{"id":15027,"date":"2026-10-08T08:46:55","date_gmt":"2026-10-08T08:46:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/scales\/description-du-climat-organisationnel-pour-les-colleges-ocdq-rm\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T08:46:55","modified_gmt":"2026-10-08T08:46:55","slug":"description-du-climat-organisationnel-pour-les-colleges-ocdq-rm","status":"publish","type":"psych_scale","link":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/?psych_scale=description-du-climat-organisationnel-pour-les-colleges-ocdq-rm","title":{"rendered":"Description du climat organisationnel pour les coll\u00e8ges (OCDQ-RM)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>1. R\u00e9sum\u00e9<\/h2>\n<p>Le <em>Organizational Climate Description for Middle Schools<\/em> (OCDQ-RM), traduit en fran\u00e7ais par <strong>Description du climat organisationnel pour les coll\u00e8ges<\/strong>, est un instrument de mesure psychom\u00e9trique con\u00e7u par Wayne K. Hoy et Donald Sabo \u00e0 la fin des ann\u00e9es 1990. Cet outil d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation diagnostique a \u00e9t\u00e9 sp\u00e9cialement \u00e9talonn\u00e9 pour appr\u00e9hender les dynamiques organisationnelles, relationnelles et manag\u00e9riales au sein des \u00e9tablissements d&rsquo;enseignement secondaire de premier cycle (coll\u00e8ges \/ <em>middle schools<\/em>). D\u00e9riv\u00e9 des travaux pionniers de Halpin et Croft (1963) sur l&rsquo;OCDQ originel, puis des adaptations ult\u00e9rieures pour l&rsquo;\u00e9cole primaire (OCDQ-RE) et le lyc\u00e9e (OCDQ-RS), l&rsquo;OCDQ-RM prend en consid\u00e9ration les singularit\u00e9s organisationnelles du coll\u00e8ge, notamment le travail en \u00e9quipes p\u00e9dagogiques interdisciplinaires (<em>interdisciplinary teaming<\/em>) et les d\u00e9fis d\u00e9veloppementaux sp\u00e9cifiques aux \u00e9l\u00e8ves \u00e2g\u00e9s de 11 \u00e0 15 ans.<\/p>\n<p>Le questionnaire est structur\u00e9 autour de <strong>50 items<\/strong> mesur\u00e9s \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide d&rsquo;une <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C3%89chelle_de_Likert\">\u00e9chelle de Likert<\/a> en 4 points d&rsquo;ancrage allant de 1 (\u00ab se produit rarement \u00bb \/ <em>rarely occurs<\/em>) \u00e0 4 (\u00ab se produit tr\u00e8s fr\u00e9quemment \u00bb \/ <em>very frequently occurs<\/em>). L&rsquo;analyse factorielle met en \u00e9vidence six dimensions cardinales du climat, r\u00e9parties \u00e9quitablement entre les comportements du chef d&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement et les comportements du corps enseignant :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Comportements du principal :<\/strong> Comportement de soutien (<em>Supportive Behavior<\/em>, 11 items), Comportement directif (<em>Directive Behavior<\/em>, 6 items) et Comportement restrictif (<em>Restrictive Behavior<\/em>, 4 items).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Comportements des enseignants :<\/strong> Comportement coll\u00e9gial (<em>Collegial Behavior<\/em>, 11 items), Comportement engag\u00e9 (<em>Committed Behavior<\/em>, 9 items) et Comportement d\u00e9sengag\u00e9 (<em>Disengaged Behavior<\/em>, 9 items).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Les \u00e9tudes empiriques rapportent d&rsquo;excellentes qualit\u00e9s m\u00e9trologiques, avec des indices de coh\u00e9rence interne mesur\u00e9s par l&rsquo;<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alpha_de_Cronbach\">alpha de Cronbach<\/a> compris entre 0,87 et 0,96 selon les sous-\u00e9chelles. L&rsquo;instrument permet de caract\u00e9riser le climat global de l&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement sur un continuum allant d&rsquo;un \u00ab climat ouvert \u00bb (favorable \u00e0 la r\u00e9ussite scolaire, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par un haut niveau de soutien, d&rsquo;engagement et de coll\u00e9gialit\u00e9) \u00e0 un \u00ab climat ferm\u00e9 \u00bb (marqu\u00e9 par la directivit\u00e9, la restriction et le d\u00e9sengagement).<\/p>\n<h2>2. Mots-cl\u00e9s<\/h2>\n<p>Climat organisationnel, OCDQ-RM, milieu scolaire, coll\u00e8ge, leadership p\u00e9dagogique, coll\u00e9gialit\u00e9 enseignante, engagement professionnel, comportement de soutien, psychom\u00e9trie organisationnelle, efficacit\u00e9 scolaire.<\/p>\n<h2>3. Auteurs<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;instrument OCDQ-RM a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par une \u00e9quipe de chercheurs renomm\u00e9s en administration de l&rsquo;\u00e9ducation et en sociologie organisationnelle :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Wayne K. Hoy, Ed.D. :<\/strong> Professeur \u00e9m\u00e9rite titulaire de la chaire Fawcett en administration \u00e9ducative \u00e0 l&rsquo;<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osu.edu\/\">Ohio State University<\/a> (Columbus, Ohio, \u00c9tats-Unis). Chercheur influent dans le champ de la th\u00e9orie organisationnelle appliqu\u00e9e aux syst\u00e8mes \u00e9ducatifs, il a publi\u00e9 de nombreux ouvrages de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence sur le climat scolaire, la confiance et la sant\u00e9 organisationnelle. Courriel : hoy.16@osu.edu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Donald J. Sabo, Ph.D. :<\/strong> Chercheur et collaborateur universitaire associ\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9tude des structures interm\u00e9diaires de l&rsquo;\u00e9ducation secondaire et coauteur de l&rsquo;ouvrage fondateur <em>Quality Middle Schools: Open and Healthy<\/em> (1998).