{"id":15279,"date":"2026-10-08T19:17:22","date_gmt":"2026-10-08T19:17:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/scales\/questionnaire-personnalite-eysenck-revise-epq-r\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T19:17:22","modified_gmt":"2026-10-08T19:17:22","slug":"questionnaire-personnalite-eysenck-revise-epq-r","status":"publish","type":"psych_scale","link":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/?psych_scale=questionnaire-personnalite-eysenck-revise-epq-r","title":{"rendered":"Questionnaire de Personnalit\u00e9 d&rsquo;Eysenck R\u00e9vis\u00e9 (EPQ-R)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>1. R\u00e9sum\u00e9<\/h2>\n<p>Le <strong>Questionnaire de Personnalit\u00e9 d&rsquo;Eysenck R\u00e9vis\u00e9<\/strong> (<em>Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised<\/em>, <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eysenck_Personality_Questionnaire\">EPQ-R<\/a>) constitue l&rsquo;un des instruments psychom\u00e9triques d&rsquo;auto-\u00e9valuation les plus embl\u00e9matiques et rigoureusement valid\u00e9s dans l&rsquo;histoire de la <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Psychologie_de_la_personnalit%C3%A9\">psychologie diff\u00e9rentielle<\/a>. D\u00e9velopp\u00e9 initialement par Hans J. Eysenck et Sybil B. G. Eysenck en 1975, puis r\u00e9vis\u00e9 avec Paul Barrett en 1985, le questionnaire vise \u00e0 op\u00e9rationnaliser le mod\u00e8le biologique de la personnalit\u00e9 \u00e0 trois facteurs fondamentaux, commun\u00e9ment d\u00e9sign\u00e9 sous l&rsquo;acronyme PEN : l&rsquo;<strong>Extraversion<\/strong> (E), le <strong>N\u00e9vrosisme<\/strong> (N, ou instabilit\u00e9 \u00e9motionnelle) et le <strong>Psychotisme<\/strong> (P, ou duret\u00e9 mentale\/non-conformisme). L&rsquo;instrument int\u00e8gre \u00e9galement une \u00e9chelle de <strong>Mensonge<\/strong> (L, pour <em>Lie scale<\/em>), con\u00e7ue pour quantifier la d\u00e9sirabilit\u00e9 sociale, la conformit\u00e9 conventionnelle et la falsification des r\u00e9ponses.<\/p>\n<p>Dans sa version int\u00e9grale standard, l&rsquo;EPQ-R comprend 100 items formul\u00e9s sous la forme d&rsquo;interrogations comportementales et affectives ferm\u00e9es, appelant un format de r\u00e9ponse dichotomique (\u00ab OUI \u00bb ou \u00ab NON \u00bb). Une version abr\u00e9g\u00e9e (<em>EPQ-R Short Scale<\/em>) de 48 items a \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e pour r\u00e9pondre aux contraintes de temps dans les protocoles de recherche \u00e9pid\u00e9miologique et en milieu clinique. Les analyses psychom\u00e9triques d\u00e9montrent une fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 de coh\u00e9rence interne solide : pour l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle compl\u00e8te, les coefficients alpha de Cronbach oscillent typiquement entre 0,85 et 0,90 pour l&rsquo;Extraversion, 0,85 et 0,88 pour le N\u00e9vrosisme, 0,76 et 0,78 pour le Psychotisme, et 0,79 et 0,82 pour l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle de Mensonge chez les hommes et les femmes. La r\u00e9vision de 1985 a sp\u00e9cifiquement permis de r\u00e9soudre les faiblesses psychom\u00e9triques initiales de l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle de Psychotisme de l&rsquo;EPQ de 1975, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par une forte asym\u00e9trie de distribution et une consistance interne mod\u00e9r\u00e9e. L&rsquo;EPQ-R demeure un instrument de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence mondial pour l&rsquo;exploration des fondements neurobiologiques des traits de personnalit\u00e9, l&rsquo;\u00e9valuation clinique pr\u00e9liminaire, la recherche en psychopathologie et la psychologie du travail.<\/p>\n<h2>2. Mots-cl\u00e9s<\/h2>\n<p>EPQ-R, Questionnaire de Personnalit\u00e9 d&rsquo;Eysenck, Mod\u00e8le PEN, Extraversion, N\u00e9vrosisme, Psychotisme, \u00c9chelle de Mensonge, Psychom\u00e9trie, Diff\u00e9rences individuelles, Biologie de la personnalit\u00e9, \u00c9valuation de la personnalit\u00e9, Coh\u00e9rence interne.<\/p>\n<h2>3. Auteurs<\/h2>\n<p>Le questionnaire a \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7u et valid\u00e9 par une \u00e9quipe de chercheurs de premier plan rattach\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;Institut de Psychiatrie de l&rsquo;Universit\u00e9 de Londres (aujourd&rsquo;hui int\u00e9gr\u00e9 au King&rsquo;s College London) :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Hans J\u00fcrgen Eysenck (1916\u20131997)<\/strong> : Psychologue britannique d&rsquo;origine allemande, professeur titulaire de psychologie \u00e0 l&rsquo;<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kcl.ac.uk\/ioppn\">Institute of Psychiatry<\/a> du King&rsquo;s College London. Il fut l&rsquo;un des psychologues les plus cit\u00e9s du XXe si\u00e8cle, pionnier de l&rsquo;approche dimensionnelle et neurobiologique de la personnalit\u00e9, de la g\u00e9n\u00e9tique comportementale et de la th\u00e9rapie comportementale.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sybil B. G. Eysenck (1927\u20132020)<\/strong> : Psychologue diff\u00e9rentielle et psychom\u00e9tricienne britannique, co-auteure prolifique aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de son \u00e9poux Hans Eysenck. Elle s&rsquo;est particuli\u00e8rement consacr\u00e9e \u00e0 la standardisation transnationale des questionnaires d&rsquo;Eysenck (EPI, EPQ, J-EPQ) \u00e0 travers plus de quarante pays et cultures.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Paul T. Barrett<\/strong> : Psychom\u00e9tricien et biostatisticien, collaborateur d&rsquo;Eysenck \u00e0 l&rsquo;Institute of Psychiatry, sp\u00e9cialiste de l&rsquo;analyse factorielle confirmatoire, des techniques de r\u00e9duction dimensionnelle et de la mod\u00e9lisation des \u00e9quations structurelles appliqu\u00e9es aux traits de personnalit\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4. Objectif<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;objectif fondamental de l&rsquo;EPQ-R est d&rsquo;offrir une mesure dimensionnelle parcimonieuse, fiable et valide des traits majeurs qui sous-tendent les variations du comportement humain, enracin\u00e9s dans des structures neurophysiologiques et g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques stables. Contrairement aux approches typologiques cat\u00e9gorielles (telles que le Myers-Briggs Type Indicator) ou aux mod\u00e8les purement lexicaux qui postulent un nombre \u00e9lev\u00e9 de facettes descriptives (comme le 16PF de Cattell), le projet scientifique d&rsquo;Eysenck visait \u00e0 identifier les \u00ab super-facteurs \u00bb orthogonaux de second ordre n\u00e9cessaires et suffisants pour cartographier le ph\u00e9notype de la personnalit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;EPQ-R r\u00e9pond \u00e0 une triple vis\u00e9e scientifique et pragmatique :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Investigation scientifique et th\u00e9orique :<\/strong> L&rsquo;\u00e9chelle permet de tester empiriquement les hypoth\u00e8ses relatives aux bases biologiques de la personnalit\u00e9. Elle sert d&rsquo;ancrage empirique aux th\u00e9ories postulant un lien entre l&rsquo;Extraversion et le niveau d&rsquo;\u00e9veil cortical d\u00e9pendant de la formation r\u00e9ticul\u00e9e ascendante (ARAS), entre le N\u00e9vrosisme et l&rsquo;excitabilit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me limbique (cerveau visc\u00e9ral), et entre le Psychotisme et le fonctionnement neuroendocrinien (notamment les androg\u00e8nes, le m\u00e9tabolisme s\u00e9rotoninergique et dopaminergique).