{"id":13210,"date":"2026-10-03T17:37:03","date_gmt":"2026-10-03T17:37:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/scales\/questionnaire-multidimensionnel-de-sante-mhq\/"},"modified":"2026-10-03T17:37:03","modified_gmt":"2026-10-03T17:37:03","slug":"questionnaire-multidimensionnel-de-sante-mhq","status":"publish","type":"psych_scale","link":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/?psych_scale=questionnaire-multidimensionnel-de-sante-mhq","title":{"rendered":"Le Questionnaire Multidimensionnel de Sant\u00e9 (MHQ)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>1. R\u00e9sum\u00e9 \/ Abstract<\/h2>\n<p>Le <strong>Questionnaire Multidimensionnel de Sant\u00e9<\/strong> (<em>Multidimensional Health Questionnaire<\/em> [MHQ]), d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par William E. Snell, Jr. et Georgette Johnson en 1997, constitue un instrument psychom\u00e9trique d&rsquo;auto-\u00e9valuation con\u00e7u pour appr\u00e9hender la complexit\u00e9 et la nature multidimensionnelle des cognitions, attitudes, motivations et \u00e9tats affectifs associ\u00e9s \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 physique. Contrairement aux approches unidimensionnelles traditionnelles ou aux \u00e9chelles restreintes au seul <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lieu_de_ma%C3%AEtrise\">locus de contr\u00f4le<\/a>, le MHQ int\u00e8gre un spectre \u00e9tendu de processus psychologiques impliqu\u00e9s dans la gestion de la sant\u00e9 personnelle et la r\u00e9gulation comportementale face aux risques pathologiques.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;instrument est compos\u00e9 de <strong>100 items<\/strong> r\u00e9partis de fa\u00e7on \u00e9quilibr\u00e9e en <strong>20 sous-\u00e9chelles<\/strong> distinctes (comportant chacune 5 items). Ces dimensions couvrent des domaines aussi vari\u00e9s que l&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 li\u00e9e \u00e0 la sant\u00e9, la comp\u00e9tence per\u00e7ue, la conscience corporelle interne, l&rsquo;affirmation de soi en mati\u00e8re de soins, la fiert\u00e9 et la d\u00e9pression associ\u00e9es \u00e0 la sant\u00e9, l&rsquo;optimisme prospectif, ainsi que de multiples facettes d&rsquo;attributions causales (locus interne, chance, personnes puissantes, bl\u00e2me personnel). Les participants r\u00e9pondent \u00e0 chaque \u00e9nonc\u00e9 sur une \u00e9chelle de type <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C3%89chelle_de_Likert\">Likert<\/a> en 5 points, allant de <em>A<\/em> (\u00ab Absolument pas caract\u00e9ristique de moi \u00bb) \u00e0 <em>E<\/em> (\u00ab Tr\u00e8s caract\u00e9ristique de moi \u00bb).<\/p>\n<p>Les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s psychom\u00e9triques \u00e9tablies lors des \u00e9tudes initiales et de r\u00e9plication d\u00e9montrent une coh\u00e9rence interne satisfaisante \u00e0 excellente pour la majorit\u00e9 des sous-\u00e9chelles (coefficients <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alpha_de_Cronbach\">alpha de Cronbach<\/a> s&rsquo;\u00e9chelonnant g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement entre 0,70 et 0,91). La validit\u00e9 de construit, explor\u00e9e au travers d&rsquo;analyses factorielles confirmatoires et d&rsquo;\u00e9tudes corr\u00e9lationnelles, atteste d&rsquo;une structure factorielle robuste et d&rsquo;une validit\u00e9 convergente et discriminante remarquable avec des mesures d&rsquo;auto-efficacit\u00e9, d&rsquo;estime de soi globale, d&rsquo;hypocondrie, de comportements de pr\u00e9vention et de d\u00e9tresse psychologique. Le MHQ s&rsquo;impose comme un outil de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence en <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Psychologie_de_la_sant%C3%A9\">psychologie de la sant\u00e9<\/a>, en m\u00e9decine comportementale et en \u00e9pid\u00e9miologie sociale pour explorer les m\u00e9diateurs psychologiques des trajectoires de sant\u00e9.<\/p>\n<h2>2. Mots-cl\u00e9s \/ Keywords<\/h2>\n<p>Questionnaire Multidimensionnel de Sant\u00e9, MHQ, psychologie de la sant\u00e9, locus de contr\u00f4le de la sant\u00e9, anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 li\u00e9e \u00e0 la sant\u00e9, auto-efficacit\u00e9, conscience corporelle, motivation de sant\u00e9, comportements pr\u00e9ventifs, psychom\u00e9trie, \u00e9valuation clinique, William E. Snell Jr.<\/p>\n<h2>3. Auteurs \/ Authors<\/h2>\n<p>Le Questionnaire Multidimensionnel de Sant\u00e9 a \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7u et valid\u00e9 par :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>William E. Snell, Jr., Ph.D.<\/strong> : Professeur \u00e9m\u00e9rite au D\u00e9partement de Psychologie de la Southeast Missouri State University (Cape Girardeau, Missouri, \u00c9tats-Unis). Chercheur sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 dans la psychom\u00e9trie de la personnalit\u00e9, les dynamiques relationnelles, la sexualit\u00e9 humaine et les dimensions psychologiques de la sant\u00e9 physique. Courriel institutionnel : <code>wesnell@semo.edu<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Georgette Johnson, M.A.