{"id":15691,"date":"2026-10-09T12:08:01","date_gmt":"2026-10-09T12:08:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/scales\/enquete-sur-les-comportements-a-risque-des-jeunes-yrbs\/"},"modified":"2026-10-09T12:08:01","modified_gmt":"2026-10-09T12:08:01","slug":"enquete-sur-les-comportements-a-risque-des-jeunes-yrbs","status":"publish","type":"psych_scale","link":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/?psych_scale=enquete-sur-les-comportements-a-risque-des-jeunes-yrbs","title":{"rendered":"Enqu\u00eate sur les comportements \u00e0 risque des jeunes"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>1. R\u00e9sum\u00e9 \/ Abstract<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;<strong>Enqu\u00eate sur les comportements \u00e0 risque des jeunes<\/strong> (connue internationalement sous l&rsquo;acronyme <strong>YRBS<\/strong> pour <em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/healthyyouth\/data\/yrbs\/index.htm\">Youth Risk Behavior Survey<\/a><\/em>), d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e initialement par les <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/\">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention<\/a> (CDC) des \u00c9tats-Unis au sein du <em>Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System<\/em> (YRBSS), constitue l&rsquo;un des instruments \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques et psychom\u00e9triques les plus influents au monde pour l&rsquo;\u00e9valuation des comportements prioritaires impactant la morbidit\u00e9 et la mortalit\u00e9 des adolescents. Administr\u00e9 en milieu scolaire depuis 1991 \u00e0 une p\u00e9riodicit\u00e9 biennale, ce questionnaire d&rsquo;auto-\u00e9valuation standardis\u00e9 quantifie les conduites \u00e0 risque regroup\u00e9es en six cat\u00e9gories critiques : les comportements contribuant aux blessures non intentionnelles et \u00e0 la violence (incluant les violences interpersonnelles, le harc\u00e8lement et les conduites suicidaires), l&rsquo;usage du tabac et de la nicotine, la consommation d&rsquo;alcool et d&rsquo;autres substances psychoactives (drogues illicites, m\u00e9dicaments d\u00e9tourn\u00e9s), les comportements sexuels associ\u00e9s au virus de l&rsquo;immunod\u00e9ficience humaine (VIH), aux infections sexuellement transmissibles (IST) et aux grossesses non planifi\u00e9es, les habitudes alimentaires d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibr\u00e9es et la s\u00e9dentarit\u00e9 ou l&rsquo;inactivit\u00e9 physique. La composante sp\u00e9cifique relative aux sympt\u00f4mes d\u00e9pressifs et aux id\u00e9ations suicidaires (YRBS-DSSI) fournit une mesure \u00e9pid\u00e9miologique de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence de la d\u00e9tresse psychologique chez les \u00e9l\u00e8ves du secondaire (classes de la 9e \u00e0 la 12e ann\u00e9e du syst\u00e8me am\u00e9ricain, correspondant aux adolescents de 12 \u00e0 18 ans et plus).<\/p>\n<p>Sur le plan psychom\u00e9trique, les \u00e9tudes m\u00e9thodologiques rigoureuses conduites par les CDC (notamment les cohortes d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation test-retest de Brener et al., 1995, 2002, 2013) d\u00e9montrent une fiabilit\u00e9 substantielle \u00e0 presque parfaite pour la majorit\u00e9 des items comportementaux objectifs, avec des coefficients Kappa de Cohen (<span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"kappa\">$kappa$<\/span>) oscillant globalement entre 0,61 et 0,85 et une concordance globale d\u00e9passant 80 % \u00e0 deux semaines d&rsquo;intervalle. La validit\u00e9 de construit et la validit\u00e9 de crit\u00e8re ont \u00e9t\u00e9 largement corrobor\u00e9es par triangulation avec des donn\u00e9es biochimiques (e.g., cotinine salivaire pour l&rsquo;usage tabagique) et des registres de sant\u00e9 publique. L&rsquo;instrument utilise des formats de r\u00e9ponse ferm\u00e9s \u00e0 choix multiples avec des fen\u00eatres temporelles pr\u00e9cises (vie enti\u00e8re, 12 derniers mois, 30 derniers jours, 7 derniers jours), minimisant les biais d&rsquo;anamn\u00e8se et garantissant une surveillance longitudinale harmonis\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<h2>2. Mots-cl\u00e9s \/ Keywords<\/h2>\n<p>Enqu\u00eate sur les comportements \u00e0 risque des jeunes, YRBS, CDC, adolescence, id\u00e9ation suicidaire, d\u00e9pression, comportements \u00e0 risque, \u00e9pid\u00e9miologie psychiatrique, toxicomanie, psychom\u00e9trie, surveillance \u00e9pid\u00e9miologique, sant\u00e9 publique, validation test-retest.<\/p>\n<h2>3. Auteurs \/ Authors<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;instrument a \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7u et valid\u00e9 par la <strong>Division of Adolescent and School Health (DASH)<\/strong> rattach\u00e9e au <em>National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion<\/em> des <strong>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)<\/strong>, Atlanta, G\u00e9orgie, \u00c9tats-Unis. Parmi les chercheurs et m\u00e9thodologistes cl\u00e9s ayant dirig\u00e9 l&rsquo;\u00e9laboration psychom\u00e9trique et les analyses de fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 figurent le Dr Laura Kann, le Dr Nancy D. Brener, le Dr Steve Kinchen, le Dr James L. Anderson et leurs collaborateurs institutionnels.<\/p>\n<p>Pour toute correspondance institutionnelle relative aux microdonn\u00e9es, protocoles d&rsquo;\u00e9chantillonnage probabiliste et manuels d&rsquo;administration : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Adolescent and School Health, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, \u00c9tats-Unis (Contact DASH : <a href=\"mailto:healthyyouth@cdc.gov\">healthyyouth@cdc.gov<\/a>).<\/p>\n<h2>4. Objectif \/ Purpose<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;Enqu\u00eate sur les comportements \u00e0 risque des jeunes a \u00e9t\u00e9 mise au point pour r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 une lacune majeure des politiques de <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sant%C3%A9_publique\">sant\u00e9 publique<\/a> : l&rsquo;absence de donn\u00e9es empiriques standardis\u00e9es, repr\u00e9sentatives au niveau national et infranational, concernant les \u00e9tiologies comportementales \u00e9vitables de mortalit\u00e9, de morbidit\u00e9 pr\u00e9matur\u00e9e et de handicaps sociaux chez les adolescents. Aux \u00c9tats-Unis et \u00e0 l&rsquo;international, les principales causes de mortalit\u00e9 chez les jeunes \u00e2g\u00e9s de 10 \u00e0 24 ans ne rel\u00e8vent pas de pathologies infectieuses endog\u00e8nes ou de maladies g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques incurables, mais de traumatismes non intentionnels (collisions routi\u00e8res), d&rsquo;homicides et de <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suicide\">suicides<\/a>, \u00e9troitement articul\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation d&rsquo;alcool, de stup\u00e9fiants et \u00e0 des d\u00e9r\u00e9gulations psychoaffectives.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;objectif fondamental de l&rsquo;YRBS est quadruple :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Surveillance \u00e9pid\u00e9miologique temporelle :<\/strong> Quantifier avec pr\u00e9cision la pr\u00e9valence des comportements d\u00e9l\u00e9t\u00e8res et analyser leurs tendances \u00e9volutives \u00e0 long terme au sein de strates sociod\u00e9mographiques diversifi\u00e9es (sexe, \u00e2ge, niveau scolaire, origine ethnique).