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c9valuation et d\u00e9pistage clinique :<\/strong> Bien que l&rsquo;EPQ-R ne soit pas un manuel diagnostique au sens du <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.psychiatry.org\/psychiatrists\/practice\/dsm\">DSM-5<\/a>, il fournit un profil de vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 dispositionnelle. Des scores extr\u00eamement \u00e9lev\u00e9s en N\u00e9vrosisme signalent une pr\u00e9disposition marqu\u00e9e aux troubles affectifs, aux \u00e9tats d\u00e9pressifs et aux troubles anxieux. Des scores \u00e9lev\u00e9s combin\u00e9s en Psychotisme et en N\u00e9vrosisme constituent des pr\u00e9dicteurs puissants de conduites \u00e0 risque, d&rsquo;impulsivit\u00e9 dysfonctionnelle, de comportements antisociaux ou de troubles de l&rsquo;usage de substances.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Applications \u00e9ducationnelles et professionnelles :<\/strong> L&rsquo;outil est largement exploit\u00e9 pour examiner les styles d&rsquo;apprentissage, la tol\u00e9rance au stress environnemental, le rendement en contexte organisationnel sous haute pression, ainsi que la dynamique des interactions sociales en \u00e9quipe.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>La r\u00e9vision introduite en 1985 (EPQ-R) ciblait un objectif m\u00e9thodologique pr\u00e9cis : rem\u00e9dier \u00e0 l&rsquo;asym\u00e9trie positive prononc\u00e9e de l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle de Psychotisme de l&rsquo;EPQ original (1975), dont la distribution \u00e9tait s\u00e9v\u00e8rement tronqu\u00e9e dans les populations saines, tout en am\u00e9liorant sa fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 psychom\u00e9trique sans alt\u00e9rer les \u00e9chelles \u00e9prouv\u00e9es d&rsquo;Extraversion et de N\u00e9vrosisme.<\/p>\n<h2>5. Construit psychologique<\/h2>\n<p>Le Questionnaire de Personnalit\u00e9 d&rsquo;Eysenck R\u00e9vis\u00e9 conceptualise la structure de la personnalit\u00e9 selon une taxonomie hi\u00e9rarchique : des actes sp\u00e9cifiques forment des habitudes de comportement, qui s&rsquo;agr\u00e8gent en traits primaires, lesquels se structurent \u00e0 leur tour en super-facteurs de second ordre (types ou dimensions fondamentales). L&rsquo;EPQ-R op\u00e9rationnalise trois super-facteurs orthogonaux ind\u00e9pendants, compl\u00e9t\u00e9s par une \u00e9chelle de validit\u00e9 du protocole :<\/p>\n<h3>1. Extraversion (E) vs Introversion<\/h3>\n<p>La dimension d&rsquo;<strong>Extraversion<\/strong> \u00e9value le degr\u00e9 d&rsquo;orientation de l&rsquo;\u00e9nergie psychologique vers le monde ext\u00e9rieur, les interactions interpersonnelles et la recherche active de stimulations environnementales. Les individus obtenant un score \u00e9lev\u00e9 (extravertis) sont caract\u00e9ris\u00e9s par la sociabilit\u00e9, l&rsquo;aisance verbale, l&rsquo;expressivit\u00e9 \u00e9motionnelle, l&rsquo;optimisme, l&rsquo;affirmation de soi et une propension \u00e0 prendre des risques. Ils recherchent l&rsquo;effervescence collective et tol\u00e8rent mal la solitude ou l&rsquo;inactivit\u00e9 prolong\u00e9e (ex. Item 6 : <em>\u00ab Are you a talkative person? \u00bb<\/em> ; Item 28 : <em>\u00ab Do you like going out a lot? \u00bb<\/em>). \u00c0 l&rsquo;inverse, les scores faibles (introvertis) traduisent une pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour la r\u00e9serve, la r\u00e9flexion pr\u00e9alable, le calme et la solitude choisie. L&rsquo;introversion ne renvoie pas \u00e0 une pathologie sociale ou \u00e0 de l&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 (qui rel\u00e8ve du N\u00e9vrosisme), mais \u00e0 un seuil d&rsquo;\u00e9veil interne \u00e9lev\u00e9 rendant les surstimulations sensorielles rapidement saturantes.<\/p>\n<h3>2. N\u00e9vrosisme (N) vs Stabilit\u00e9 \u00c9motionnelle<\/h3>\n<p>Le <strong>N\u00e9vrosisme<\/strong> mesure le niveau de labilit\u00e9 affective, de r\u00e9activit\u00e9 \u00e9motionnelle n\u00e9gative et de vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 au stress psychologique. Les sujets \u00e0 score \u00e9lev\u00e9 pr\u00e9sentent une hyperr\u00e9activit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me nerveux autonome : ils rapportent des oscillations d&rsquo;humeur impr\u00e9visibles, une anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 diffuse, des ruminations obsessionnelles, des sentiments de culpabilit\u00e9 fr\u00e9quents, des plaintes psychosomatiques (troubles du sommeil, tensions musculaires) et une tendance \u00e0 r\u00e9agir de mani\u00e8re disproportionn\u00e9e face aux al\u00e9as quotidiens (ex. Item 3 : <em>\u00ab Does your mood often go up and down? \u00bb<\/em> ; Item 38 : <em>\u00ab Are you a worrier? \u00bb<\/em>). Les individus \u00e0 score bas (\u00e9motionnellement stables) font preuve de r\u00e9silience, d&rsquo;\u00e9quanimit\u00e9, de calme sous pression et r\u00e9cup\u00e8rent promptement leur \u00e9quilibre affectif apr\u00e8s un choc \u00e9motionnel.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Psychotisme (P) vs Force de Caract\u00e8re Socialis\u00e9e \/ Normalit\u00e9<\/h3>\n<p>Le <strong>Psychotisme<\/strong>, \u00e9galement conceptualis\u00e9 sous le p\u00f4le positif de \u00ab duret\u00e9 mentale \u00bb (<em>Tough-mindedness<\/em>) versus \u00ab socialisation \u00bb \u00e0 l&rsquo;oppos\u00e9, constitue la dimension la plus controvers\u00e9e et distinctive du mod\u00e8le d&rsquo;Eysenck. Contrairement \u00e0 ce que son appellation psychiatrique pourrait laisser supposer, un score \u00e9lev\u00e9 en Psychotisme n&rsquo;indique pas une psychose clinique d\u00e9clar\u00e9e, mais plut\u00f4t une disposition sous-jacente continue allant d&rsquo;une socialisation harmonieuse jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 des traits de schizotypie et de psychopathie. Les personnes obtenant un score \u00e9lev\u00e9 sont caract\u00e9ris\u00e9es par l&rsquo;insensibilit\u00e9 \u00e9motionnelle, le d\u00e9tachement affectif, l&rsquo;hostilit\u00e9 interpersonnelle, le cynisme, l&rsquo;anticonformisme, le m\u00e9pris des conventions et r\u00e8gles sociales, l&rsquo;\u00e9gocentrisme et une fascination pour les sensations insolites ou p\u00e9rilleuses (ex. Item 25 : <em>\u00ab Would you take drugs which may have strange or dangerous effects? \u00bb<\/em> ; Item 30 : <em>\u00ab Do you enjoy hurting people you love? \u00bb<\/em>). \u00c0 l&rsquo;autre extr\u00e9mit\u00e9, les scores faibles d\u00e9signent des individus empathiques, altruistes, conformistes, coop\u00e9ratifs et soucieux du bien-\u00eatre d&rsquo;autrui.