques intrapsychiques inaccessibles chez des sujets tr\u00e8s d\u00e9t\u00e9rior\u00e9s, Robinson a privil\u00e9gi\u00e9 une approche n\u00e9o-b\u00e9havioriste et fonctionnelle, inspir\u00e9e par les d\u00e9buts des sciences du comportement appliqu\u00e9es \u00e0 la m\u00e9decine.<\/p>\n<p>Cette perspective th\u00e9orique a \u00e9t\u00e9 ult\u00e9rieurement formalis\u00e9e par les travaux de <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/M._Powell_Lawton\">M. Powell Lawton<\/a> sur la comp\u00e9tence \u00e9cologique et le mod\u00e8le de pression environnementale (<em>environmental press model<\/em>). Selon cette conception, \u00e0 mesure que les comp\u00e9tences fonctionnelles fondamentales (mobilit\u00e9, continence, habillage) s&rsquo;amenuisent, l&rsquo;individu devient hyper-d\u00e9pendant des stimuli et des aides de son microsyst\u00e8me hospitalier. Le CRICHT capte pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment cette interface critique o\u00f9 la perte cognitive se traduit en d\u00e9pendance instrumentale et relationnelle.<\/p>\n<h2>Validit\u00e9<\/h2>\n<p>La validit\u00e9 psychom\u00e9trique du CRICHT a \u00e9t\u00e9 explor\u00e9e \u00e0 travers diff\u00e9rentes approches m\u00e9thodologiques, notamment lors de son inclusion dans le protocole am\u00e9ricain ECDEU (Guy, 1976) et dans diverses \u00e9tudes cliniques europ\u00e9ennes comparatives.<\/p>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 de contenu et d&rsquo;apparence<\/h3>\n<p>L&rsquo;\u00e9chelle pr\u00e9sente une validit\u00e9 de contenu reconnue par les sp\u00e9cialistes de la g\u00e9riatrie. Les 11 domaines s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9s couvrent l&rsquo;int\u00e9gralit\u00e9 des champs de comp\u00e9tence essentiels \u00e0 la survie et \u00e0 l&rsquo;interaction au sein d&rsquo;une unit\u00e9 de soins de longue dur\u00e9e. Les d\u00e9finitions des ancres d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation (de 1 \u00e0 5) correspondent directement \u00e0 des comportements cliniques familiers aux \u00e9quipes soignantes (ex. incontinence f\u00e9cale occasionnelle versus permanente ; marche autonome versus besoin d&rsquo;aide de deux soignants).<\/p>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 convergente<\/h3>\n<p>Le score global au CRICHT montre des corr\u00e9lations mod\u00e9r\u00e9es \u00e0 tr\u00e8s \u00e9lev\u00e9es avec d&rsquo;autres \u00e9chelles d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation g\u00e9riatriques renomm\u00e9es :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Une corr\u00e9lation de Pearson de l&rsquo;ordre de <em>r<\/em> = 0,70 \u00e0 0,85 a \u00e9t\u00e9 observ\u00e9e avec la <em>Crichton Royal Behavioural Rating Scale<\/em> modifi\u00e9e et les \u00e9chelles de d\u00e9mence de Roth et de Blessed (<em>Blessed Dementia Scale<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li>Des corr\u00e9lations significatives (<em>r<\/em> variant de 0,60 \u00e0 0,78) ont \u00e9t\u00e9 rapport\u00e9es avec la sous-\u00e9chelle d&rsquo;activit\u00e9s quotidiennes de l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle SCAG (<em>Sandoz Clinical Assessment-Geriatric<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li>La dimension d&rsquo;orientation du CRICHT corr\u00e8le positivement et de mani\u00e8re substantielle avec les tests cognitifs brefs de type <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mini-Mental_State_Examination\">Mini-Mental State Examination<\/a> (MMSE) (corr\u00e9lations inverses compte tenu de la cotation o\u00f9 un score \u00e9lev\u00e9 au CRICHT d\u00e9note une alt\u00e9ration, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement <em>r<\/em> = -0,65 \u00e0 -0,75).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 discriminante et diff\u00e9rentielle<\/h3>\n<p>L&rsquo;instrument d\u00e9montre une excellente capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 diff\u00e9rencier :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Les patients souffrant de troubles de l&rsquo;humeur fonctionnels (d\u00e9pression g\u00e9riatrique sans d\u00e9mence) des patients pr\u00e9sentant des troubles neurocognitifs majeurs (maladie d&rsquo;<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alzheimer%27s_disease\">Alzheimer<\/a> ou d\u00e9mence vasculaire). Les patients d\u00e9prim\u00e9s pr\u00e9sentent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement des scores \u00e9lev\u00e9s sur les items d&rsquo;humeur, mais pr\u00e9servent des scores proches de 1 ou 2 sur les items de continence, de mobilit\u00e9 et d&rsquo;alimentation.<\/li>\n<li>Les patients pouvant \u00eatre maintenus en milieu ouvert ou r\u00e9habilit\u00e9s \u00e0 domicile de ceux n\u00e9cessitant une prise en charge institutionnelle lourde en unit\u00e9 de soins prolong\u00e9s.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Sensibilit\u00e9 au changement<\/h3>\n<p>Dans les essais th\u00e9rapeutiques g\u00e9riatriques (Guy, 1976), le CRICHT a d\u00e9montr\u00e9 une bonne r\u00e9activit\u00e9 clinique (<em>responsiveness<\/em>) pour capter les modifications subtiles du comportement au cours des programmes de r\u00e9activation psychomotrice et lors des essais pharmacologiques de mol\u00e9cules \u00e0 vis\u00e9e cognitive ou circulatoire c\u00e9r\u00e9brale.