<\/strong> : Chercheuse et collaboratrice au sein du D\u00e9partement de Psychologie de la Southeast Missouri State University, ayant contribu\u00e9 aux investigations sur les repr\u00e9sentations de sant\u00e9 et les styles d&rsquo;adaptation face \u00e0 la maladie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4. Objectif \/ Purpose<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;objectif fondamental du <em>Multidimensional Health Questionnaire<\/em> (MHQ) est de fournir une cartographie psychologique exhaustive, nuanc\u00e9e et standardis\u00e9e des perceptions, \u00e9motions, croyances motivationnelles et attributions qu&rsquo;un individu entretient \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9gard de sa sant\u00e9 physique. Durant les d\u00e9cennies 1970 et 1980, la recherche en psychologie m\u00e9dicale et comportementale s&rsquo;est principalement focalis\u00e9e sur des construits isol\u00e9s, tels que les croyances de contr\u00f4le de sant\u00e9 (notamment \u00e0 travers l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle MHLC de Wallston) ou les mod\u00e8les de croyances relatives \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 (<em>Health Belief Model<\/em>). Bien que ces instruments aient permis des avanc\u00e9es notables, ils ont souvent \u00e9chou\u00e9 \u00e0 capturer l&rsquo;enchev\u00eatrement complexe des r\u00e9actions affectives n\u00e9gatives (ex. d\u00e9pression li\u00e9e \u00e0 la sant\u00e9), des dispositions cognitives (ex. conscience int\u00e9roceptive) et des comp\u00e9tences assertives requises pour n\u00e9gocier des soins m\u00e9dicaux efficaces.<\/p>\n<p>Le MHQ a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 pour combler ce vide m\u00e9thodologique en int\u00e9grant 20 dimensions psychologiques distinctes dans une matrice d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation unifi\u00e9e. Sur le plan clinique, l&rsquo;instrument permet :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>L&rsquo;identification des vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s psychologiques :<\/strong> rep\u00e9rer les individus pr\u00e9sentant une anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 somatique disproportionn\u00e9e, un sentiment d&rsquo;impuissance (d\u00e9pression li\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9tat physique) ou une tendance d\u00e9l\u00e9t\u00e8re \u00e0 l&rsquo;auto-culpabilisation excessive (bl\u00e2me pour la maladie), qui pr\u00e9disposent \u00e0 une mauvaise observance th\u00e9rapeutique ou \u00e0 des consultations m\u00e9dicales it\u00e9ratives.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L&rsquo;\u00e9valuation des ressources protectrices :<\/strong> mesurer le sentiment d&rsquo;auto-efficacit\u00e9 personnelle, l&rsquo;affirmation de soi face aux professionnels de sant\u00e9, et la fiert\u00e9 tir\u00e9e d&rsquo;une autogestion rigoureuse des comportements de vie.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L&rsquo;\u00e9laboration d&rsquo;interventions cibl\u00e9es :<\/strong> adapter les programmes d&rsquo;\u00e9ducation th\u00e9rapeutique du patient (ETP) en fonction du profil sp\u00e9cifique du patient (par exemple, moduler une intervention selon que le sujet attribue son \u00e9tat au hasard, \u00e0 autrui ou \u00e0 ses propres conduites).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Dans le domaine de la recherche empirique, le MHQ sert de cadre d&rsquo;op\u00e9rationnalisation pour \u00e9tudier comment les traits de personnalit\u00e9 et les cognitions de sant\u00e9 influencent directement les choix de mode de vie (nutrition, activit\u00e9 physique, tabagisme, adh\u00e9sion au d\u00e9pistage) et modulent la r\u00e9ponse biologique au stress somatique.<\/p>\n<h2>5. Construit psychologique \/ Construct<\/h2>\n<p>Le mod\u00e8le sous-jacent au MHQ postule que la relation d&rsquo;un individu \u00e0 sa sant\u00e9 corporelle est r\u00e9gie par une constellation de 20 composantes psychologiques interactives. Chaque construit est mesur\u00e9 par un bloc de 5 items distribu\u00e9s selon une alternance s\u00e9quentielle rigoureuse \u00e0 travers le test (items espac\u00e9s par intervalle de 20) :<\/p>\n<h3>1. Anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 li\u00e9e \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 (Health Anxiety)<\/h3>\n<p>\u00c9value la propension \u00e0 \u00e9prouver de la nervosit\u00e9, de l&rsquo;inqui\u00e9tude et de la tension \u00e9motionnelle lors de l&rsquo;\u00e9vocation de son \u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 physique. Des scores \u00e9lev\u00e9s refl\u00e8tent une r\u00e9activit\u00e9 anxieuse exacerb\u00e9e face aux signaux corporels (ex. Items 1, 21, 41, 61, 81).<\/p>\n<h3>2. Comp\u00e9tence en sant\u00e9 (Health Competence \/ Self-Efficacy)<\/h3>\n<p>Mesure la perception qu&rsquo;a le sujet de ses capacit\u00e9s et aptitudes \u00e0 g\u00e9rer, surmonter et r\u00e9soudre efficacement les probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 qui peuvent survenir (ex. Items 2, 22, 42, 62, 82).