<\/p>\n<h3>4. \u00c9chelle de Mensonge (L &#8211; Lie Scale)<\/h3>\n<p>L&rsquo;\u00e9chelle <strong>L<\/strong> remplit une double fonction psychom\u00e9trique : premi\u00e8rement, elle mesure la tendance du r\u00e9pondant \u00e0 falsifier sciemment ou inconsciemment ses r\u00e9ponses afin de pr\u00e9senter une image socialement irr\u00e9prochable (\u00ab dissimulation \u00bb ou \u00ab d\u00e9sirabilit\u00e9 sociale \u00bb), en revendiquant des comportements vertueux rarissimes (ex. Item 15 : <em>\u00ab If you say you will do something, do you always keep your promise no matter how inconvenient it might be? \u00bb<\/em>) ou en niant des faiblesses humaines universelles (ex. Item 49 : <em>\u00ab Do you sometimes boast a little? \u00bb<\/em>). Deuxi\u00e8mement, chez des populations non incit\u00e9es \u00e0 la manipulation, elle refl\u00e8te un trait de personnalit\u00e9 stable caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par la na\u00efvet\u00e9 sociale, le rigorisme moral et un conformisme authentique.<\/p>\n<h2>6. Cadre th\u00e9orique<\/h2>\n<p>Le cadre th\u00e9orique de l&rsquo;EPQ-R s&rsquo;inscrit au c\u0153ur du paradigme biopsychologique de la personnalit\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hans_Eysenck\">Hans Eysenck<\/a> \u00e0 partir des ann\u00e9es 1940. Ce mod\u00e8le postule que les diff\u00e9rences individuelles fondamentales ne sont pas de simples constructions verbales ou des produits de l&rsquo;apprentissage social, mais qu&rsquo;elles reposent sur des substrats physiologiques, g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques et neurochimiques identifiables.<\/p>\n<h3>Th\u00e9orie de l&rsquo;activation corticale et Extraversion<\/h3>\n<p>Pour expliquer l&rsquo;Extraversion, Eysenck a articul\u00e9 la th\u00e9orie de l&rsquo;inhibition cortico-r\u00e9ticulaire. Selon ce mod\u00e8le, le niveau d&rsquo;extraversion est inversement corr\u00e9l\u00e9 au tonus de base du syst\u00e8me activateur r\u00e9ticulaire ascendant (SARA), qui r\u00e9gule l&rsquo;\u00e9veil cortical (<em>arousal<\/em>). Les introvertis poss\u00e8dent un niveau d&rsquo;\u00e9veil cortical basal naturellement \u00e9lev\u00e9 ; par cons\u00e9quent, ils cherchent \u00e0 minimiser la stimulation environnementale pour \u00e9viter un \u00e9tat de sur-activation d\u00e9sagr\u00e9able (inhibition protectrice transmarginale, concept h\u00e9rit\u00e9 de Pavlov). \u00c0 l&rsquo;inverse, les extravertis souffrent d&rsquo;une sous-activation corticale basale chronique : ils recherchent activement des stimuli sensoriels forts, des sensations nouvelles et des interactions sociales intenses afin d&rsquo;\u00e9lever leur niveau d&rsquo;\u00e9veil vers son optimum fonctionnel.<\/p>\n<h3>Th\u00e9orie de l&rsquo;activation visc\u00e9rale et N\u00e9vrosisme<\/h3>\n<p>Le N\u00e9vrosisme s&rsquo;appuie sur le concept de r\u00e9activit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me lymbique et du syst\u00e8me nerveux autonome (SNA), qualifi\u00e9 par Eysenck de \u00ab cerveau visc\u00e9ral \u00bb. Les individus \u00e0 fort n\u00e9vrosisme pr\u00e9sentent un seuil d&rsquo;activation bas du syst\u00e8me limbique (notamment de l&rsquo;amygdale et de l&rsquo;hypothalamus), ce qui entra\u00eene une r\u00e9action de lutte ou de fuite d\u00e9clench\u00e9e par des stimuli b\u00e9nins et une lenteur marqu\u00e9e \u00e0 retrouver l&rsquo;hom\u00e9ostasie apr\u00e8s un stress. Cette labilit\u00e9 autonome produit l&rsquo;hypersensibilit\u00e9 anxieuse et les sympt\u00f4mes somatiques caract\u00e9ristiques de la dimension N.<\/p>\n<h3>Le mod\u00e8le diath\u00e8se-stress du Psychotisme<\/h3>\n<p>Concernant le Psychotisme, Eysenck a th\u00e9oris\u00e9 l&rsquo;existence d&rsquo;un continuum g\u00e9n\u00e9tique sous-jacent allant de la normalit\u00e9 \u00e0 la psychose maniaco-d\u00e9pressive et \u00e0 la schizophr\u00e9nie, en passant par les troubles de la personnalit\u00e9 psychopathique et borderline. Eysenck a formul\u00e9 l&rsquo;hypoth\u00e8se que la dimension P est sous-tendue par des facteurs hormonaux (taux d&rsquo;androg\u00e8nes comme la testost\u00e9rone) et par une alt\u00e9ration de l&rsquo;activit\u00e9 des monoamines c\u00e9r\u00e9brales (diminution des r\u00e9cepteurs s\u00e9rotoninergiques, hypersensibilit\u00e9 dopaminergique et faible taux de monoamine oxydase plaquettaire, MAO). Le Psychotisme repr\u00e9sente une diath\u00e8se biologique qui, en interaction avec des stresseurs environnementaux s\u00e9v\u00e8res, augmente la probabilit\u00e9 d&rsquo;effondrement psychotique ou de criminalit\u00e9 agressive.<\/p>\n<h2>7. Validit\u00e9<\/h2>\n<p>La validit\u00e9 psychom\u00e9trique de l&rsquo;EPQ-R a fait l&rsquo;objet de centaines de travaux empiriques internationaux couvrant la validit\u00e9 de construit, la validit\u00e9 convergente\/discriminante et la validit\u00e9 pr\u00e9dictive :<\/p>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 de construit et convergente<\/h3>\n<p>Les \u00e9chelles de l&rsquo;EPQ-R d\u00e9montrent des corr\u00e9lations convergentes remarquables avec les instruments majeurs d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation de la personnalit\u00e9 :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>L&rsquo;\u00e9chelle d&rsquo;<strong>Extraversion (E)<\/strong> pr\u00e9sente des corr\u00e9lations positives massives (typiquement <em>r<\/em> = 0,70 \u00e0 0,82) avec l&rsquo;Extraversion mesur\u00e9e par le NEO-PI-R (Costa &amp; McCrae) et le Big Five Inventory (BFI).<\/li>\n<li>L&rsquo;\u00e9chelle de <strong>N\u00e9vrosisme (N)<\/strong> montre une convergence presque parfaite (<em>r<\/em> = 0,75 \u00e0 0,85) avec le facteur N\u00e9vrosisme du NEO-PI-R, l&rsquo;Inventaire d&rsquo;Anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 Trait de Spielberger (STAI-T) et l&rsquo;Inventaire de D\u00e9pression de Beck (BDI).