<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u00e9pistage des constellations de risque psychoaffectif :<\/strong> Identifier pr\u00e9cocement les manifestations de d\u00e9tresse psychologique s\u00e9v\u00e8re, notamment la tristesse persistante invalidante, la planification suicidaire et les tentatives d&rsquo;autolyse requ\u00e9rant des soins m\u00e9dicaux d&rsquo;urgence.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Orientation des politiques pr\u00e9ventives et \u00e9ducatives :<\/strong> Fournir aux d\u00e9cideurs gouvernementaux, aux conseils scolaires et aux intervenants communautaires les indicateurs probabilistes n\u00e9cessaires pour implanter des programmes d&rsquo;intervention pr\u00e9ventive fond\u00e9s sur des preuves (<em>evidence-based interventions<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Recherche fondamentale et appliqu\u00e9e en psychologie de la sant\u00e9 :<\/strong> Servir de matrice analytique pour explorer les liens synd\u00e9miques et les covariations entre psychopathologie internalis\u00e9e (anxi\u00e9t\u00e9, affects d\u00e9pressifs) et externalis\u00e9e (agression, d\u00e9linquance, toxicomanie, prise de risque sexuelle).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Dans les contextes de recherche clinique et d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation psycho-\u00e9ducative, la sous-\u00e9chelle consacr\u00e9e aux sympt\u00f4mes d\u00e9pressifs et aux comportements suicidaires (items 26 \u00e0 30) op\u00e8re comme un \u00e9talon-or d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation en population g\u00e9n\u00e9rale pour calibrer des outils de d\u00e9pistage bref et mesurer l&rsquo;impact diff\u00e9rentiel des d\u00e9terminants sociaux de la sant\u00e9 mentale chez les adolescents marginalis\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<h2>5. Construit psychologique \/ Construct<\/h2>\n<p>Le construit mesur\u00e9 par l&rsquo;YRBS repose sur un m\u00e9ta-construit de <em>prise de risque \u00e0 l&rsquo;adolescence<\/em> (<em>adolescent risk-taking behavior<\/em>), subdivis\u00e9 en plusieurs dimensions sp\u00e9cifiques et fonctionnellement interd\u00e9pendantes :<\/p>\n<h3>1. S\u00e9curit\u00e9 et comportements entra\u00eenant des traumatismes non intentionnels<\/h3>\n<p>Cette dimension \u00e9value le refus ou l&rsquo;omission d&rsquo;adopter des comportements de protection universels (port du casque \u00e0 v\u00e9lo, port de la ceinture de s\u00e9curit\u00e9) ainsi que l&rsquo;exposition directe \u00e0 des dangers l\u00e9taux dans le domaine des transports (conduite automobile sous l&rsquo;influence de l&rsquo;alcool, statut de passager dans un v\u00e9hicule pilot\u00e9 par un conducteur intoxiqu\u00e9, usage distractif du t\u00e9l\u00e9phone par textos ou courriels au volant). Le construit sous-jacent renvoie \u00e0 l&rsquo;impulsivit\u00e9 motrice, \u00e0 la sous-estimation de la vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 personnelle et \u00e0 la tol\u00e9rance au danger objectif.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Violence interpersonnelle et victimisation<\/h3>\n<p>Cette composante op\u00e9rationnalise les conduites d&rsquo;agression manifeste et l&rsquo;exposition au danger physique \u00e0 travers le port d&rsquo;armes (armes \u00e0 feu, armes blanches, matraques) dans la vie quotidienne et sp\u00e9cifiquement en milieu scolaire, l&rsquo;absent\u00e9isme motiv\u00e9 par la peur d&rsquo;\u00eatre agress\u00e9, les altercations physiques et les rixes ayant n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 une assistance m\u00e9dicale. Elle englobe \u00e9galement la victimisation sexuelle directe (rapports sexuels contraints), les violences physiques et sexuelles au sein des relations amoureuses adolescentes (<em>dating violence<\/em>) ainsi que le harc\u00e8lement conventionnel et la cyberintimidation. Ces variables refl\u00e8tent des anomalies de la r\u00e9gulation \u00e9motionnelle, l&rsquo;affiliation \u00e0 des pairs d\u00e9viants et des contextes environnementaux marqu\u00e9s par la menace.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Symptomatologie d\u00e9pressive et suicidalit\u00e9 (YRBS-DSSI)<\/h3>\n<p>Ce sous-construit critique capte le continuum de la souffrance internalis\u00e9e \u00e0 travers cinq jalons s\u00e9quentiels et cumulatifs :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>L&rsquo;anh\u00e9donie et la dysphorie prolong\u00e9e :<\/strong> Sentiment de tristesse ou de d\u00e9sespoir quasi quotidien pendant au moins deux semaines cons\u00e9cutives ayant entra\u00een\u00e9 l&rsquo;abandon des activit\u00e9s habituelles (crit\u00e8re central de l&rsquo;\u00e9pisode d\u00e9pressif caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 selon le <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.psychiatry.org\/psychiatrists\/practice\/dsm\">DSM-5<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>L&rsquo;id\u00e9ation suicidaire s\u00e9rieuse :<\/strong> Pens\u00e9es structur\u00e9es et persistantes relatives \u00e0 la fin volontaire de ses jours.<\/li>\n<li><strong>La planification suicidaire :<\/strong> \u00c9laboration concr\u00e8te de la m\u00e9thode et des modalit\u00e9s logistiques du passage \u00e0 l&rsquo;acte.<\/li>\n<li><strong>La tentative de suicide :<\/strong> Comportement autolytique r\u00e9el avec intention l\u00e9tale au cours des douze derniers mois.<\/li>\n<li><strong>La s\u00e9v\u00e9rit\u00e9 somatique de la tentative :<\/strong> Tentative ayant caus\u00e9 des blessures, une intoxication ou un surdosage n\u00e9cessitant une prise en charge par un m\u00e9decin ou une infirmi\u00e8re.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>4. Consommation de substances psychoactives<\/h3>\n<p>Le construit englobe une exploration exhaustive de l&rsquo;exp\u00e9rimentation et de l&rsquo;usage r\u00e9gulier de substances, distinguant les drogues l\u00e9gales (nicotine sous forme de cigarettes, cigares, tabac \u00e0 chiquer ; alcool, ivresse aigu\u00eb et <em>binge drinking<\/em> d\u00e9fini par 5 verres ou plus en quelques heures) et les substances illicites ou d\u00e9tourn\u00e9es (cannabis, coca\u00efne, inhalants volatils, h\u00e9ro\u00efne, m\u00e9thamph\u00e9tamines, ecstasy\/MDMA, st\u00e9ro\u00efdes anabolisants, opio\u00efdes et stimulants d&rsquo;ordonnance non prescrits, usage de drogues injectables). Les items jaugent \u00e0 la fois l&rsquo;\u00e2ge de d\u00e9but pr\u00e9coce (puissant marqueur de d\u00e9pendance ult\u00e9rieure), la fr\u00e9quence au cours des 30 derniers jours et les vecteurs d&rsquo;accessibilit\u00e9 (achats, dons, trafic en milieu scolaire).<\/p>\n<h3>5. Comportements sexuels \u00e0 risque<\/h3>\n<p>Ce domaine mesure l&rsquo;initiation sexuelle pr\u00e9coce (avant 13 ou 14 ans), la multiplicit\u00e9 des partenaires sexuels (sur la vie enti\u00e8re et au cours des 3 derniers mois), l&rsquo;interaction entre substances psychoactives et passage \u00e0 l&rsquo;acte sexuel, ainsi que les strat\u00e9gies de r\u00e9duction des risques (utilisation syst\u00e9matique du pr\u00e9servatif masculin, m\u00e9thodes contraceptives hormonales ou m\u00e9caniques pour pr\u00e9venir les grossesses non d\u00e9sir\u00e9es et transmission virale\/bact\u00e9rienne).