<\/p>\n<h3>3. Conscience corporelle interne (Health Consciousness)<\/h3>\n<p>\u00c9value l&rsquo;acuit\u00e9 et l&rsquo;attention port\u00e9es aux sensations physiques internes et aux indices corporels signalant le bien-\u00eatre ou la d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration de l&rsquo;\u00e9tat physiologique (ex. Items 3, 23, 43, 63, 83).<\/p>\n<h3>4. Motivation pr\u00e9ventive de sant\u00e9 (Health Motivation \/ Prevention Behaviors)<\/h3>\n<p>Appr\u00e9hende l&rsquo;engagement comportemental actif et la volont\u00e9 d&rsquo;adopter des habitudes de vie emp\u00eachant la d\u00e9gradation de la condition physique (ex. Items 4, 24, 44, 64, 84).<\/p>\n<h3>5. Locus de contr\u00f4le externe : Hasard (Chance Health Locus of Control)<\/h3>\n<p>Refl\u00e8te la croyance selon laquelle l&rsquo;\u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 physique est principalement gouvern\u00e9 par la chance, le destin, les co\u00efncidences fortuites ou des \u00e9v\u00e9nements accidentels incontr\u00f4lables (ex. Items 5, 25, 45, 65, 85).<\/p>\n<h3>6. Pr\u00e9occupation li\u00e9e \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 (Health Preoccupation)<\/h3>\n<p>Mesure le degr\u00e9 d&rsquo;envahissement cognitif et de focalisation mentale quasi-constante sur son \u00e9tat de forme et sa condition somatique (ex. Items 6, 26, 46, 66, 86).<\/p>\n<h3>7. Affirmation de soi en sant\u00e9 (Health Assertiveness)<\/h3>\n<p>\u00c9value l&rsquo;aptitude et l&rsquo;aisance \u00e0 exprimer directement ses besoins m\u00e9dicaux, \u00e0 solliciter l&rsquo;aide n\u00e9cessaire et \u00e0 communiquer activement avec autrui concernant son \u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 (ex. Items 7, 27, 47, 67, 87).<\/p>\n<h3>8. Optimisme face \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 (Health Expectations \/ Optimism)<\/h3>\n<p>Mesure les attentes prospectives favorables quant \u00e0 la vitalit\u00e9 future et l&rsquo;absence anticip\u00e9e de morbidit\u00e9 majeure (ex. Items 8, 28, 48, 68, 88).<\/p>\n<h3>9. Culpabilit\u00e9 et bl\u00e2me pour la maladie (Health Blame)<\/h3>\n<p>Caract\u00e9rise la tendance \u00e0 s&rsquo;auto-attribuer la responsabilit\u00e9 morale et causale exclusive de l&rsquo;apparition des maladies ou des d\u00e9faillances somatiques (ex. Items 9, 29, 49, 69, 89).<\/p>\n<h3>10. Conscience publique de la sant\u00e9 (Health Public Self-Consciousness)<\/h3>\n<p>\u00c9value l&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 et l&rsquo;attention sociale dirig\u00e9es vers la mani\u00e8re dont l&rsquo;\u00e9tat physique et l&rsquo;apparence de sant\u00e9 sont jug\u00e9s et \u00e9valu\u00e9s par autrui (ex. Items 10, 30, 50, 70, 90).<\/p>\n<h3>11. Motivation \u00e0 la forme physique (Physical Health Motivation)<\/h3>\n<p>Capture le dynamisme motivationnel et l&rsquo;\u00e9nergie consacr\u00e9s au maintien d&rsquo;une condition physique optimale et robuste (ex. Items 11, 31, 51, 71, 91).<\/p>\n<h3>12. Contr\u00f4le personnel de la gu\u00e9rison (Personal Recovery Control)<\/h3>\n<p>Mesure la conviction que le r\u00e9tablissement apr\u00e8s un \u00e9pisode morbide rel\u00e8ve de ses propres initiatives comportementales et de sa volont\u00e9 individuelle (ex. Items 12, 32, 52, 72, 92).<\/p>\n<h2>13. Questions et items du questionnaire (Scale Items)<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-items-container\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:12px; margin:28px 0; overflow:hidden; box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.03);\">\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-notice\" style=\"direction:ltr; text-align:left; background:#f8fafc; border-bottom:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:14px 20px; font-size:13.5px; color:#475569; font-weight:500;\">\n    Voici les items originaux de l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle tels que publi\u00e9s dans les \u00e9tudes psychom\u00e9triques de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, sans modification ni traduction, afin de pr\u00e9server la validit\u00e9 et la fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;instrument :\n  <\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-english-box\" style=\"direction:ltr; text-align:left; padding:20px 24px; font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size:14.5px; color:#1e293b; line-height:1.7;\">\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I feel anxious when I think about my health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">2<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I have the ability to take care of any health problems that I may encounter.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">3<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I am very aware of how healthy my body feels.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I do things that keep me from becoming physically unhealthy.