<\/li>\n<li><strong>C. John Tarter, Ed.D. :<\/strong> Collaborateur r\u00e9gulier aux travaux de r\u00e9vision th\u00e9orique de la s\u00e9rie OCDQ, professeur en leadership \u00e9ducatif \u00e0 l&rsquo;Universit\u00e9 de Saint John et coauteur de plusieurs cadres de mesure du climat scolaire ouvert et sain.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4. Objectif<\/h2>\n<p>Le <strong>Organizational Climate Description for Middle Schools (OCDQ-RM)<\/strong> a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9labor\u00e9 pour rem\u00e9dier \u00e0 une lacune majeure dans la recherche en sciences de l&rsquo;\u00e9ducation : l&rsquo;absence d&rsquo;outils de mesure sensibles \u00e0 la culture organisationnelle propre aux coll\u00e8ges. Alors que les \u00e9coles primaires reposent souvent sur un mod\u00e8le d&rsquo;instituteur unique par classe et que les lyc\u00e9es sont structur\u00e9s en d\u00e9partements disciplinaires fortement cloisonn\u00e9s, les coll\u00e8ges modernes fonctionnent traditionnellement selon un mod\u00e8le hybride articul\u00e9 autour d&rsquo;\u00e9quipes p\u00e9dagogiques interdisciplinaires, de blocs d&rsquo;apprentissage modulables et d&rsquo;une attention accrue port\u00e9e aux besoins affectifs des adolescents.<\/p>\n<h3>Applications en recherche et diagnostic institutionnel<\/h3>\n<p>L&rsquo;objectif premier du questionnaire est d&rsquo;op\u00e9rationnaliser le climat scolaire non pas comme une perception purement individuelle ou un agr\u00e9gat de traits de personnalit\u00e9, mais comme une <strong>propri\u00e9t\u00e9 collective et partag\u00e9e de l&rsquo;organisation<\/strong>. Dans le cadre de la recherche en psychologie du travail et de l&rsquo;\u00e9ducation, l&rsquo;OCDQ-RM est mobilis\u00e9 pour :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u00c9valuer l&rsquo;ouverture organisationnelle :<\/strong> D\u00e9terminer dans quelle mesure les interactions sociales au sein de l&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement sont authentiques, transparentes, coop\u00e9ratives et centr\u00e9es sur l&rsquo;accompagnement mutuel des acteurs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c9tudier les liens avec l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 scolaire :<\/strong> Examiner les corr\u00e9lations empiriques entre le climat de travail per\u00e7u par les professeurs et les indicateurs objectifs de r\u00e9ussite scolaire des coll\u00e9giens, tels que les scores aux tests standardis\u00e9s, les taux de diplomation et l&rsquo;assiduit\u00e9.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Analyser la confiance organisationnelle :<\/strong> Servir de variable pr\u00e9dictive ou m\u00e9diatrice dans l&rsquo;\u00e9valuation de la confiance des enseignants envers leur direction et envers leurs pairs, ainsi que dans le d\u00e9veloppement de l&rsquo;<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Auto-efficacit%C3%A9\">auto-efficacit\u00e9 collective<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Guider le d\u00e9veloppement organisationnel et l&rsquo;audit :<\/strong> Fournir aux directions d&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement et aux inspecteurs acad\u00e9miques un profil diagnostique quantifi\u00e9 permettant d&rsquo;identifier les freins bureaucratiques inutiles (t\u00e2ches administratives excessives), les d\u00e9rives autoritaires ou le cynisme enseignant, afin d&rsquo;\u00e9laborer des plans d&rsquo;intervention cibl\u00e9s.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>En distinguant syst\u00e9matiquement le domaine manag\u00e9rial (comportement du principal) du domaine professionnel enseignant (relations entre coll\u00e8gues et engagement envers les \u00e9l\u00e8ves), l&rsquo;outil offre une double perspective indispensable pour piloter les r\u00e9formes p\u00e9dagogiques.<\/p>\n<h2>5. Construit psychologique<\/h2>\n<p>Le construit de climat organisationnel mesur\u00e9 par l&rsquo;OCDQ-RM repose sur une taxonomie bidirectionnelle englobant deux sph\u00e8res d&rsquo;interaction : la gouvernance exerc\u00e9e par le chef d&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement et la dynamique socioprofessionnelle des enseignants. Chacune de ces sph\u00e8res se d\u00e9cline en trois dimensions ind\u00e9pendantes, totalisant six facteurs distincts.