<\/p>\n<h2>Fid\u00e9lit\u00e9<\/h2>\n<p>Bien que formalis\u00e9 \u00e0 une \u00e9poque o\u00f9 les normes psychom\u00e9triques contemporaines n&rsquo;\u00e9taient pas aussi rigides qu&rsquo;aujourd&rsquo;hui, le CRICHT a b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 d&rsquo;\u00e9valuations de fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 syst\u00e9matiques au cours des d\u00e9cennies 1970 et 1980.<\/p>\n<h3>Fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 inter-juges<\/h3>\n<p>La fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 inter-juges constitue la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 m\u00e9trologique la plus cruciale pour une \u00e9chelle d&rsquo;h\u00e9t\u00e9ro-\u00e9valuation comportementale. Lorsqu&rsquo;elle est compl\u00e9t\u00e9e de mani\u00e8re ind\u00e9pendante par deux infirmiers ou soignants form\u00e9s ayant observ\u00e9 le m\u00eame patient sur une p\u00e9riode de 48 \u00e0 72 heures, les coefficients de corr\u00e9lation intraclasse (CCI) ou les coefficients de corr\u00e9lation des rangs de Spearman se situent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement entre <strong>0,75 et 0,92<\/strong> pour le score total.<\/p>\n<p>Les items physiques et objectifs (mobilit\u00e9, continence, alimentation, habillage) obtiennent les coefficients de concordance les plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s (fr\u00e9quemment sup\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 0,85). En revanche, les items n\u00e9cessitant une inf\u00e9rence subjective plus prononc\u00e9e (humeur objective, humeur subjective, coop\u00e9ration) affichent des accords inter-\u00e9valuateurs l\u00e9g\u00e8rement plus modestes, oscillant habituellement entre 0,65 et 0,78.<\/p>\n<h3>Consistance interne<\/h3>\n<p>La consistance interne de l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle, telle qu&rsquo;\u00e9valu\u00e9e par le coefficient <strong>alpha de Cronbach<\/strong>, varie selon l&rsquo;h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e9n\u00e9it\u00e9 des \u00e9chantillons cliniques \u00e9tudi\u00e9s. Dans les populations mixtes d&rsquo;unit\u00e9s de psychog\u00e9riatrie (m\u00ealant \u00e9tats d\u00e9mentiels et d\u00e9pressifs), l&rsquo;alpha global se situe le plus souvent entre <strong>0,80 et 0,88<\/strong>, ce qui d\u00e9montre une bonne homog\u00e9n\u00e9it\u00e9 globale de l&rsquo;instrument malgr\u00e9 le caract\u00e8re multidimensionnel des sympt\u00f4mes mesur\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<h3>Fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 test-retest<\/h3>\n<p>Sur un intervalle court (par exemple 7 \u00e0 14 jours) chez des patients g\u00e9riatriques stables n&rsquo;ayant subi aucun ajustement m\u00e9dicamenteux ni \u00e9v\u00e9nement de sant\u00e9 aigu, la corr\u00e9lation test-retest est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement comprise entre <strong>0,82 et 0,89<\/strong>, confirmant la stabilit\u00e9 m\u00e9trologique de la mesure en condition de base.<\/p>\n<h2>Analyse factorielle<\/h2>\n<p>Bien que le travail initial de Robinson (1964) ne comportait pas d&rsquo;analyse factorielle formalis\u00e9e selon les crit\u00e8res algorithmiques modernes, les recherches ult\u00e9rieures \u2014 notamment celles men\u00e9es dans le cadre des protocoles de psychopharmacologie clinique du NIMH et des \u00e9tudes de validation d&rsquo;instruments d\u00e9riv\u00e9s (comme l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle de Stockton ou les \u00e9chelles de comportement du Clifton Assessment) \u2014 ont soumis les 11 items du CRICHT \u00e0 des analyses factorielles exploratoires (AFE) et confirmatoires (AFC).<\/p>\n<p>La majorit\u00e9 des analyses factorielles exploratoires avec rotation varimax mettent en \u00e9vidence une <strong>structure bi-factorielle ou tri-factorielle<\/strong> robuste, expliquant g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement entre 55 % et 68 % de la variance totale :<\/p>\n<h3>Facteur 1 : D\u00e9pendance physique et autonomie fonctionnelle (ADL)<\/h3>\n<p>Ce premier facteur, qui capte la plus grande part de variance (souvent 35 % \u00e0 45 %), regroupe les items li\u00e9s \u00e0 la survie \u00e9l\u00e9mentaire et aux comp\u00e9tences corporelles :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Habillage (saturation &gt; 0,80)<\/li>\n<li>Alimentation (saturation &gt; 0,75)<\/li>\n<li>Continence (saturation &gt; 0,72)<\/li>\n<li>Mobilit\u00e9 (saturation &gt; 0,70)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Facteur 2 : Alt\u00e9ration cognitive et communication sociale<\/h3>\n<p>Ce deuxi\u00e8me facteur (expliquant approximativement 15 % \u00e0 20 % de la variance) traduit le niveau de d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration c\u00e9r\u00e9brale globale et la possibilit\u00e9 de relation interpersonnelle :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Orientation (saturation &gt; 0,78)<\/li>\n<li>Communication (saturation &gt; 0,74)<\/li>\n<li>Coop\u00e9ration (saturation crois\u00e9e avec le facteur affectif, ~0,55)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Facteur 3 : Sympt\u00f4mes comportementaux et affectifs (BPSD \/ SCAD)<\/h3>\n<p>Dans les mod\u00e8les \u00e0 trois facteurs, ce domaine (expliquant 10 % \u00e0 12 % de la variance additionnelle) isole les troubles du comportement perturbateurs et la sph\u00e8re \u00e9motionnelle :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Agitation \/ Instabilit\u00e9 motrice (saturation &gt; 0,70)<\/li>\n<li>Sommeil (saturation &gt; 0,65)<\/li>\n<li>Humeur objective et subjective (saturations entre 0,55 et 0,72)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ces structures factorielles confortent la validit\u00e9 de construit de l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle, d\u00e9montrant que le score composite refl\u00e8te fid\u00e8lement la juxtaposition de composantes motrices, cognitives et thymiques distinctes mais cliniquement imbriqu\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<h2>Instrument de mesure<\/h2>\n<p>Le CRICHT se pr\u00e9sente sous la forme d&rsquo;une grille d&rsquo;h\u00e9t\u00e9ro-\u00e9valuation standardis\u00e9e sur support papier ou informatis\u00e9, remplie par un tiers \u00e9valuateur (infirmier, aide-soignant, ergoth\u00e9rapeute ou m\u00e9decin g\u00e9riatre\/psychiatre).<\/p>\n<h3>Caract\u00e9ristiques techniques<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Type d&rsquo;instrument<\/strong> : \u00c9chelle d&rsquo;h\u00e9t\u00e9ro-\u00e9valuation comportementale clinique (<em>Rating Scale<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Format<\/strong> : 11 items ordinaux.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c9chelle de r\u00e9ponse<\/strong> : \u00c9chelle de type Likert en 5 points (de 1 = normalit\u00e9 \/ fonctionnement parfait, \u00e0 5 = alt\u00e9ration ou d\u00e9faillance totale de la fonction).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dur\u00e9e de cotation<\/strong> : Environ 5 \u00e0 10 minutes par soignant connaissant le patient.<\/li>\n<li><strong>P\u00e9riode de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence<\/strong> : Les observations portent usuellement sur les derni\u00e8res 48 \u00e0 72 heures, voire la semaine \u00e9coul\u00e9e lors des suivis ambulatoires ou d&rsquo;h\u00f4pital de jour.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Population cible<\/strong> : Adultes \u00e2g\u00e9s hospitalis\u00e9s en psychiatrie g\u00e9riatrique, r\u00e9sidents en \u00e9tablissements m\u00e9dico-sociaux (EHPAD \/ USLD) ou patients admis en unit\u00e9 d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation g\u00e9riatrique aigu\u00eb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Cotation et interpr\u00e9tation des scores<\/h3>\n<p>Le score global s&rsquo;obtient par la simple sommation arithm\u00e9tique des scores attribu\u00e9s aux 11 items. Le score total th\u00e9orique s&rsquo;\u00e9tend de <strong>11<\/strong> (autonomie et fonctionnement optimaux dans l&rsquo;ensemble des sph\u00e8res) \u00e0 <strong>55<\/strong> (d\u00e9faillance maximale et d\u00e9pendance absolue dans tous les domaines).<\/p>\n<p>Robinson (1964) a d\u00e9fini des seuils d&rsquo;interpr\u00e9tation clinique bas\u00e9s sur le niveau de d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration globale :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Score de 10 \u00e0 20 (ou 11-20)<\/strong> : <em>D\u00e9t\u00e9rioration l\u00e9g\u00e8re<\/em>. Le patient est globalement autonome, orient\u00e9 et coop\u00e9rant, ne n\u00e9cessitant qu&rsquo;une surveillance \u00e9pisodique ou un soutien discret pour des t\u00e2ches complexes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Score de 21 \u00e0 30<\/strong> : <em>D\u00e9t\u00e9rioration mod\u00e9r\u00e9e<\/em>. Alt\u00e9rations significatives de l&rsquo;autonomie et\/ou d\u00e9sorientation partielle, n\u00e9cessitant une assistance r\u00e9guli\u00e8re pour l&rsquo;habillage, la surveillance de la continence et l&rsquo;encadrement des conduites sociales.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Score sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 31 (&gt; 31)<\/strong> : <em>D\u00e9t\u00e9rioration s\u00e9v\u00e8re<\/em>. D\u00e9pendance majeure, grabatisation fr\u00e9quente, troubles sphinct\u00e9riens r\u00e9guliers ou perte de contact verbal, justifiant une prise en charge institutionnelle lourde et continue.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Permissions, Tarifs et Ann\u00e9e du test<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ann\u00e9e de d\u00e9veloppement initial<\/strong> : 1964 (Robinson, R. A.). Standardisation internationale : 1976 (ECDEU Assessment Manual).