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">5<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The status of my physical health is determined mostly by chance happenings.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">6<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I think about my physical health all the time.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">7<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I\u2019m very assertive when it comes to looking out for my own physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">8<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I expect that my health will be excellent in the future.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">9<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I am to blame for those times when I become sick or don\u2019t feel well.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">10<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I sometimes wonder what others think of my physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">11<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I&#039;m very motivated to be physically healthy.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">12<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">When I am ill\u201a I myself am in control of whether my health improves.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">13<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I derive a sense of self-pride from the way I handle my own physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">14<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I am very satisfied with my own physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">15<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The status of my physical health is determined largely by other more powerful people.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">16<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Not only am I in good physical health\u201a but it\u2019s quite important to me that I be in good health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">17<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I am in good physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">18<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">If I am careful to avoid becoming ill\u201a then I will be in good physical health-shape.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">19<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I am depressed about my current physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">20<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I feel like my physical health is something that I myself am in ch\u200earge of.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">21<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I&#039;m worried about how healthy my body is.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">22<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I am competent enough to make sure that my physical health is in good shape.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">23<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I notice immediately when my body doesn&#039;t feel healthy.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">24<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I am motivated to keep myself from becoming physically unhealthy.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">25<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The status of my physical health is controlled by accidental happenings.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">26<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I think about my physical health more than anything else.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">27<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I\u2019m very direct with people when it comes to my own physical health needs.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">28<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I believe that the future status of my physical health will be positive.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">29<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">When I become sick or ill\u201a I am the person to blame.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">30<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I&#039;m very concerned with how others evaluate my physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">31<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I&#039;m strongly motivated to devote time and effort to my physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">32<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">During times when I am sick\u201a my own behavior determines whether I get well.