<\/p>\n<h3>Comportements du chef d&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement (Principal Behaviors)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Comportement de soutien (<em>Supportive Behavior<\/em> &#8211; 11 items) :<\/strong> Refl\u00e8te un leadership caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par l&#8217;empathie, l&rsquo;\u00e9coute constructive, le respect professionnel et l&rsquo;attention sinc\u00e8re port\u00e9e au bien-\u00eatre personnel et mat\u00e9riel des enseignants. Le principal valorise les initiatives de ses coll\u00e8gues, les traite d&rsquo;\u00e9gal \u00e0 \u00e9gal et montre l&rsquo;exemple par son propre investissement professionnel. <em>Exemple d&rsquo;item : \u00ab The principal encourages teacher autonomy \u00bb (Le principal encourage l&rsquo;autonomie des enseignants).<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Comportement directif (<em>Directive Behavior<\/em> &#8211; 6 items) :<\/strong> D\u00e9signe un style de gestion rigide, autocratique et ax\u00e9 sur un contr\u00f4le omnipr\u00e9sent et tatillon. Le principal surveille constamment les faits et gestes des enseignants, exige une conformit\u00e9 absolue aux r\u00e8gles administratives et formule des r\u00e9primandes sans tenir compte des initiatives p\u00e9dagogiques. <em>Exemple d&rsquo;item : \u00ab The principal rules with an iron fist \u00bb (Le principal dirige d&rsquo;une main de fer).<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Comportement restrictif (<em>Restrictive Behavior<\/em> &#8211; 4 items) :<\/strong> Mesure la tendance de l&rsquo;administration \u00e0 surcharger le corps professoral de paperasse, de t\u00e2ches ancillaires et de corv\u00e9es routini\u00e8res inutiles qui entravent directement la mission fondamentale d&rsquo;enseignement. <em>Exemple d&rsquo;item : \u00ab Routine duties interfere with the job of teaching \u00bb (Les corv\u00e9es de routine interf\u00e8rent avec le travail d&rsquo;enseignement).<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Comportements des enseignants (Teacher Behaviors)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Comportement coll\u00e9gial (<em>Collegial Behavior<\/em> &#8211; 11 items) :<\/strong> D\u00e9crit un climat de camaraderie sinc\u00e8re, d&rsquo;entraide mutuelle et d&rsquo;appr\u00e9ciation professionnelle r\u00e9ciproque entre les enseignants. Les professeurs se soutiennent dans les moments difficiles, partagent des moments de convivialit\u00e9 et coop\u00e8rent activement au sein de leurs \u00e9quipes p\u00e9dagogiques. <em>Exemple d&rsquo;item : \u00ab Teachers help and support each other \u00bb (Les enseignants s&rsquo;aident et se soutiennent mutuellement).<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Comportement engag\u00e9 (<em>Committed Behavior<\/em> &#8211; 9 items) :<\/strong> \u00c9value le d\u00e9vouement exceptionnel des enseignants envers la r\u00e9ussite et l&rsquo;\u00e9panouissement global de leurs \u00e9l\u00e8ves. Les membres du personnel acceptent des responsabilit\u00e9s suppl\u00e9mentaires, restent apr\u00e8s les heures de cours pour proposer du tutorat et font preuve d&rsquo;une \u00e9thique professionnelle exemplaire. <em>Exemple d&rsquo;item : \u00ab Teachers \u00ab\u00a0go the extra mile\u00a0\u00bb with their students \u00bb (Les enseignants se surpassent pour leurs \u00e9l\u00e8ves).<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Comportement d\u00e9sengag\u00e9 (<em>Disengaged Behavior<\/em> &#8211; 9 items) :<\/strong> Caract\u00e9rise un manque flagrant d&rsquo;esprit d&rsquo;\u00e9quipe, du cynisme, de l&rsquo;hostilit\u00e9 et une apathie g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e. Les r\u00e9unions p\u00e9dagogiques sont marqu\u00e9es par l&rsquo;agitation, les sarcasmes, les comm\u00e9rages et l&rsquo;exclusion des coll\u00e8gues atypiques, sans engagement r\u00e9el pour la mission \u00e9ducative. <em>Exemple d&rsquo;item : \u00ab Teachers make \u00ab\u00a0wise cracks\u00a0\u00bb to each other during meetings \u00bb (Les enseignants lancent des piques sarcastiques en r\u00e9union).<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>6. Cadre th\u00e9orique<\/h2>\n<p>Le fondement \u00e9pist\u00e9mologique de l&rsquo;OCDQ-RM s&rsquo;enracine dans la th\u00e9orie g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des syst\u00e8mes sociaux d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e par Talcott Parsons et adapt\u00e9e au contexte \u00e9ducatif par Getzels et Guba (1957). Selon ce paradigme, une organisation sociale scolaire fonctionne \u00e0 travers l&rsquo;interaction constante entre deux dimensions fondamentales :<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>La dimension nomoth\u00e9tique :<\/strong> Les r\u00f4les institutionnels, les r\u00e8gles formelles, les attentes hi\u00e9rarchiques et les exigences bureaucratiques \u00e9tablies pour atteindre les buts de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole.<\/li>\n<li><strong>La dimension idiographique :<\/strong> Les personnalit\u00e9s, les besoins individuels, les syst\u00e8mes de valeurs et les dispositions affectives des personnes \u00e9voluant dans la structure.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Dans cette lign\u00e9e, Halpin et Croft (1963) ont postul\u00e9 que le \u00ab climat organisationnel \u00bb repr\u00e9sente pour une \u00e9cole ce que la \u00ab personnalit\u00e9 \u00bb repr\u00e9sente pour un individu. Les adaptations th\u00e9oriques de Wayne K. Hoy ont reformul\u00e9 cette conception en s&rsquo;appuyant sur les th\u00e9ories modernes du <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leadership\">leadership<\/a> transformationnel et distribu\u00e9, ainsi que sur les notions d&rsquo;authenticit\u00e9 et d&rsquo;ali\u00e9nation au travail.