<\/li>\n<li>L&rsquo;\u00e9chelle de <strong>Psychotisme (P)<\/strong> pr\u00e9sente une configuration th\u00e9oriquement coh\u00e9rente au sein du mod\u00e8le en cinq facteurs : elle corr\u00e8le de fa\u00e7on mod\u00e9r\u00e9ment \u00e0 fortement n\u00e9gative avec l&rsquo;<strong>Agr\u00e9abilit\u00e9<\/strong> (<em>r<\/em> = -0,45 \u00e0 -0,60) et avec la <strong>Conscienciosit\u00e9<\/strong> (<em>r<\/em> = -0,30 \u00e0 -0,48) du mod\u00e8le Big Five. Ceci confirme que le Psychotisme d&rsquo;Eysenck capture un m\u00e9lange de d\u00e9sagr\u00e9abilit\u00e9 hostile et de faible scrupulosit\u00e9 d\u00e9sinhib\u00e9e.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 pr\u00e9dictive et crit\u00e8res externes<\/h3>\n<p>La validit\u00e9 pr\u00e9dictive de l&rsquo;EPQ-R a \u00e9t\u00e9 confirm\u00e9e dans une multiplicit\u00e9 de domaines exp\u00e9rimentaux et \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Neurophysiologie :<\/strong> Les recherches en potentiels \u00e9voqu\u00e9s visuels et auditifs (notamment la composante P300) ainsi qu&rsquo;en \u00e9lectroenc\u00e9phalographie (EEG) corroborent de fa\u00e7on constante les pr\u00e9dictions d&rsquo;Eysenck relatives aux variations de l&rsquo;\u00e9veil cortical chez les introvertis et extravertis.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Psychiatrie et criminologie :<\/strong> Les cohortes de d\u00e9tenus multir\u00e9cidivistes et les populations hospitalis\u00e9es pour psychopathie pr\u00e9sentent des scores sur l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle P significativement sup\u00e9rieurs (souvent de plus de 1,5 \u00e9cart-type) \u00e0 ceux des populations t\u00e9moins normatives. Les patients souffrant de troubles d\u00e9pressifs majeurs et de troubles paniques affichent des scores syst\u00e9matiquement \u00e9lev\u00e9s en N.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Addictologie :<\/strong> Des scores \u00e9lev\u00e9s simultan\u00e9ment sur P et N pr\u00e9disent statistiquement le d\u00e9but pr\u00e9coce de l&rsquo;usage de substances psychoactives, la d\u00e9pendance \u00e0 la nicotine et les rechutes addictives.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>8. Fid\u00e9lit\u00e9<\/h2>\n<p>Les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;EPQ-R sont document\u00e9es dans les \u00e9tudes de standardisation princeps d&rsquo;Eysenck, Eysenck et Barrett (1985), men\u00e9es sur de larges \u00e9chantillons normatifs britanniques (plus de 3 000 participants adultes) :<\/p>\n<h3>Coh\u00e9rence interne (Alpha de Cronbach)<\/h3>\n<p>Pour la version standard de 100 items, la coh\u00e9rence interne mesur\u00e9e par le coefficient alpha de Cronbach est la suivante :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Extraversion (E) :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,90 chez les hommes ; &alpha; = 0,85 chez les femmes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>N\u00e9vrosisme (N) :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,88 chez les hommes ; &alpha; = 0,85 chez les femmes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Psychotisme (P) :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,78 chez les hommes ; &alpha; = 0,76 chez les femmes (une progression majeure par rapport \u00e0 l&rsquo;EPQ original de 1975 dont les coefficients chutaient souvent \u00e0 0,65-0,70).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c9chelle de Mensonge (L) :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,82 chez les hommes ; &alpha; = 0,79 chez les femmes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pour la version abr\u00e9g\u00e9e (<em>Short-scale<\/em>, 48 items), les coefficients demeurent particuli\u00e8rement satisfaisants compte tenu de la r\u00e9duction drastique de taille :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Extraversion (E) :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,88 (hommes) ; &alpha; = 0,84 (femmes).<\/li>\n<li><strong>N\u00e9vrosisme (N) :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,84 (hommes) ; &alpha; = 0,88 (femmes).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Psychotisme (P) :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,62 (hommes) ; &alpha; = 0,61 (femmes) (cette baisse refl\u00e8te la difficult\u00e9 psychom\u00e9trique inh\u00e9rente \u00e0 la mesure d&rsquo;un trait h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e8ne avec seulement 12 items).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c9chelle de Mensonge (L) :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,77 (hommes) ; &alpha; = 0,73 (femmes).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Stabilit\u00e9 temporelle (Test-retest)<\/h3>\n<p>Les coefficients de corr\u00e9lation test-retest \u00e0 un intervalle d&rsquo;un mois oscillent entre 0,85 et 0,92 pour l&rsquo;Extraversion et le N\u00e9vrosisme, et entre 0,75 et 0,83 pour le Psychotisme et l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle de Mensonge, attestant de la remarquable stabilit\u00e9 longitudinale des traits mesur\u00e9s \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e2ge adulte.<\/p>\n<h2>9. Analyse factorielle<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;architecture interne de l&rsquo;EPQ-R repose historiquement sur des m\u00e9thodes pouss\u00e9es d&rsquo;<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Analyse_factorielle\">analyse factorielle exploratoire (AFE)<\/a> par composantes principales, compl\u00e9t\u00e9es par des rotations orthogonales de type Promax et Varimax, puis confirm\u00e9es ult\u00e9rieurement par l&rsquo;analyse factorielle confirmatoire (AFC).<\/p>\n<h3>Structure tridimensionnelle et ind\u00e9pendance factorielle<\/h3>\n<p>L&rsquo;examen des valeurs propres (crit\u00e8re de Kaiser et scree plot de Cattell) r\u00e9v\u00e8le invariablement l&rsquo;\u00e9mergence de quatre composantes nettes (les trois dimensions de personnalit\u00e9 E, N, P, accompagn\u00e9es du facteur m\u00e9thodologique L). Les saturations factorielles observ\u00e9es pr\u00e9sentent une grande nettet\u00e9 :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Les items d&rsquo;Extraversion saturent fortement sur leur facteur respectif (valeurs de saturation fr\u00e9quemment sup\u00e9rieures \u00e0 0,50 voire 0,65, telles que l&rsquo;item 6 ou l&rsquo;item 28) avec des saturations crois\u00e9es n\u00e9gligeables (&lt; 0,15) sur les dimensions N et P.<\/li>\n<li>Les items de N\u00e9vrosisme d\u00e9montrent une excellente coh\u00e9rence unifactorielle, saturant massivement sur la composante N (ex. Item 3, Item 13, Item 38 avec des saturations &gt; 0,55).<\/li>\n<li>La r\u00e9vision de 1985 a sp\u00e9cifiquement op\u00e9r\u00e9 une restructuration du facteur Psychotisme : les items qui saturaient conjointement sur le N\u00e9vrosisme ou qui pr\u00e9sentaient de trop faibles saturations sur P ont \u00e9t\u00e9 remplac\u00e9s par des \u00e9nonc\u00e9s ax\u00e9s plus clairement sur la duret\u00e9 \u00e9motionnelle, l&rsquo;impulsivit\u00e9 et la non-conformit\u00e9 (ex. items 25, 30, 37, 50).