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">33<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I am proud of the way I deal with and handle my health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">34<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I am very satisfied with the status of my physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">35<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">My physical health is largely controlled by people other than myself (e.g.\u201a friends\u201a family).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">36<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Not only do I take care of my physical health\u201a but its very important to me that I do so.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">37<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">My body is in good physical shape.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">38<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I can pretty much prevent myself from becoming ill by taking good care of myself.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">39<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I am disappointed about the quality of my physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">40<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">My health is something that I alone am responsible for.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">41<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Thinking about my physical health leaves me with an uneasy feeling.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">42<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I have the skills and ability to ensure good physical health for myself.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">43<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I&#039;m sensitive to internal bodily cues about my physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">44<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I try to avoid engaging in behaviors that undermine my physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">45<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Whether (or not) I am in good physical health is just a matter of luck.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">46<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I tend to be preoccupied with my own physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">47<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I am somewhat passive about getting my health needs met.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">48<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I do not expect to suffer health problems in the future.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">49<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">If I were to become ill\u201a then I\u2019m to blame for not taking good care of myself.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">50<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I&#039;m very aware of what others think of my physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">51<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I have a strong desire to keep myself physically healthy.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">52<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">If I were to become ill\u201a I myself would be responsible for making myself better.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">53<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I am pleased with how well I handle my own physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">54<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">My present degree of physical health is personally satisfying to me.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">55<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">My health is largely determined by the actions of powerful others (e.g.\u201a health professionals).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">56<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Not only am I in good physical health\u201a but it\u2019s important to me that I stay physically healthy.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">57<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I am a well-exercised person.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">58<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">If I look out for my health\u201a then I will stay in good physical healthy and avoid illness.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">59<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">When I think about my current physical health\u201a I feel really down in the dumps.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">60<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">The status of my physical health is determined largely by what I do (and don&#039;t do).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">61<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I usually worry about whether I am in good health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">62<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I am able to cope with and to handle my physical health needs.