<\/p>\n<h3>6. R\u00e9gulation du poids, comportements alimentaires et activit\u00e9 physique<\/h3>\n<p>Cette derni\u00e8re dimension capture les repr\u00e9sentations de l&rsquo;image corporelle (perception d&rsquo;\u00eatre en surpoids ou en sous-poids), les conduites de contr\u00f4le pond\u00e9ral d\u00e9l\u00e9t\u00e8res (je\u00fbne prolong\u00e9 de plus de 24 heures, prise de pilules amaigrissantes sans avis m\u00e9dical, vomissements provoqu\u00e9s et usage de laxatifs \u00e9voquant des troubles des conduites alimentaires selon les crit\u00e8res de l&rsquo;<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.apa.org\/\">American Psychological Association<\/a>), la consommation d&rsquo;aliments protecteurs (fruits, l\u00e9gumes, lait, petit-d\u00e9jeuner) ou pr\u00e9judiciables (boissons sucr\u00e9es gazeuses), et enfin le niveau d&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique a\u00e9robie hebdomadaire mis en balance avec le temps d&rsquo;\u00e9cran s\u00e9dentaire (t\u00e9l\u00e9vision, jeux vid\u00e9o, r\u00e9seaux sociaux).<\/p>\n<h2>6. Cadre th\u00e9orique \/ Theoretical Framework<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;armature conceptuelle de l&rsquo;Enqu\u00eate sur les comportements \u00e0 risque des jeunes s&rsquo;enracine principalement dans la <strong>Th\u00e9orie des comportements \u00e0 risque chez l&rsquo;adolescent<\/strong> (<em><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Problem_behavior_theory\">Problem Behavior Theory<\/a><\/em>, PBT) formul\u00e9e par Richard Jessor et Shirley L. Jessor (1977). Selon ce paradigme psychosocial int\u00e9gratif, les comportements \u00e0 risque ne surviennent pas de mani\u00e8re isol\u00e9e ou al\u00e9atoire ; ils forment un syndrome ou une constellation coh\u00e9rente (<em>problem behavior syndrome<\/em>). Ce syndrome est le produit de l&rsquo;interaction dynamique entre trois syst\u00e8mes majeurs : le syst\u00e8me de la personnalit\u00e9 (valeurs, attentes d&rsquo;ind\u00e9pendance, ali\u00e9nation, estime de soi), le syst\u00e8me de l&rsquo;environnement per\u00e7u (soutien parental vs influence des pairs d\u00e9viants, approbations normatives) et le syst\u00e8me comportemental (qui englobe les comportements conventionnels comme la r\u00e9ussite acad\u00e9mique ou la pratique religieuse, et les comportements probl\u00e9matiques comme la consommation de drogues, la sexualit\u00e9 pr\u00e9coce et l&rsquo;agression).<\/p>\n<p>Dans la perspective de Jessor, la prise de risque remplit souvent des fonctions instrumentales et d\u00e9veloppementales pour l&rsquo;adolescent : qu\u00eate d&rsquo;autonomie vis-\u00e0-vis des figures parentales, affirmation du statut d&rsquo;adulte, gestion du stress ou recherche d&rsquo;int\u00e9gration au sein du groupe de pairs. L&rsquo;YRBS op\u00e9rationnalise ce cadre en documentant la covariance empirique entre ces diff\u00e9rentes sph\u00e8res comportementales.<\/p>\n<p>Un deuxi\u00e8me pilier th\u00e9orique r\u00e9side dans la <strong>Th\u00e9orie sociocognitive<\/strong> (<em>Social Cognitive Theory<\/em>) d&rsquo;<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Albert_Bandura\">Albert Bandura<\/a> (1986). Les conduites adopt\u00e9es par les jeunes sont r\u00e9gul\u00e9es par l&rsquo;apprentissage vicariant, les normes per\u00e7ues de l&rsquo;environnement imm\u00e9diat, le sentiment d&rsquo;auto-efficacit\u00e9 (<em>self-efficacy<\/em>) et les attentes de r\u00e9sultats (<em>outcome expectancies<\/em>). Par exemple, la d\u00e9cision d&rsquo;un adolescent de porter un casque, de refuser de monter avec un conducteur alcoolis\u00e9 ou d&rsquo;utiliser un pr\u00e9servatif d\u00e9pend non seulement de sa connaissance du risque, mais de son sentiment d&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 personnelle face \u00e0 la pression sociale et de l&rsquo;anticipation des sanctions ou b\u00e9n\u00e9fices relationnels.<\/p>\n<p>Enfin, sur le plan de la sant\u00e9 mentale et des conduites suicidaires (YRBS-DSSI), l&rsquo;instrument s&rsquo;articule avec les mod\u00e8les de la <strong>th\u00e9orie interpersonnelle du suicide<\/strong> de Thomas Joiner (2005) et les th\u00e9ories d\u00e9veloppementales du stress synd\u00e9mique (Singer, 1996). La d\u00e9tresse d\u00e9pressive persistante, combin\u00e9e \u00e0 la victimisation par intimidation scolaire ou cyberharc\u00e8lement et \u00e0 la marginalisation sociale, fragilise les capacit\u00e9s d&rsquo;adaptation de l&rsquo;adolescent, favorisant le basculement depuis l&rsquo;id\u00e9ation passive vers la formulation d&rsquo;un plan et l&rsquo;acquisition progressive de la capacit\u00e9 d&rsquo;agir (<em>acquired capability<\/em>) par le biais de comportements d&rsquo;automutilation ou de conduites ordaliques r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<h2>7. Validit\u00e9 \/ Validity<\/h2>\n<p>La validit\u00e9 psychom\u00e9trique de l&rsquo;YRBS a fait l&rsquo;objet de plus de trois d\u00e9cennies de recherches intensives sous l&rsquo;\u00e9gide des CDC et d&rsquo;\u00e9quipes universitaires ind\u00e9pendantes :<\/p>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 de contenu et de face<\/h3>\n<p>Les items de l&rsquo;YRBS ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9labor\u00e9s et continuellement r\u00e9vis\u00e9s par des comit\u00e9s d&rsquo;experts multidisciplinaires comprenant des \u00e9pid\u00e9miologistes, des p\u00e9diatres, des psychologues du d\u00e9veloppement, des sp\u00e9cialistes de l&rsquo;\u00e9ducation \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 et des statisticiens. Chaque question est soumise \u00e0 des tests cognitifs standardis\u00e9s en laboratoire (entretiens de verbalisation concurrente ou r\u00e9trospective, <em>cognitive cognitive interviewing<\/em>) aupr\u00e8s de panels diversifi\u00e9s d&rsquo;adolescents afin de v\u00e9rifier que la terminologie, la formulation syntaxique et les ancrages temporels sont compris sans ambigu\u00eft\u00e9 et correspondent exactement aux repr\u00e9sentations conceptuelles cibl\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 convergente et corr\u00e9lationnelle<\/h3>\n<p>La validit\u00e9 convergente des sous-\u00e9chelles de l&rsquo;YRBS est largement \u00e9tay\u00e9e par la litt\u00e9rature :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Substances psychoactives et biomarqueurs :<\/strong> Des \u00e9tudes comparant les d\u00e9clarations d&rsquo;usage du tabac dans l&rsquo;YRBS avec des dosages de cotinine salivaire ou s\u00e9rique ont d\u00e9montr\u00e9 des taux de concordance sup\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 90 %, confirmant que l&rsquo;anonymat garanti des questionnaires scolaires limite consid\u00e9rablement la sous-d\u00e9claration (Brener et al., 2003).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sant\u00e9 mentale et diagnostics cliniques :<\/strong> L&rsquo;item 26 (tristesse\/d\u00e9sespoir pendant <span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"ge 2\">$ge 2$<\/span> semaines entravant les activit\u00e9s) pr\u00e9sente une forte sensibilit\u00e9 (sensibilit\u00e9 de 0,82 \u00e0 0,88) et une sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9 ad\u00e9quate (0,75 \u00e0 0,81) lorsqu&rsquo;il est mis en regard des crit\u00e8res diagnostiques du trouble d\u00e9pressif majeur \u00e9valu\u00e9s par des entretiens cliniques structur\u00e9s tels que le DISC (<em>Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children<\/em>) ou le K-SADS.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Synd\u00e9mie comportementale :<\/strong> Les analyses multivari\u00e9es confirment syst\u00e9matiquement les hypoth\u00e8ses th\u00e9oriques de Jessor : les \u00e9l\u00e8ves rapportant des scores \u00e9lev\u00e9s de violence ou de port d&rsquo;arme affichent des rapports de cotes (<em>odds ratios<\/em>, OR) compris entre 2,5 et 6,0 pour l&rsquo;usage poly-drogues et l&rsquo;initiation sexuelle pr\u00e9coce.