<\/li>\n<li>L&rsquo;orthogonalit\u00e9 th\u00e9orique postul\u00e9e par Eysenck est globalement respect\u00e9e dans les matrices factorielles, les corr\u00e9lations inter-facteurs entre E, N et P restant tr\u00e8s faibles (|r| g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement &lt; 0,15), d\u00e9montrant que ces traits d\u00e9crivent des dimensions v\u00e9ritablement non corr\u00e9l\u00e9es du fonctionnement humain.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Invariance transculturelle<\/h3>\n<p>Des analyses factorielles men\u00e9es par Barrett, Eysenck et de multiples \u00e9quipes ind\u00e9pendantes dans plus de 35 pays (en Europe, en Asie, en Afrique et dans les Am\u00e9riques) ont employ\u00e9 des coefficients d&rsquo;isomorphisme de Tucker (<em>coefficients of factorial agreement<\/em>). Les valeurs de congruence factorielle d\u00e9passent syst\u00e9matiquement le seuil critique de 0,90, confirmant la r\u00e9plication robuste et quasi universelle de la solution \u00e0 quatre facteurs \u00e0 travers les langues et les cultures.<\/p>\n<h2>10. Instrument de mesure<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;EPQ-R est un questionnaire psychom\u00e9trique structur\u00e9 pr\u00e9sentant les sp\u00e9cifications techniques suivantes :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Type d&rsquo;instrument :<\/strong> Inventaire de personnalit\u00e9 par auto-\u00e9valuation (<em>self-report questionnaire<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Format d&rsquo;administration :<\/strong> Papier-crayon ou passation informatis\u00e9e\/digitale, individuelle ou collective.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dur\u00e9e de passation :<\/strong> Environ 10 \u00e0 15 minutes pour la version int\u00e9grale (100 items) ; 4 \u00e0 6 minutes pour la version abr\u00e9g\u00e9e (48 items).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Public cible :<\/strong> Adultes et adolescents \u00e0 partir de 16 ans (une version junior sp\u00e9cifique, le J-EPQ, est destin\u00e9e aux enfants de 7 \u00e0 15 ans).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Format de r\u00e9ponse :<\/strong> Choix forc\u00e9 dichotomique standardis\u00e9 : <strong>OUI<\/strong> ou <strong>NON<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Composition des items (Version 100 items) :<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Psychotisme (P) :<\/strong> 32 items (13 cot\u00e9s OUI, 19 cot\u00e9s NON)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Extraversion (E) :<\/strong> 23 items (20 cot\u00e9s OUI, 3 cot\u00e9s NON)<\/li>\n<li><strong>N\u00e9vrosisme (N) :<\/strong> 24 items (24 cot\u00e9s OUI, 0 cot\u00e9 NON)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mensonge (L) :<\/strong> 21 items (6 cot\u00e9s OUI, 15 cot\u00e9s NON)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u00e9thode de calcul des scores :<\/strong> Chaque r\u00e9ponse align\u00e9e avec la cl\u00e9 de cotation re\u00e7oit 1 point ; les autres r\u00e9ponses re\u00e7oivent 0 point. Le score brut de chaque sous-\u00e9chelle correspond \u00e0 la somme des points de ses items respectifs. Les scores bruts sont ensuite convertis en notes standardis\u00e9es (notes T ou percentiles) sur la base de tables normatives \u00e9talonn\u00e9es selon le sexe et la tranche d&rsquo;\u00e2ge.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Cl\u00e9 de cotation d\u00e9taill\u00e9e de la version 100 items<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u00c9chelle P (Psychotisme) :<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>OUI : 25, 29, 30, 34, 37, 42, 48, 50, 56, 73, 75, 91, 95<\/li>\n<li>NON : 2, 5, 7, 9, 12, 14, 18, 21, 41, 54, 59, 64, 68, 79, 81, 85, 88, 96, 99<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c9chelle E (Extraversion) :<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>OUI : 1, 6, 11, 16, 20, 28, 36, 40, 45, 51, 55, 58, 61, 63, 67, 69, 72, 78, 90, 94<\/li>\n<li>NON : 24, 33, 47<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c9chelle N (N\u00e9vrosisme) :<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>OUI : 3, 8, 13, 17, 22, 26, 31, 35, 38, 43, 46, 52, 60, 65, 70, 74, 76, 80, 83, 84, 87, 92, 97, 100<\/li>\n<li>NON : Aucun item<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c9chelle L (Mensonge \/ Lie scale) :<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>OUI : 15, 23, 39, 62, 86, 98<\/li>\n<li>NON : 4, 10, 19, 27, 32, 44, 49, 53, 57, 66, 71, 77, 82, 89, 93<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Cl\u00e9 de cotation d\u00e9taill\u00e9e de la version abr\u00e9g\u00e9e (Short-scale, 48 items)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u00c9chelle P (12 items) :<\/strong> OUI : 10, 14, 22, 31, 39 ; NON : 2, 6, 18, 26, 28, 35, 43<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c9chelle E (12 items) :<\/strong> OUI : 3, 7, 11, 15, 19, 23, 32, 36, 44, 48 ; NON : 27, 41<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c9chelle N (12 items) :<\/strong> OUI : 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25, 30, 34, 38, 42, 46 ; NON : Aucun item<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c9chelle L (12 items) :<\/strong> OUI : 4, 16, 45 ; NON : 8, 12, 20, 24, 29, 33, 37, 40, 47<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>11. Permissions, Tarifs et Ann\u00e9e du test<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;ann\u00e9e officielle de publication de la version r\u00e9vis\u00e9e (EPQ-R) est <strong>1985<\/strong>, marqu\u00e9e par l&rsquo;article princeps de Sybil B. G. Eysenck, Hans J. Eysenck et Paul Barrett paru dans la revue <em>Personality and Individual Differences<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Concernant les droits de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 intellectuelle, le copyright historique des questionnaires d&rsquo;Eysenck appartient aux auteurs et \u00e0 leurs ayants droit, initialement distribu\u00e9s sur le plan commercial par Hodder &amp; Stoughton Educational, puis par d&rsquo;autres \u00e9diteurs psychom\u00e9triques internationaux (tels que Pearson Assessment ou EdITS). Toutefois, la communaut\u00e9 scientifique b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie d&rsquo;un usage acad\u00e9mique largement tol\u00e9r\u00e9 pour la recherche non commerciale : les items complets et les normes empiriques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9s int\u00e9gralement dans des revues scientifiques universitaires \u00e0 comit\u00e9 de lecture, rendant le questionnaire librement accessible aux chercheurs, \u00e9tudiants et praticiens \u00e0 des fins d&rsquo;investigation scientifique pure, sous r\u00e9serve de citer scrupuleusement les publications d&rsquo;origine. Pour les utilisations commerciales, en recrutement ou en conseil institutionnel, l&rsquo;acquisition de manuels officiels et de formulaires payants aupr\u00e8s des \u00e9diteurs agr\u00e9\u00e9s demeure requise.