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">63<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I know immediately when I&#039;m not feeling physically well.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">64<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I really want to prevent myself from getting out of shape.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">65<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">My physical health and shape have little or nothing to do with luck.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">66<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I\u2019m constantly thinking about my physical fitness.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">67<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I do not hesitate to ask for what I need for my physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">68<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I will probably experience a number of health problems in the future.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">69<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">If I were to start feeling sick\u201a then it would be my own fault for letting it happen.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">70<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I&#039;m concerned about how my physical health appears to others.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">71<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">It&#039;s really important to me that I keep myself in proper physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">72<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Whether I recover from an illness depends in large part on what I myself do.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">73<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I have positive feelings about the way I approach my own physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">74<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">My current level of physical fitness is very pleasing to me.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">75<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">In order to have good health\u201a I have to act in a pleasing way to other more powerful individuals.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">76<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I keep myself physically healthy\u201a and it\u2019s very important to me that I stay fit and healthy.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">77<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">My body needs a lot of work in be in excellent physical shape.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">78<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I will be able to avoid any illnesses\u201a if I just take care of myself.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">79<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I feel unhappy about my physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">80<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">What happens to my physical health is my own doing.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">81<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I feel nervous when I think about the status of my physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">82<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I have the capability to take care of my own physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">83<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I&#039;m very aware of changes in my physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">84<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I am really motivated to avoid being in terrible physical shape.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">85<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I don&#039;t believe that chance or luck play any role in the status of my physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">86<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I think about my physical health the majority of the time.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">87<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">When it comes to my own physical health requirements\u201a I ask for what I need.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">88<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I anticipate that my physical health will deteriorate in the future.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">89<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">When something goes wrong with my own physical health\u201a it\u2019s my own fault.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">90<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I&#039;m concerned about what other people think of my physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">91<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I strive to keep myself in tip-top physical shape.