<\/p>\n<h3>Le mod\u00e8le de l&rsquo;ouverture organisationnelle (Openness Model)<\/h3>\n<p>Dans la perspective de Hoy et Sabo (1998), le climat scolaire se distribue le long d&rsquo;un axe bipolaire fondamental : <strong>l&rsquo;ouverture versus la fermeture<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"8\" style=\"border-collapse:collapse; width:100%; margin:15px 0;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color:#f1f5f9;\">\n<th>Dimension<\/th>\n<th>Climat Ouvert (Open Climate)<\/th>\n<th>Climat Ferm\u00e9 (Closed Climate)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Style du principal<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Soutien \u00e9lev\u00e9, faible directivit\u00e9, faible restriction. Leadership facilitateur fond\u00e9 sur la confiance et l&rsquo;autonomie.<\/td>\n<td>Faible soutien, haute directivit\u00e9, haute restriction. Contr\u00f4le bureaucratique \u00e9touffant et paperasse intrusive.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Dynamique enseignante<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Forte coll\u00e9gialit\u00e9, engagement exceptionnel, faible d\u00e9sengagement. Collaboration, d\u00e9vouement envers les \u00e9l\u00e8ves.<\/td>\n<td>Faible coll\u00e9gialit\u00e9, faible engagement, fort d\u00e9sengagement. Rumeurs, cynisme, d\u00e9sint\u00e9r\u00eat pour les \u00e9l\u00e8ves.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Ce cadre postule que l&rsquo;ouverture du climat n&rsquo;est pas un simple sentiment de confort individuel, mais un levier structurel favorisant une dynamique d&rsquo;apprentissage exigeante et bienveillante pour les jeunes adolescents scolaris\u00e9s en coll\u00e8ge.<\/p>\n<h2>7. Validit\u00e9<\/h2>\n<p>La validit\u00e9 scientifique de l&rsquo;OCDQ-RM a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tablie \u00e0 travers de multiples protocoles empiriques men\u00e9s principalement dans des \u00e9tablissements secondaires am\u00e9ricains et internationaux.<\/p>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 de construit<\/h3>\n<p>La validit\u00e9 conceptuelle a \u00e9t\u00e9 v\u00e9rifi\u00e9e par des analyses factorielles confirmatoires et exploratoires successives d\u00e9montrant l&rsquo;invariance de la structure en six facteurs. Les corr\u00e9lations inter-facteurs confirment les pr\u00e9dictions th\u00e9oriques :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>La dimension <em>Supportive Behavior<\/em> corr\u00e8le positivement avec <em>Collegial Behavior<\/em> et <em>Committed Behavior<\/em>, et n\u00e9gativement avec <em>Disengaged Behavior<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>La dimension <em>Directive Behavior<\/em> pr\u00e9sente des associations positives fortes avec <em>Restrictive Behavior<\/em> et des associations inverses avec les perceptions d&rsquo;autonomie p\u00e9dagogique.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 convergente et discriminante<\/h3>\n<p>L&rsquo;OCDQ-RM d\u00e9montre une excellente validit\u00e9 convergente lorsqu&rsquo;il est confront\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;inventaire de sant\u00e9 organisationnelle pour les coll\u00e8ges (<em>Organizational Health Inventory for Middle Schools &#8211; OHI-RM<\/em>) :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Les scores d&rsquo;ouverture du climat sont positivement et significativement corr\u00e9l\u00e9s avec l&rsquo;int\u00e9grit\u00e9 institutionnelle, l&rsquo;influence du principal et la vitalit\u00e9 acad\u00e9mique (coefficients variant g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement entre <em>r<\/em> = 0,55 et <em>r<\/em> = 0,78, <em>p<\/em> &lt; 0,001).<\/li>\n<li>En mati\u00e8re de validit\u00e9 discriminante, les analyses d\u00e9montrent que le climat mesur\u00e9 par l&rsquo;OCDQ-RM est conceptuellement distinct des caract\u00e9ristiques d\u00e9mographiques telles que la taille de l&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement, le statut socio-\u00e9conomique du quartier ou l&rsquo;anciennet\u00e9 moyenne du corps professoral, soulignant que le climat d\u00e9pend des pratiques humaines et manag\u00e9riales plut\u00f4t que des seuls facteurs contextuels externes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 pr\u00e9dictive<\/h3>\n<p>Des recherches longitudinales et transversales (notamment Hoy &amp; Sabo, 1998) ont prouv\u00e9 que les coll\u00e8ges b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiant d&rsquo;un climat ouvert pr\u00e9sentent des performances acad\u00e9miques significativement sup\u00e9rieures en math\u00e9matiques, en lecture et en r\u00e9daction, m\u00eame apr\u00e8s contr\u00f4le statistique de l&rsquo;origine sociale des \u00e9l\u00e8ves. De plus, un climat ouvert pr\u00e9dit de mani\u00e8re robuste une moindre propension \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9puisement professionnel (<em>burnout<\/em>) chez les enseignants et un taux d&rsquo;absent\u00e9isme r\u00e9duit.