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Propri\u00e9t\u00e9 et droits d&rsquo;auteur<\/strong> : L&rsquo;\u00e9chelle originale de Robinson a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9e au sein du domaine acad\u00e9mique et m\u00e9dical public britannique puis diffus\u00e9e via les manuels de l&rsquo;ECDEU financ\u00e9s par le gouvernement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral des \u00c9tats-Unis (<em>US Department of Health, Education and Welfare<\/em>). \u00c0 ce titre, elle fait partie int\u00e9grante du domaine public historique de la recherche m\u00e9dicale.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tarifs \/ Co\u00fbt<\/strong> : Gratuit (aucun co\u00fbt d&rsquo;acquisition ou de redevance commerciale pour une utilisation acad\u00e9mique, clinique ou p\u00e9dagogique).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Conditions d&rsquo;utilisation<\/strong> : Libre d&rsquo;acc\u00e8s pour les chercheurs, les universitaires et les praticiens cliniques. La citation de la publication historique de Robinson (1964) ou du manuel de Guy (1976) est requise lors des publications scientifiques.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Guy, W. (1976). <em>ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology<\/em> (Revised ed., pp. 612). US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, National Institute of Mental Health, Psychopharmacology Research Branch. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/e591322011-001\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/e591322011-001<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Robinson, R. A. (1964). <em>The assessment of behavioral functioning in elderly psychiatric patients<\/em>. In R. A. Robinson (Ed.), Geriatric Treatment Program Reports. Dumfries: Crichton Royal Hospital.<\/li>\n<li>Lawton, M. P., &amp; Brody, E. M. (1969). Assessment of older people: Self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living. <em>The Gerontologist<\/em>, 9(3_Part_1), 179-186. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/geront\/9.3_part_1.179\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/geront\/9.3_part_1.179<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Blessed, G., Tomlinson, B. E., &amp; Roth, M. (1968). The association between quantitative measures of dementia and of senile change in the cerebral grey matter of elderly subjects. <em>The British Journal of Psychiatry<\/em>, 114(512), 797-811. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.114.512.797\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.114.512.797<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Shader, R. I., Harmatz, J. S., &amp; Salzman, C. (1974). A new scale for evaluating the elderly: The Sandoz Clinical Assessment-Geriatric (SCAG). <em>Journal of the American Geriatrics Society<\/em>, 22(3), 107-113. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1974.tb02096.x\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1974.tb02096.x<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Questions et items du questionnaire<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-items-container\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:12px; margin:28px 0; overflow:hidden; box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.03);\">\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-notice\" style=\"direction:ltr; text-align:left; background:#f8fafc; border-bottom:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:14px 20px; font-size:13.5px; color:#475569; font-weight:500;\">\n    Voici les items originaux de l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle tels que publi\u00e9s dans les \u00e9tudes psychom\u00e9triques de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, sans modification ni traduction, afin de pr\u00e9server la validit\u00e9 et la fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;instrument :\n  <\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-english-box\" style=\"direction:ltr; text-align:left; padding:20px 24px; font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size:14.5px; color:#1e293b; line-height:1.7;\">\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-instructions\" style=\"background:#f1f5f9; border-left:4px solid #64748b; border-radius:0 8px 8px 0; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:16px; font-size:13.5px; color:#334155;\">\n      <strong style=\"color:#0f172a;\">Instructions \/ Directions:<\/strong> Rate the patient across the 11 areas based on observation over the assessment period. For each item, select the score from 1 (normality) to 5 (complete failure of function) that best describes the patient&#039;s typical functioning.