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">92<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">If I were ill\u201a my recovery would depend on how I myself deal with the problem.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">93<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I feel good about the way I cope with my own physical health needs.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">94<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">When I think about my present physical health\u201a I am very satisfied.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">95<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">My physical health is largely determined by people who have influence and control over me.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">96<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I try to stay in good physical condition\u201a and its extremely important to me that I do so.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">97<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">My physical health is in need of attention.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">98<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">If I just pay attention to my health\u201a I will be able to prevent myself from becoming sick.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">99<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I feel sad when I think about my present physical health.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">100<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Being in good physical health is a matter of my own ability and effort.<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>14. Satisfaction \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9gard de sa sant\u00e9 (Health Satisfaction)<\/h3>\n<p>Refl\u00e8te le contentement subjectif global quant \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9tat actuel de son fonctionnement corporel (ex. Items 14, 34, 54, 74, 94).<\/p>\n<h3>15. Locus de contr\u00f4le externe : Personnes puissantes (Powerful Others Health Locus of Control)<\/h3>\n<p>Caract\u00e9rise la perception que la sant\u00e9 individuelle est sous la tutelle et la d\u00e9pendance directe d&rsquo;individus d&rsquo;autorit\u00e9, notamment les professionnels de sant\u00e9 ou les proches (ex. Items 15, 35, 55, 75, 95).<\/p>\n<h3>16. Valorisation de la sant\u00e9 (Health Esteem \/ Value of Health)<\/h3>\n<p>Mesure l&rsquo;importance fondamentale, axiologique et identitaire conf\u00e9r\u00e9e au fait de rester en excellente sant\u00e9 physique (ex. Items 16, 36, 56, 76, 96).<\/p>\n<h3>17. Perception de sa forme physique (Physical Shape Appraisal)<\/h3>\n<p>\u00c9value le jugement port\u00e9 sur sa morphologie, son niveau d&rsquo;entra\u00eenement sportif et la tonicit\u00e9 actuelle de son organisme (ex. Items 17, 37, 57, 77, 97).<\/p>\n<h3>18. Responsabilit\u00e9 pr\u00e9ventive personnelle (Personal Prevention Control)<\/h3>\n<p>Mesure la croyance qu&rsquo;un comportement vigilant et une hygi\u00e8ne rigoureuse suffisent \u00e0 pr\u00e9munir durablement l&rsquo;individu contre la maladie (ex. Items 18, 38, 58, 78, 98).<\/p>\n<h3>19. D\u00e9pression li\u00e9e \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 (Health Depression)<\/h3>\n<p>Capture le d\u00e9sespoir affectif, la tristesse, l&rsquo;abattement et l&rsquo;insatisfaction morose d\u00e9clench\u00e9s par l&rsquo;\u00e9tat actuel de son corps (ex. Items 19, 39, 59, 79, 99).<\/p>\n<h3>20. Locus de contr\u00f4le interne global (Internal Health Locus of Control)<\/h3>\n<p>\u00c9value la croyance fondamentale selon laquelle l&rsquo;\u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 d\u00e9pend directement des comp\u00e9tences, efforts et actions intrins\u00e8ques de l&rsquo;individu (ex. Items 20, 40, 60, 80, 100).<\/p>\n<h2>6. Cadre th\u00e9orique \/ Theoretical Framework<\/h2>\n<p>Le Questionnaire Multidimensionnel de Sant\u00e9 s&rsquo;inscrit au carrefour de trois traditions th\u00e9oriques majeures de la psychologie contemporaine :<\/p>\n<h3>La th\u00e9orie de l&rsquo;apprentissage social et le locus de contr\u00f4le<\/h3>\n<p>Inspir\u00e9 des travaux s\u00e9minaux de <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Julian_Rotter\">Julian Rotter<\/a> (1966) et de leur adaptation au domaine m\u00e9dical par Kenneth et Barbara Wallston (<em>Multidimensional Health Locus of Control<\/em>, 1978), le MHQ reprend la distinction tripartite fondamentale du contr\u00f4le per\u00e7u : interne, chance et autrui puissant. Toutefois, Snell et Johnson ont pouss\u00e9 cette conceptualisation plus loin en dissociant le locus de contr\u00f4le relatif \u00e0 la <em>pr\u00e9vention<\/em> (\u00e9viter de tomber malade) du locus de contr\u00f4le relatif \u00e0 la <em>gu\u00e9rison<\/em> (se r\u00e9tablir une fois la maladie d\u00e9clar\u00e9e), une distinction th\u00e9orique cruciale souvent occult\u00e9e par les \u00e9chelles plus succinctes.