<\/p>\n<h2>8. Fid\u00e9lit\u00e9<\/h2>\n<p>La fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;OCDQ-RM se caract\u00e9rise par des coefficients de consistance interne remarquablement \u00e9lev\u00e9s, mesur\u00e9s sur des \u00e9chantillons normatifs repr\u00e9sentatifs d&rsquo;enseignants du secondaire inf\u00e9rieur.<\/p>\n<h3>Indices de coh\u00e9rence interne (Alpha de Cronbach)<\/h3>\n<p>Les \u00e9tudes initiales de Hoy et Sabo rapportent les coefficients alpha suivants pour les six sous-\u00e9chelles de l&rsquo;instrument :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Comportement de soutien du principal (Supportive) :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,96<\/li>\n<li><strong>Comportement engag\u00e9 des enseignants (Committed) :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,93<\/li>\n<li><strong>Comportement coll\u00e9gial des enseignants (Collegial) :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,90<\/li>\n<li><strong>Comportement restrictif du principal (Restrictive) :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,89<\/li>\n<li><strong>Comportement directif du principal (Directive) :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,88<\/li>\n<li><strong>Comportement d\u00e9sengag\u00e9 des enseignants (Disengaged) :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,87<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tous ces coefficients d\u00e9passent largement le seuil psychom\u00e9trique standard de 0,70 recommand\u00e9 pour les outils de recherche, et m\u00eame le seuil strict de 0,85 requis pour les diagnostics diagnostiques organisationnels.<\/p>\n<h3>Agr\u00e9gation des donn\u00e9es au niveau de l&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement<\/h3>\n<p>\u00c9tant donn\u00e9 que l&rsquo;OCDQ-RM mesure une variable au niveau de l&rsquo;organisation (l&rsquo;\u00e9cole), la fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 a \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 v\u00e9rifi\u00e9e via les coefficients de corr\u00e9lation intra-classe (ICC[1] et ICC[2]) ainsi que l&rsquo;indice de concordance intra-groupe (<span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"r_{wg}\">$r_{wg}$<\/span>). Les r\u00e9sultats indiquent une forte convergence intra-\u00e9tablissement des r\u00e9ponses des enseignants d&rsquo;un m\u00eame coll\u00e8ge, justifiant pleinement l&rsquo;agr\u00e9gation des scores individuels pour calculer la moyenne institutionnelle.<\/p>\n<h2>9. Analyse factorielle<\/h2>\n<p>Le d\u00e9veloppement initial de l&rsquo;OCDQ-RM a fait l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;une d\u00e9marche psychom\u00e9trique rigoureuse combinant analyse factorielle exploratoire (AFE) et analyse factorielle confirmatoire (AFC).<\/p>\n<h3>Processus d&rsquo;extraction factorielle<\/h3>\n<p>Lors de l&rsquo;\u00e9tude princeps men\u00e9e aupr\u00e8s de plusieurs dizaines de coll\u00e8ges et de centaines d&rsquo;enseignants, un corpus initial d&rsquo;items a \u00e9t\u00e9 soumis \u00e0 une analyse en composantes principales avec rotation orthogonale (Varimax), compl\u00e9t\u00e9e par des rotations obliques (Promax) pour examiner les interd\u00e9pendances sous-jacentes. Les crit\u00e8res de r\u00e9tention appliqu\u00e9s incluaient des valeurs propres (<em>eigenvalues<\/em>) sup\u00e9rieures \u00e0 1,0 et l&rsquo;examen du diagramme de Cattell (<em>scree plot<\/em>).<\/p>\n<h3>Saturations factorielles<\/h3>\n<p>Les 50 items retenus pr\u00e9sentent des saturations primaires robustes (g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement comprises entre 0,50 et 0,85) sur leur facteur respectif, sans contaminations crois\u00e9es majeures (saturations secondaires inf\u00e9rieures \u00e0 0,30) :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Les items relatifs au principal saturent nettement sur trois facteurs ind\u00e9pendants expliquant la majorit\u00e9 de la variance manag\u00e9riale : <strong>Soutien<\/strong> (ex. item 1, 10, 11), <strong>Directivit\u00e9<\/strong> (ex. item 9, 20, 37) et <strong>Restriction<\/strong> (ex. item 3, 4, 39, 42).<\/li>\n<li>Les items relatifs aux enseignants se scindent de mani\u00e8re tr\u00e8s claire en trois facteurs distincts : <strong>Coll\u00e9gialit\u00e9<\/strong> (ex. item 2, 14, 40), <strong>Engagement<\/strong> (ex. item 5, 6, 7, 17) et <strong>D\u00e9sengagement<\/strong> (ex. item 8, 26, 27, 28).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Les mod\u00e9lisations par \u00e9quations structurelles ult\u00e9rieures ont confirm\u00e9 des indices d&rsquo;ad\u00e9quation satisfaisants pour la solution \u00e0 six facteurs corr\u00e9l\u00e9s (RMSEA &le; 0,05, CFI &ge; 0,92, TLI &ge; 0,91).<\/p>\n<h2>10. Instrument de mesure<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;instrument se pr\u00e9sente sous la forme d&rsquo;un questionnaire standardis\u00e9 auto-administr\u00e9 :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Type de test :<\/strong> Questionnaire psychom\u00e9trique de climat organisationnel scolaire.