\n    <\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-response-format\" style=\"background:#eff6ff; border-left:4px solid #3b82f6; border-radius:0 8px 8px 0; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:14px; font-size:13.5px; color:#1e40af;\">\n      <strong style=\"color:#1e3a8a;\">Response Scale:<\/strong> 5-point observer rating scale (1 = normality to 5 = complete failure\/deterioration)\n    <\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Mobility:<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">2<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[1] Fully ambulant including stairs<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">3<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[2] Usually independent<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[3] Walks with help<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">5<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[4] Sits in chair unaided<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">6<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[5] Bedfast<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">2<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Orientation:<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">3<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[1] Fully oriented in ward and identifies persons correctly<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[2] Oriented in ward only<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">5<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[3] Disoriented in ward, knows staff<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">6<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[4] Disoriented in ward, does not know staff<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">7<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[5] Completely disoriented<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">3<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Communication:<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[1] Always clear, retains information<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">5<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[2] Can indicate needs, understands simple directions, can deal with simple information<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">6<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[3] Understands simple information, cannot indicate needs<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">7<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[4] Cannot understand, speaks occasionally<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">8<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[5] Cannot understand, lost ability to speak<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Co-operation:<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">5<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[1] Actively co-operative<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">6<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[2] Passively co-operative<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">7<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[3] Requires frequent encouragement and persuasion<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">8<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[4] Rejects assistance, shows resentment<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">9<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[5] Completely unco-operative or actively resists<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">5<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Restlessness:<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">6<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[1] None<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">7<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[2] Intermittent<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">8<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[3] Persistent by day<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">9<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[4] Persistent by day and night<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">10<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[5] Constant and severe<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">6<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Dressing:<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">7<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[1] Correct<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">8<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[2] Untidy<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">9<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[3] Mistakes (e.g. wrong clothes, buttons misplaced)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">10<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[4] A Little help required<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">11<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[5] Completely unable to dress<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">7<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Feeding:<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">8<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[1] Correct, unassisted<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">9<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[2] Untidy, unassisted<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">10<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[3] Assisted, feeds