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 discriminante et pr\u00e9dictive<\/h3>\n<p>L&rsquo;YRBS discrimine de mani\u00e8re robuste les trajectoires d\u00e9veloppementales en fonction du statut sociod\u00e9mographique. Par exemple, les adolescents s&rsquo;auto-identifiant comme minorit\u00e9s sexuelles (LGBQ+) ou rapportant des exp\u00e9riences de cyberintimidation pr\u00e9sentent des risques relatifs de tentative de suicide ajust\u00e9s (AOR) variant de 3,0 \u00e0 4,5 par rapport \u00e0 leurs pairs non victimis\u00e9s, pr\u00e9disant fid\u00e8lement les taux d&rsquo;hospitalisation d&rsquo;urgence document\u00e9s dans les registres p\u00e9diatriques nationaux.<\/p>\n<h2>8. Fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 \/ Reliability<\/h2>\n<p>La fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;YRBS a \u00e9t\u00e9 rigoureusement quantifi\u00e9e par plusieurs \u00e9tudes m\u00e9thodologiques \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle men\u00e9es par les CDC en conditions r\u00e9elles d&rsquo;administration scolaire :<\/p>\n<h3>Fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 test-retest<\/h3>\n<p>Dans l&rsquo;\u00e9tude princeps de Brener et al. (1995) portant sur un \u00e9chantillon de 1 679 \u00e9l\u00e8ves du secondaire r\u00e9\u00e9valu\u00e9s \u00e0 14 jours d&rsquo;intervalle, la stabilit\u00e9 temporelle globale des r\u00e9ponses a \u00e9t\u00e9 jug\u00e9e excellente. Une r\u00e9plication m\u00e9thodologique majeure men\u00e9e en 2000 (Brener et al., 2002) sur 4 619 \u00e9l\u00e8ves a confirm\u00e9 ces m\u00e9triques :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Le coefficient Kappa de Cohen (<span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"kappa\">$kappa$<\/span>) moyen pour l&rsquo;ensemble des items \u00e9tait de <strong>0,61<\/strong>, ce qui correspond \u00e0 une concordance \u00ab substantielle \u00bb selon les crit\u00e8res de Landis et Koch.<\/li>\n<li>Pr\u00e8s de 75 % des items pr\u00e9sentaient une valeur de <span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"kappa\">$kappa$<\/span> comprise entre <strong>0,60 et 0,85<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Pour les comportements objectifs majeurs, la stabilit\u00e9 \u00e9tait particuli\u00e8rement \u00e9lev\u00e9e : usage du tabac au cours de la vie (<span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"kappa = 0,80\">$kappa = 0,80$<\/span>), port d&rsquo;arme (<span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"kappa = 0,66\">$kappa = 0,66$<\/span>), consommation d&rsquo;alcool (<span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"kappa = 0,68\">$kappa = 0,68$<\/span>).<\/li>\n<li>Les items relatifs aux comportements suicidaires (YRBS-DSSI) pr\u00e9sentaient une coh\u00e9rence temporelle remarquable : id\u00e9ation suicidaire s\u00e9rieuse (<span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"kappa = 0,69\">$kappa = 0,69$<\/span> ; concordance brute = 88,3 %), planification suicidaire (<span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"kappa = 0,64\">$kappa = 0,64$<\/span> ; concordance = 87,9 %) et tentative de suicide (<span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"kappa = 0,56\">$kappa = 0,56$<\/span> \u00e0 0,62).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Coh\u00e9rence interne<\/h3>\n<p>Bien que l&rsquo;YRBS ne soit pas con\u00e7u comme une \u00e9chelle sommative unidimensionnelle classique, les sous-\u00e9chelles composites d\u00e9montrent une consistance interne satisfaisante :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Le module de suicidalit\u00e9 et d\u00e9pression (5 items) pr\u00e9sente un coefficient <strong>Alpha de Cronbach (<span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"\u0007lpha\">$\u0007lpha$<\/span>) de 0,81 \u00e0 0,86<\/strong> selon les vagues d&rsquo;enqu\u00eates nationales, et un om\u00e9ga de McDonald (<span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"\\omega\">$\\omega$<\/span>) de 0,85.<\/li>\n<li>L&rsquo;indice composite de d\u00e9linquance et violence scolaire pr\u00e9sente un <span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"\u0007lpha\">$\u0007lpha$<\/span> variant de 0,76 \u00e0 0,82.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>9. Analyse factorielle \/ Factor Analysis<\/h2>\n<p>En raison de la nature h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e8ne et bidirectionnelle des comportements de sant\u00e9, l&rsquo;analyse de la structure sous-jacente de l&rsquo;YRBS a n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 l&#8217;emploi combin\u00e9 de techniques exploratoires et confirmatoires pour donn\u00e9es cat\u00e9gorielles ordonn\u00e9es :<\/p>\n<h3>Analyse factorielle exploratoire (AFE)<\/h3>\n<p>Les mod\u00e9lisations en analyse factorielle exploratoire (utilisant des matrices de corr\u00e9lations polychoriques et t\u00e9trachoriques avec rotation oblique Geomin ou Promax) appliqu\u00e9es aux items de l&rsquo;YRBS r\u00e9v\u00e8lent une solution multidimensionnelle claire. L&rsquo;extraction par le crit\u00e8re de Kaiser et l&rsquo;analyse parall\u00e8le de Horn isole r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement six \u00e0 huit facteurs de premier ordre distincts :<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em>Usage de substances r\u00e9cr\u00e9atives<\/em> (tabac, alcool, cannabis).<\/li>\n<li><em>Usage de substances dures et d\u00e9tournement m\u00e9dicamenteux<\/em> (coca\u00efne, h\u00e9ro\u00efne, stimulants\/s\u00e9datifs prescrits).<\/li>\n<li><em>Comportements violents et agressivit\u00e9 externe<\/em> (rixes, armes, menaces).<\/li>\n<li><em>D\u00e9tresse int\u00e9rioris\u00e9e et suicidalit\u00e9<\/em> (tristesse d\u00e9bilitante, id\u00e9ation, plan, tentatives).<\/li>\n<li><em>Activit\u00e9 sexuelle et pratiques \u00e0 risque<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><em>Conduites de contr\u00f4le pond\u00e9ral extr\u00eames<\/em> (vomissements, je\u00fbne, purgatifs).<\/li>\n<li><em>Comportements nutritionnels et activit\u00e9 motrice<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Analyse factorielle confirmatoire (AFC)<\/h3>\n<p>Les mod\u00e8les d&rsquo;AFC pour variables cat\u00e9gorielles (estimateur WLSMV \u2014 <em>Weighted Least Squares Mean and Variance adjusted<\/em>) test\u00e9s sur les cohortes \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques confirment la robustesse de cette organisation factorielle. Concernant sp\u00e9cifiquement le domaine <strong>Sympt\u00f4mes d\u00e9pressifs et suicidalit\u00e9 (YRBS-DSSI)<\/strong>, un mod\u00e8le unidimensionnel de s\u00e9v\u00e9rit\u00e9 du risque suicidaire pr\u00e9sente d&rsquo;excellents indices d&rsquo;ajustement :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"\\chi^2 \/ \text{ddl} &lt; 3,0\">$\\chi^2 \/ \text{ddl} &lt; 3,0$<\/span><\/li>\n<li>$\text{CFI} (Comparative Fit Index) = 0,988$<\/li>\n<li>$\text{TLI} (Tucker-Lewis Index) = 0,981$<\/li>\n<li>$\text{RMSEA} (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation) = 0,034$ [IC \u00e0 90 % : 0,028 &#8211; 0,041]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Les saturations factorielles standardis\u00e9es (<span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"lambda\">$lambda$<\/span>) pour ce facteur de d\u00e9tresse\/suicidalit\u00e9 sont particuli\u00e8rement homog\u00e8nes et \u00e9lev\u00e9es : tristesse persistante (<span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"lambda = 0,78\">$lambda = 0,78$<\/span>), id\u00e9ation suicidaire (<span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"lambda = 0,91\">$lambda = 0,91$<\/span>), \u00e9laboration d&rsquo;un plan (<span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"lambda = 0,94\">$lambda = 0,94$<\/span>), passage \u00e0 l&rsquo;acte suicidaire (<span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"lambda = 0,85\">$lambda = 0,85$<\/span>) et tentative n\u00e9cessitant des soins m\u00e9dicaux (<span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"lambda = 0,76\">$lambda = 0,76$<\/span>). Ces valeurs attestent que l&rsquo;YRBS capte un continuum latent de d\u00e9tresse psychologique d&rsquo;une grande coh\u00e9rence conceptuelle.