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Format d&rsquo;administration :<\/strong> Papier-crayon ou formulaire \u00e9lectronique en ligne ; passation individuelle et anonyme, agr\u00e9g\u00e9e ult\u00e9rieurement par \u00e9tablissement.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dur\u00e9e de passation :<\/strong> Environ 10 \u00e0 15 minutes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nombre total d&rsquo;items :<\/strong> 50 items.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c9chelle de r\u00e9ponse :<\/strong> \u00c9chelle de fr\u00e9quence en 4 points :<br \/>\n    1 = \u00ab rarely occurs \u00bb (se produit rarement)<br \/>\n    2 = \u00ab sometimes occurs \u00bb (se produit parfois)<br \/>\n    3 = \u00ab often occurs \u00bb (se produit souvent)<br \/>\n    4 = \u00ab very frequently occurs \u00bb (se produit tr\u00e8s fr\u00e9quemment)\n  <\/li>\n<li><strong>Inversion des scores (Reverse Scoring) :<\/strong> Les items <strong>21<\/strong> et <strong>50<\/strong> doivent \u00eatre invers\u00e9s avant le calcul des scores (1 devient 4, 2 devient 3, 3 devient 2, 4 devient 1).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Calcul des sous-\u00e9chelles :<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Supportive Behavior (Sup) :<\/strong> Somme des items 1 + 10 + 11 + 12 + 15 + 19 + 24 + 32 + 36 + 44 + 49<\/li>\n<li><strong>Committed Behavior (Com) :<\/strong> Somme des items 5 + 6 + 7 + 17 + 18 + 21[invers\u00e9] + 46 + 47 + 48<\/li>\n<li><strong>Directive Behavior (Dir) :<\/strong> Somme des items 9 + 20 + 33 + 37 + 38 + 41<\/li>\n<li><strong>Collegial Behavior (Col) :<\/strong> Somme des items 2 + 13 + 14 + 16 + 22 + 25 + 34 + 35 + 40 + 43 + 45<\/li>\n<li><strong>Disengaged Behavior (Dis) :<\/strong> Somme des items 8 + 23 + 26 + 27 + 28 + 29 + 30 + 31 + 50[invers\u00e9]<\/li>\n<li><strong>Restrictive Behavior (Res) :<\/strong> Somme des items 3 + 4 + 39 + 42<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Standardisation :<\/strong> Les scores bruts d&rsquo;\u00e9tablissement sont habituellement convertis en scores standardis\u00e9s (scores S avec une moyenne de 500 et un \u00e9cart-type de 100) \u00e0 partir des tables normatives d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es par Hoy et Sabo (1998) afin de calculer l&rsquo;indice composite d&rsquo;ouverture de l&rsquo;\u00e9cole (<em>School Openness Index<\/em>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>11. Permissions, Tarifs et Ann\u00e9e du test<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ann\u00e9e de publication :<\/strong> 1998 (formalisation dans l&rsquo;ouvrage <em>Quality Middle Schools: Open and Healthy<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Statut du droit d&rsquo;auteur :<\/strong> Wayne K. Hoy et Donald J. Sabo d\u00e9tiennent les droits intellectuels d&rsquo;origine.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tarification et accessibilit\u00e9 :<\/strong> L&rsquo;outil est mis \u00e0 la disposition de la communaut\u00e9 acad\u00e9mique <strong>gratuitement<\/strong> \u00e0 des fins d&rsquo;enseignement et de recherche non commerciale. Il peut \u00eatre t\u00e9l\u00e9charg\u00e9 en libre acc\u00e8s sur le site officiel du professeur Wayne K. Hoy (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/www.waynekhoy.com\">www.waynekhoy.com<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Conditions d&rsquo;utilisation :<\/strong> L&rsquo;instrument peut \u00eatre reproduit et utilis\u00e9 sans paiement de redevance pour des th\u00e8ses, m\u00e9moires universitaires et projets de recherche empirique, \u00e0 condition de citer fid\u00e8lement les auteurs et la publication de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence. Toute utilisation commerciale ou int\u00e9gration dans des logiciels propri\u00e9taires payants n\u00e9cessite une autorisation \u00e9crite pr\u00e9alable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>12. R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Getzels, J. W., &amp; Guba, E. G. (1957). Social behavior and the administrative process. <em>The School Review<\/em>, 65(4), 423-441. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/442411\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/442411<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Halpin, A. W., &amp; Croft, D. B. (1963). <em>The organizational climate of schools<\/em>. Midwest Administration Center, The University of Chicago.<\/li>\n<li>Hoy, W. K., &amp; Sabo, D. J. (1998). <em>Quality middle schools: Open and healthy<\/em>. Corwin Press.<\/li>\n<li>Hoy, W. K., &amp; Tarter, C. J. (1997). <em>The road to open and healthy schools: A handbook for change, Elementary Edition<\/em>. Corwin Press.<\/li>\n<li>Hoy, W. K., Tarter, C. J., &amp; Kottkamp, R. B. (1991). <em>Open schools\/healthy schools: Measuring organizational climate<\/em>. Sage Publications.