self<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">11<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[4] Must be fed completely<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">12<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[5] Refuses food or tube fed<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">8<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Continence:<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">9<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[1] Fully continent<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">10<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[2] Occasional nocturnal accidents<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">11<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[3] Frequent nocturnal accidents<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">12<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[4] Incontinent by day and night (urine)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">13<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[5] Incontinent of urine and faeces<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">9<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Sleep:<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">10<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[1] Normal<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">11<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[2] Intermittent insomnia<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">12<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[3] Sleeps with sedative<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">13<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[4] Restless with sedative<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">14<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[5] Severe insomnia \/ complete breakdown of sleep rhythm<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">10<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Mood &#8211; Objective:<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">11<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[1] Normal \/ appropriate<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">12<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[2] Apathetic \/ flat<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">13<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[3] Depressed \/ tearful<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">14<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[4] Agitated \/ anxious<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">15<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[5] Euphoric \/ hypomanic or grossly inappropriate<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">11<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Mood &#8211; Subjective:<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">12<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[1] Cheerful \/ content<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">13<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[2] Neutral \/ indifferent<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">14<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[3] Depressed \/ miserable<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">15<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[4] Anxious \/ fearful<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px;\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">16<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">[5] Agonised \/ suicidal \/ extremely distressed<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Analyse psychom\u00e9trique d\u00e9taill\u00e9e de l&rsquo;\u00c9chelle d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation g\u00e9riatrique de Crichton (CRICHT; Robinson, 1964) : fondements th\u00e9oriques, dimensions, validit\u00e9, fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 et grille d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation comportementale.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[388,84,2],"tags":[717,26989,26990,683,26991,760,12305],"class_list":["post-17459","psych_scale","type-psych_scale","status-publish","hentry","category-echelles-cliniques","category-gerontologie","category-psychometrie","tag-autonomie","tag-cricht","tag-crichton-geriatric-rating-scale","tag-demence","tag-ecdeu","tag-evaluation-geriatrique","tag-psychogeriatrie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale\/17459","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/psych_scale"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17459"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale\/17459\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17460,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale\/17459\/revisions\/17460"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17459"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17459"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17459"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}