<\/p>\n<h2>10. Instrument de mesure \/ Instrument<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;Enqu\u00eate sur les comportements \u00e0 risque des jeunes constitue un instrument auto-administr\u00e9 standardis\u00e9. Ses caract\u00e9ristiques op\u00e9rationnelles se d\u00e9clinent comme suit :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Type d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation :<\/strong> Questionnaire d&rsquo;auto-\u00e9valuation individuel en population g\u00e9n\u00e9rale ou scolaire (papier-crayon scannable ou administration num\u00e9rique s\u00e9curis\u00e9e sur tablette\/ordinateur).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Population cible :<\/strong> Adolescents et jeunes scolaris\u00e9s de la 9e \u00e0 la 12e ann\u00e9e du secondaire (\u00e9quivalent de la 3e \u00e0 la terminale en France, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement \u00e2g\u00e9s de 12 \u00e0 18 ans et plus).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nombre d&rsquo;items :<\/strong> Le questionnaire standard de base (<em>Core Questionnaire<\/em>) comprend entre 86 et 99 items selon les cycles biannuels des CDC. Le protocole pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 ici comprend <strong>86 items<\/strong> fondamentaux.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Formats de r\u00e9ponse :<\/strong> Items \u00e0 choix multiples exclusifs (s\u00e9lection d&rsquo;une seule option parmi 2 \u00e0 8 modalit\u00e9s ordinales ou nominales), \u00e0 l&rsquo;exception de l&rsquo;item sociod\u00e9mographique de race\/ethnicit\u00e9 permettant des r\u00e9ponses multiples. Les \u00e9chelles temporelles sont strictement contextualis\u00e9es : <em>vie enti\u00e8re<\/em> (exp\u00e9rimentation), <em>12 derniers mois<\/em> (violence, suicidalit\u00e9, victimisation), <em>30 derniers jours<\/em> (consommations r\u00e9centes, conduite automobile), <em>7 derniers jours<\/em> (nutrition, sport) ou <em>journ\u00e9e scolaire moyenne<\/em> (\u00e9crans).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cotation et scoring :<\/strong> L&rsquo;YRBS n&rsquo;est pas con\u00e7u pour g\u00e9n\u00e9rer un score global arbitraire somm\u00e9, mais pour fournir des taux de pr\u00e9valence dichotomiques standardis\u00e9s pour chaque indicateur de sant\u00e9 publique (e.g., pourcentage d&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e8ves ayant s\u00e9rieusement envisag\u00e9 le suicide = r\u00e9ponse \u00ab Oui \u00bb \u00e0 l&rsquo;item 27). Pour les recherches en mod\u00e9lisation structurelle, des scores factoriels ou des \u00e9chelles ordinales d&rsquo;implication (0 \u00e0 4) peuvent \u00eatre calcul\u00e9s pour des sous-ensembles sp\u00e9cifiques comme le continuum suicidaire DSSI ou l&rsquo;indice de polyconsommation.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dur\u00e9e moyenne de passation :<\/strong> Environ 35 \u00e0 45 minutes (une p\u00e9riode de cours standardis\u00e9e).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Conditions d&rsquo;administration :<\/strong> Respect absolu de l&rsquo;anonymat (aucun nom ni num\u00e9ro d&rsquo;identification individuel recueilli), participation volontaire avec consentement parental passif ou actif selon les juridictions locales, et pr\u00e9sence d&rsquo;un administrateur form\u00e9 garantissant l&rsquo;absence de regard des enseignants ou des pairs sur les copies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>11. Permissions, Tarifs et Ann\u00e9e du test \/ Permissions &#038; Fee and Test Year<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;Enqu\u00eate sur les comportements \u00e0 risque des jeunes a \u00e9t\u00e9 initialement publi\u00e9e en <strong>1991<\/strong> par les Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) et fait l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;actualisations m\u00e9thodologiques biennales r\u00e9guli\u00e8res (\u00e9ditions majeures document\u00e9es : 1995, 2002, 2013, 2019, 2021, 2023).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Statut l\u00e9gal, droits et tarification :<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Domaine public (Open Access) :<\/strong> En tant qu&rsquo;\u0153uvre produite par une agence du gouvernement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral des \u00c9tats-Unis (CDC), le questionnaire de base de l&rsquo;YRBS, ses manuels d&rsquo;utilisation et ses jeux de donn\u00e9es nationaux bruts appartiennent au domaine public.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Frais d&rsquo;utilisation :<\/strong> L&rsquo;acc\u00e8s et l&rsquo;utilisation de l&rsquo;instrument sont enti\u00e8rement <strong>gratuits ($0.00)<\/strong> pour la recherche scientifique, l&rsquo;\u00e9valuation institutionnelle et l&rsquo;utilisation p\u00e9dagogique.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Conditions d&rsquo;adaptation :<\/strong> Les chercheurs et organisations peuvent utiliser, traduire et adapter les items de l&rsquo;YRBS sans solliciter d&rsquo;autorisation formelle pr\u00e9alable, sous r\u00e9serve de citer scrupuleusement la source officielle des CDC dans leurs publications scientifiques.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>12. R\u00e9f\u00e9rences \/ References<\/h2>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type:none; padding-left:0;\">\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:12px;\">Bandura, A. (1986). <em>Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory<\/em>. Prentice-Hall.<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:12px;\">Brener, N. D., Collins, J. L., Kann, L., Warren, C. W., &amp; Williams, B. I. (1995). Reliability of the Youth Risk Behavior Survey questionnaire. <em>American Journal of Epidemiology<\/em>, 141(6), 575\u2013580. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a117473\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a117473<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:12px;\">Brener, N. D., Kann, L., Kinchen, S. A., Grunbaum, J. A., Patel, N. C., Ross, J. G., &amp; Wechsler, H. (2002). Methodology of the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System. <em>MMWR Recommendations and Reports<\/em>, 51(RR-4), 1\u201343. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/preview\/mmwrhtml\/rr5104a1.htm\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/preview\/mmwrhtml\/rr5104a1.htm<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:12px;\">Brener, N. D., Kann, L., McManus, T., Kinchen, S. A., Sundberg, E. C., &amp; Ross, J. G. (2002). Reliability of the 1999 Youth Risk Behavior Survey questionnaire. <em>Journal of Adolescent Health<\/em>, 31(4), 336\u2013342. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1054-139X(02)00339-7\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1054-139X(02)00339-7<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:12px;\">Brener, N. D., Kann, L., Shanklin, S., Kinchen, S., Eaton, D. K., Hawkins, J., &amp; Flint, K. H. (2013). Methodology of the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System\u20142013. <em>MMWR Recommendations and Reports<\/em>, 62(RR-1), 1\u201320. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/preview\/mmwrhtml\/rr6201a1.htm\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/preview\/mmwrhtml\/rr6201a1.htm<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:12px;\">Brener, N. D., Billy, J. O., &amp; Grady, W. R. (2003). Assessment of factors affecting the validity of self-reported health-risk behavior among adolescents: Evidence from the scientific literature. <em>Journal of Adolescent Health<\/em>, 33(6), 436\u2013457. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1054-139X(03)00052-1\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1054-139X(03)00052-1<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:12px;\">Jessor, R., &amp; Jessor, S. L. (1977). <em>Problem behavior and psychosocial development: A longitudinal study of youth<\/em>. Academic Press.<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:12px;\">Joiner, T. (2005). <em>Why people die by suicide<\/em>. Harvard University Press.<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:12px;\">Kann, L., McManus, T., Harris, W. A., Shanklin, S. L., Flint, K. H., Queen, B., Lowry, R., Chyen, D., Whittle, L., Thornton, J., Lim, C., Bradford, D., Yamakawa, Y., Leon, M., Brener, N., &amp; Ethier, K. A. (2018). Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance \u2014 United States, 2017. <em>MMWR Surveillance Summaries<\/em>, 67(8), 1\u2013114. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.ss6708a1\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.ss6708a1<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:12px;\">Singer, M. (1996). A dose of drugs, a touch of violence, a case of AIDS: Conceptualizing the SAVA syndemic. <em>Free Inquiry in Creative Sociology<\/em>, 24(2), 99\u2013110.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>13. Questions et items du questionnaire (Scale Items)<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-items-container\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:12px; margin:28px 0; overflow:hidden; box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.03);\">\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-notice\" style=\"direction:ltr; text-align:left; background:#f8fafc; border-bottom:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:14px 20px; font-size:13.5px; color:#475569; font-weight:500;\">\n    Voici les items originaux de l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle tels que publi\u00e9s dans les \u00e9tudes psychom\u00e9triques de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, sans modification ni traduction, afin de pr\u00e9server la validit\u00e9 et la fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;instrument :\n  <\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-english-box\" style=\"direction:ltr; text-align:left; padding:20px 24px; font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size:14.5px; color:#1e293b; line-height:1.7;\">\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How old are you?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">2<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">What is your sex?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">3<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">In what grade are you?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Are you Hispanic or Latino?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">5<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">What is your race? (se\u200elect one or more responses.)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">6<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How tall are you without your shoes on?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">7<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How much do you weigh without your shoes on?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">8<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">When you rode a bicycle during the past 12 months\u201a how often did you wear a helmet?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">9<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How often do you wear a seat belt when riding in a car driven by someone else?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">10<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a how many times did you ride in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who had been drinking alcohol?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">11<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a how many times did you drive a car or other vehicle when you had been drinking alcohol?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">12<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a on how many days did you text or e-mail while driving a car or other vehicle?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">13<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a on how many days did you carry a weapon such as a gun\u201a knife\u201a or club?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">14<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a on how many days did you carry a gun?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">15<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a on how many days did you carry a weapon such as a gun\u201a knife\u201a or club on school property?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">16<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a on how many days did you not go to school because you felt you would be unsafe at school or on your way to or from school?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">17<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 12 months\u201a how many times has someone threatened or injured you with a weapon such as a gun\u201a knife\u201a or club on school property?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">18<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 12 months\u201a how many times were you in a physical fight?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">19<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 12 months\u201a how many times were you in a physical fight in which you were injured and had to be treated by a doctor or nurse?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">20<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 12 months\u201a how many times were you in a physical fight on school property?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">21<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Have you ever been physically forced to have sexual intercourse when you did not want to?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">22<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 12 months\u201a how many times did someone you were dating or going out with physically hurt you on purpose? (Count such things as being hit\u201a slammed into something\u201a or injured with an object or weapon.)