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>13. Questions et items du questionnaire (Scale Items)<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-items-container\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:12px; margin:28px 0; overflow:hidden; box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.03);\">\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-notice\" style=\"direction:ltr; text-align:left; background:#f8fafc; border-bottom:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:14px 20px; font-size:13.5px; color:#475569; font-weight:500;\">\n    Voici les items originaux de l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle tels que publi\u00e9s dans les \u00e9tudes psychom\u00e9triques de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, sans modification ni traduction, afin de pr\u00e9server la validit\u00e9 et la fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;instrument :\n  <\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-english-box\" style=\"direction:ltr; text-align:left; padding:20px 24px; font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size:14.5px; color:#1e293b; line-height:1.7;\">\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-reverse-scoring\" style=\"background:#fffbeb; border-left:4px solid #f59e0b; border-radius:0 8px 8px 0; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:14px; font-size:13.5px; color:#92400e;\">\n      <strong style=\"color:#78350f;\">Scoring \/ Reverse Items:<\/strong> Reverse score items 21\u201a 50\n    <\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The principal compliments teachers.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">2<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers have parties for each other.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">3<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers are burdened with busywork.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Routine duties interfere with the job of teaching.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">5<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers &quot;go the extra mile&quot; with their students.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">6<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers are committed to helping their students.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">7<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers help students on their own time.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">8<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers interrupt other teachers who are talking in staff meetings.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">9<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The principal rules with an iron fist.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">10<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The principal encourages teacher autonomy.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">11<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The principal goes out of his\/her way to help teachers.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">12<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The principal is available after school to help teachers when assistance is needed.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">13<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers invite other faculty members to visit them at home.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">14<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers socialize with each other on a regular basis.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">15<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The principal uses constructive criticism.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">16<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers who have personal problems receive support from other staff members.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">17<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers stay after school to tutor students who need help.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">18<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers accept additional duties if students will benefit.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">19<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The principal looks out for the personal welfare of the faculty.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">20<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The principal supervises teachers closely.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">21<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers leave school immediately after school is over.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">22<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Most of the teachers here accept the faults of their colleagues.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">23<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers exert group pressure on non-conforming faculty members.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">24<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The principal listens to and accepts teachers&#039; suggestions.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">25<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers have fun socializing together during school time.