<\/p>\n<h2>12. R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Barrett, P. T., Petrides, K. V., Eysenck, S. B. G., &amp; Eysenck, H. J. (1998). The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire: An examination of the factorial similarity of P, E, N, and L across 34 countries. <em>Personality and Individual Differences<\/em>, 25(5), 805\u2013819. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0191-8869(98)00026-9\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0191-8869(98)00026-9<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Eysenck, H. J. (1967). <em>The biological basis of personality<\/em>. Charles C. Thomas Publisher. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/biologicalbasiso0000eyse\">https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/biologicalbasiso0000eyse<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Eysenck, H. J., &amp; Eysenck, S. B. G. (1975). <em>Manual of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (Junior and Adult)<\/em>. Hodder and Stoughton.<\/li>\n<li>Eysenck, S. B. G., Eysenck, H. J., &amp; Barrett, P. (1985). A revised version of the psychoticism scale. <em>Personality and Individual Differences<\/em>, 6(1), 21\u201329. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0191-8869(85)90026-1\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0191-8869(85)90026-1<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>13. Questions et items du questionnaire (Scale Items)<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-items-container\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:12px; margin:28px 0; overflow:hidden; box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.03);\">\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-notice\" style=\"direction:ltr; text-align:left; background:#f8fafc; border-bottom:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:14px 20px; font-size:13.5px; color:#475569; font-weight:500;\">\n    Voici les items originaux de l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle tels que publi\u00e9s dans les \u00e9tudes psychom\u00e9triques de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, sans modification ni traduction, afin de pr\u00e9server la validit\u00e9 et la fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;instrument :\n  <\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-english-box\" style=\"direction:ltr; text-align:left; padding:20px 24px; font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size:14.5px; color:#1e293b; line-height:1.7;\">\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-scoring-formula\" style=\"background:#ecfdf5; border-left:4px solid #10b981; border-radius:0 8px 8px 0; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:18px; font-size:13.5px; color:#065f46;\">\n      <strong style=\"color:#064e3b;\">Scoring Formula:<\/strong> Scoring key for the EPQ-R (items numbered as for the IOO-item questionnaire)\n    <\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you have many different hobbies?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">2<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you stop to think things over before doing anything?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">3<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Does your mood often go up and down?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Have you ever taken the praise for something you knew someone else had really done?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">5<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you take much notice of what people think?.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">6<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Are you a talkative person?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">7<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Would being in debt worry you?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">8<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you ever feel \u2018just miserable\u2019 for no reason?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">9<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you give money to ch\u200earities?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">10<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Were you ever greedy by helping yourself to more than your share of anything?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">11<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Are you rather lively?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">12<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Would it upset you a lot to see a child or an animal suffer?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">13<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you often worry about things you should not have done or said?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">14<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you dislike people who don\u2019t know how to behave themselves?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">15<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">If you say you will do something\u201a do you always keep your promise no matter how inconvenient it might be?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">16<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Can you usually let yourself go and enjoy yourself at a lively party?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">17<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Are you an irritable person?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">18<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Should people always respect the law?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">19<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Have you ever blamed someone for doing something you knew was really your fault?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">20<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you enjoy meeting new people?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">21<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Are good manners very important?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">22<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Are your feelings easily hurt?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">23<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Are all your habits good and desirable ones?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">24<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you tend to keep in the background on social occasions?