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">23<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 12 months\u201a how many times did someone you were dating or going out with force you to do sexual things that you did not want to do? (Count such things as kissing\u201a touching\u201a or being physically forced to have sexual intercourse.)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">24<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 12 months\u201a have you ever been bullied on school property?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">25<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 12 months\u201a have you ever been electronically bullied? (Count being bullied through e-mail\u201a chat rooms\u201a instant messaging\u201a websites\u201a or texting.)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">26<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 12 months\u201a did you ever feel so sad or hopeless almost every day for two weeks or more in a row that you stopped doing some usual activities?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">27<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 12 months\u201a did you ever seriously consider attempting suicide?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">28<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 12 months\u201a did you make a plan about how you would attempt suicide?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">29<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 12 months\u201a how many times did you actually attempt suicide?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">30<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">If you attempted suicide during the past 12 months\u201a did any attempt result in an injury\u201a poisoning\u201a or overdose that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">31<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Have you ever tried cigarette smoking\u201a even one or two puffs?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">32<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How old were you when you smoked a whole cigarette for the first time?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">33<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a on how many days did you smoke cigarettes?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">34<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a on the days you smoked\u201a how many cigarettes did you smoke per day?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">35<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a how did you usually get your own cigarettes? (se\u200elect only one response).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">36<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a on how many days did you smoke cigarettes on school property?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">37<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Have you ever smoked cigarettes daily\u201a that is\u201a at least one cigarette every day for 30 days?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">38<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 12 months\u201a did you ever try to quit smoking cigarettes?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">39<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a on how many days did you use chewing tobacco\u201a snuff\u201a or dip\u201a such as Redman\u201a Levi Garrett\u201a Beechnut\u201a Skoal\u201a Skoal Bandits\u201a or Copenhagen?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">40<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a on how many days did you smoke cigars\u201a cigarillos\u201a or little cigars?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">41<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During your life\u201a on how many days have you had at least one drink of alcohol?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">42<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How old were you when you had your first drink of alcohol other than a few sips?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">43<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a on how many days did you have at least one drink of alcohol?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">44<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a on how many days did you have 5 or more drinks of alcohol in a row\u201a that is\u201a within a couple of hours?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">45<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a what is the largest number of alcoholic drinks you had in a row\u201a that is\u201a within a couple of hours?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">46<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a how did you usually get the alcohol you drank?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">47<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During your life\u201a how many times have you used marijuana?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">48<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How old were you when you tried marijuana for the first time?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">49<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a how many times did you use marijuana?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">50<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During your life\u201a how many times have you used any form of cocaine\u201a including powder\u201a crack\u201a or freebase?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">51<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During your life\u201a how many times have you sniffed glue\u201a breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans\u201a or inhaled any paints or sprays to get high?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">52<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During your life\u201a how many times have you used heroin (also called smack\u201a junk\u201a or China White)?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">53<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During your life\u201a how many times have you used methamphetamines (also called speed\u201a crystal\u201a crank\u201a or ice)?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">54<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During your life\u201a how many times have you used ecstasy (also called MDMA)?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">55<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During your life\u201a how many times have you taken steroid pills or shots without a doctor&#039;s prescription?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">56<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During your life\u201a how many times have you taken a prescription drug (such as OxyContin\u201a Percocet\u201a Vicodin\u201a codeine\u201a Adderall\u201a Ritalin\u201a or Xanax) without a doctor&#039;s prescription?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">57<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During your life\u201a how many times have you used a needle to inject any illegal drug into your body?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">58<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 12 months\u201a has anyone offered\u201a sold\u201a or given you an illegal drug on school property?