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">26<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers ramble when they talk at faculty meetings.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">27<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers are rude to other staff members.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">28<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers make &quot;wise cracks&quot; to each other during meetings.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">29<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers mock teachers who are different.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">30<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers don&#039;t listen to other teachers.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">31<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers like to hear gossip about other staff members.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">32<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The principal treats teachers as equals.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">33<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The principal corrects teachers&#039; mistakes.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">34<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers provide strong social support for colleagues.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">35<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers respect the professional competence of their colleagues.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">36<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The principal goes out of his\/her way to show appreciation to teachers.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">37<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The principal keeps a close check on sign-in times.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">38<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The principal monitors everything teachers do.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">39<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Administrative paperwork is burdensome at this school.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">40<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers help and support each other.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">41<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The principal closely checks teacher activities.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">42<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Assigned non-teaching duties are excessive.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">43<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The interactions between team\/unit members are cooperative.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">44<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The principal accepts and implements ideas suggested by faculty members.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">45<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Members of teams\/units consider other members to be their friends.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">46<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Extra help is available to students who need help.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">47<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers volunteer to sponsor after school activities.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">48<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers spend time after school with students who have individual problems.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">49<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The principal sets an example by working hard himself\/herself<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">50<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Teachers are polite to one another.<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>D\u00e9couvrez une pr\u00e9sentation acad\u00e9mique compl\u00e8te du questionnaire OCDQ-RM (Organizational Climate Description for Middle Schools) de Hoy et Sabo : cadre th\u00e9orique, fid\u00e9lit\u00e9, analyse factorielle et items int\u00e9graux.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[2845,1727,2],"tags":[445,21456,129,23505,23504,23401],"class_list":["post-15027","psych_scale","type-psych_scale","status-publish","hentry","category-education","category-psychologie-du-travail-et-des-organisations","category-psychometrie","tag-climat-organisationnel","tag-college","tag-evaluation-psychometrique","tag-leadership-scolaire","tag-ocdq-rm","tag-wayne-k-hoy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale\/15027","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/psych_scale"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15027"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale\/15027\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15027"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15027"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15027"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}