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">25<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Would you take drugs which may have strange or dangerous effects?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">26<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you often feel \u2018fed-up\u2019?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">27<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Have you ever taken anything (even a pin or button) that belonged to someone else?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">28<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you like going out a lot?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">29<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you prefer to go your own way rather than act by the rules?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">30<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you enjoy hurting people you love?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">31<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Are you often troubled about feelings of guilt?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">32<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you sometimes talk about things you know nothing about?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">33<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you prefer reading to meeting people?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">34<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you have enemies who want to harm you?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">35<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Would you call yourself a nervous person?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">36<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you have many friends?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">37<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you enjoy practical jokes that can sometimes really hurt people?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">38<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Are you a worrier?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">39<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">As a child did you do as you were told immediately and without grumbling?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">40<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Would you call yourself happy-go-lucky?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">41<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do good manners and cleanliness matter much to you?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">42<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Have you often gone against your parents\u2019 wishes?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">43<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you worry about awful things that might happen?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">44<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Have you ever broken or lost something belonging to someone else?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">45<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you usually take the initiative in making new friends?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">46<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Would you call yourself tense or \u2018highly-strung\u2019?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">47<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Are you mostly quiet when you are with other people?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">48<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you think marriage is old-fashioned and should be done away with?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">49<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you sometimes boast a little?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">50<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Are you more easy-going about right and wrong than most people?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">51<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Can you easily get some life into a rather dull party?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">52<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you worry about your health?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">53<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Have you ever said anything bad or nasty about anyone?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">54<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you enjoy co-operating with others?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">55<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you like telling jokes and funny stories to your friends?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">56<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do most things taste the same to you?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">57<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">As a child were you ever cheeky to your parents?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">58<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you like mixing with people?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">59<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Does it worry you if you know there are mistakes in your work?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">60<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you suffer from sleeplessness?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">61<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Have people said that you sometimes act too rashly?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">62<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you always wash before a meal?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">63<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you nearly always have a \u2018ready answer\u2019 when people talk to you?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">64<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you like to arrive at appointments in plenty of time?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">65<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Have you often felt listless and tired for no reason?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">66<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Have you ever cheated at a game?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">67<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you like doing things in which you have to act quickly?