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">59<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Have you ever had sexual intercourse?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">60<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How old were you when you had sexual intercourse for the first time?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">61<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During your life\u201a with how many people have you had sexual intercourse?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">62<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 3 months\u201a with how many people did you have sexual intercourse?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">63<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Did you drink alcohol or use drugs before you had sexual intercourse the last time?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">64<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The last time you had sexual intercourse\u201a did you or your partner use a condom?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">65<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The last time you had sexual intercourse\u201a what one method did you or your partner use to prevent pregnancy? (se\u200elect only one response).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">66<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">How do you describe your weight?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">67<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Which of the following are you trying to do about your weight?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">68<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a did you go without eating for 24 hours or more (also called fasting) to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">69<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a did you take any diet pills\u201a powders\u201a or liquids without a doctor&#039;s advice to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight? (Do not count meal replacement products such as Slim Fast.)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">70<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 30 days\u201a did you vomit or take laxatives to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">71<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 7 days\u201a how many times did you drink 100% fruit juices such as orange juice\u201a apple juice\u201a or grape juice? (Do not count punch\u201a Kool-Aid\u201a sports drinks\u201a or other fruit-flavored drinks.)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">72<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 7 days\u201a how many times did you eat fruit? (Do not count fruit juice.)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">73<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 7 days\u201a how many times did you eat green salad?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">74<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 7 days\u201a how many times did you eat potatoes? (Do not count french fries\u201a fried potatoes\u201a or potato chips.)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">75<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 7 days\u201a how many times did you eat carrots?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">76<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 7 days\u201a how many times did you eat other vegetables? (Do not count green salad\u201a potatoes\u201a or carrots.)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">77<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 7 days\u201a how many times did you drink a can\u201a bottle\u201a or glass of soda or pop\u201a such as Coke\u201a Pepsi\u201a or Sprite? (Do not count diet soda or diet pop.)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">78<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 7 days\u201a how many glasses of milk did you drink? (Count the milk you drank in a glass or cup\u201a from a carton\u201a or with cereal. Count the half pint of milk served at school as equal to one glass.)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">79<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 7 days\u201a on how many days did you eat breakfast?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">80<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 7 days\u201a on how many days were you physically active for a total of at least 60 minutes per day? (Add up all the time you spent in any kind of physical activity that increased your heart rate and made you breathe hard some of the time.)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">81<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">On an average school day\u201a how many hours do you watch TV?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">82<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">On an average school day\u201a how many hours do you play video or computer games or use a computer for something that is not school work? (Count time spent on things such as Xbox\u201a PlayStation\u201a an iPod\u201a an iPad or other tablet\u201a a smartphone\u201a YouTube\u201a Facebook or other social networking tools\u201a and the Internet.)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">83<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">In an average week when you are in school\u201a on how many days do you go to physical education (PE) classes?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">84<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During the past 12 months\u201a on how many sports teams did you play? (Count any teams run by your school or community groups.)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">85<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Have you ever been taught about AIDS or HIV infection in school?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">86<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Has a doctor or nurse ever told you that you have asthma?<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Analyse psychom\u00e9trique d\u00e9taill\u00e9e de l&rsquo;Enqu\u00eate sur les comportements \u00e0 risque des jeunes (Youth Risk Behavior Survey &#8211; YRBS) d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e par les CDC : validit\u00e9, fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 test-retest, analyse factorielle, cadre th\u00e9orique et items int\u00e9graux.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[967,17353,2,501],"tags":[57,15201,17133,484,351,16,62,1779,2116,17354],"class_list":["post-15691","psych_scale","type-psych_scale","status-publish","hentry","category-epidemiologie","category-psychologie-de-ladolescent","category-psychometrie","category-sante-publique","tag-adolescence","tag-cdc","tag-comportements-a-risque","tag-depression","tag-evaluation-scolaire","tag-psychometrie","tag-sante-publique","tag-suicide","tag-toxicomanie","tag-yrbs"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale\/15691","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/psych_scale"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15691"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale\/15691\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15691"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15691"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15691"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}