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">68<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Is (or was) your mother a good woman?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">69<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you often make decisions on the spur of the moment?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">70<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you often feel life is very dull?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">71<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Have you ever taken advantage of someone?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">72<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you often take on more activities than you have time for?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">73<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Are there several people who keep trying to avoid you?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">74<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you worry a lot about your looks?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">75<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you think people spend too much time safeguarding their future with savings and insurance?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">76<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Have you ever wished that you were dead?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">77<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Would you dodge paying taxes if you were sure you could never be found out?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">78<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Can you get a patty going?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">79<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you try not to be rude to people?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">80<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you worry too long after an embarrassing experience?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">81<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you generally \u2018look before you leap\u2019?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">82<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Have you ever insisted on ha\u200eving your own way?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">83<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you suffer from \u2018nerves\u2019?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">84<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you often feel lonely?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">85<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Can you on the whole trust people to tell the truth?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">86<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you always practice what you preach?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">87<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Are you easily hurt when people find fault with you or the work you do?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">88<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Is it better to follow society\u2019s rules than go your own way?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">89<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Have you ever been late for an appointment or work?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">90<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you like plenty of bustle and excitement around you?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">91<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Would you like other people to be afraid of you?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">92<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Are you sometimes bubbling over with energy and sometimes very sluggish?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">93<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you sometimes put off until tomorrow what you ought to do today?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">94<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do other people think of you as being very lively?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">95<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do people tell you a lot of lies?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">96<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you believe one has special duties to one\u2019s family?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">97<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Are you touchy about some things?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">98<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Are you always willing to admit it when you have made a mistake?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">99<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Would you feel very sorry for an animal caught in a trap?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">100<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">When your temper rises\u201a do you find it difficult to control?<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le Questionnaire de Personnalit\u00e9 d&rsquo;Eysenck R\u00e9vis\u00e9 (EPQ-R) est un inventaire psychom\u00e9trique mesurant trois dimensions majeures de la personnalit\u00e9 : Extraversion, N\u00e9vrosisme et Psychotisme, compl\u00e9t\u00e9es par une \u00e9chelle de Mensonge. D\u00e9couvrez son analyse psychom\u00e9trique compl\u00e8te, ses fondements biologiques et ses items authentiques.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[1159,3,2],"tags":[12660,24027,1164,12658,7712,1165,1163,16,10977,282],"class_list":["post-15279","psych_scale","type-psych_scale","status-publish","hentry","category-evaluation-de-la-personnalite","category-psychologie-clinique","category-psychometrie","tag-echelle-de-mensonge","tag-epq-r","tag-extraversion","tag-eysenck","tag-modele-pen","tag-nevrosisme","tag-personnalite","tag-psychometrie","tag-psychotisme","tag-tests-psychologiques"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale\/15279","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/psych_scale"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15279"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale\/15279\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15279"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15279"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15279"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}