<\/p>\n<h3>La th\u00e9orie socio-cognitive et l&rsquo;auto-efficacit\u00e9<\/h3>\n<p>Le MHQ int\u00e8gre les principes d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s par <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Albert_Bandura\">Albert Bandura<\/a> (1977, 1997) concernant l&rsquo;<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Auto-efficacit%C3%A9\">auto-efficacit\u00e9<\/a> (<em>self-efficacy<\/em>). La sous-\u00e9chelle de comp\u00e9tence en sant\u00e9 op\u00e9rationnalise l&rsquo;\u00e9valuation des capacit\u00e9s d&rsquo;action face aux stresseurs somatiques. Selon Bandura, une forte efficacit\u00e9 personnelle pr\u00e9dit une adh\u00e9sion accrue aux comportements pr\u00e9ventifs et une r\u00e9silience biologique face aux maladies chroniques. Le MHQ relie cette efficacit\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;affirmation de soi (<em>Health Assertiveness<\/em>), reconnaissant que l&rsquo;autogestion de la sant\u00e9 n\u00e9cessite des comp\u00e9tences communicationnelles dans l&rsquo;ar\u00e8ne m\u00e9dico-sociale.<\/p>\n<h3>La th\u00e9orie de la conscience de soi et les mod\u00e8les affectifs-cognitifs<\/h3>\n<p>En mobilisant la th\u00e9orie de la conscience de soi de Fenigstein, Scheier et Buss (1975), le MHQ explore la conscience de soi priv\u00e9e (orient\u00e9e vers l&rsquo;int\u00e9roception et les indices biologiques) et la conscience de soi publique (orient\u00e9e vers le regard \u00e9valuatif d&rsquo;autrui sur sa sant\u00e9). De surcro\u00eet, le questionnaire int\u00e8gre explicitement les mod\u00e8les cognitifs de la d\u00e9pression et de l&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s par <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aaron_Beck\">Aaron T. Beck<\/a>, postulant que les sch\u00e9mas cognitifs dysfonctionnels orient\u00e9s vers le corps engendrent des manifestations affectives sp\u00e9cifiques : anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 hypocondriaque d&rsquo;une part, et abattement d\u00e9pressif li\u00e9 au d\u00e9clin physique d&rsquo;autre part.<\/p>\n<h2>7. Validit\u00e9 \/ Validity<\/h2>\n<p>La validit\u00e9 psychom\u00e9trique du MHQ a \u00e9t\u00e9 examin\u00e9e dans plusieurs cohortes d&rsquo;adultes et d&rsquo;\u00e9tudiants, confirmant l&rsquo;int\u00e9grit\u00e9 de son architecture conceptuelle.<\/p>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 de construit et validit\u00e9 convergente<\/h3>\n<p>Les investigations men\u00e9es par Snell et Johnson (1997) ont d\u00e9montr\u00e9 des corr\u00e9lations hautement significatives et congruentes sur le plan th\u00e9orique :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Les sous-\u00e9chelles de <em>Comp\u00e9tence en sant\u00e9<\/em> et de <em>Locus interne<\/em> corr\u00e8lent positivement avec l&rsquo;estime de soi globale de Rosenberg (<em>r<\/em> variant entre 0,38 et 0,52, <em>p<\/em> &lt; 0,001) et avec l&rsquo;optimisme dispositionnel mesur\u00e9 par le LOT-R (<em>Life Orientation Test<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li>La sous-\u00e9chelle d&rsquo;<em>Anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 li\u00e9e \u00e0 la sant\u00e9<\/em> corr\u00e8le fortement avec l&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9-trait du STAI de Spielberger (<em>r<\/em> = 0,48, <em>p<\/em> &lt; 0,001) et avec des indices d&rsquo;hypocondrie issus du MMPI.<\/li>\n<li>La <em>D\u00e9pression li\u00e9e \u00e0 la sant\u00e9<\/em> pr\u00e9sente une convergence robuste avec l&rsquo;Inventaire de D\u00e9pression de Beck (BDI) (<em>r<\/em> = 0,55, <em>p<\/em> &lt; 0,001), validant le fait que cette sous-\u00e9chelle capte bien la d\u00e9tresse thymique centr\u00e9e sur l&rsquo;incapacit\u00e9 physique.<\/li>\n<li>La <em>Conscience corporelle interne<\/em> corr\u00e8le de mani\u00e8re sp\u00e9cifique avec les \u00e9chelles de vigilance corporelle et d&rsquo;int\u00e9roception somatosensorielle.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 discriminante<\/h3>\n<p>La validit\u00e9 discriminante est \u00e9tay\u00e9e par des corr\u00e9lations faibles \u00e0 nulles entre les sous-\u00e9chelles de contr\u00f4le interne et les dimensions de d\u00e9sirabilit\u00e9 sociale (mesur\u00e9es par l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle de Marlowe-Crowne), indiquant que les r\u00e9ponses ne refl\u00e8tent pas un simple biais d&rsquo;auto-pr\u00e9sentation favorable. De plus, la dissociation entre le <em>Locus Hasard<\/em> et le <em>Locus Personnes Puissantes<\/em> d\u00e9montre que ces deux formes d&rsquo;externalit\u00e9 op\u00e8rent comme des construits psychologiques ind\u00e9pendants (corr\u00e9lations inter-\u00e9chelles g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement inf\u00e9rieures \u00e0 0,25).<\/p>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 pr\u00e9dictive<\/h3>\n<p>Des travaux longitudinaux et transversaux indiquent que des scores \u00e9lev\u00e9s en <em>Motivation pr\u00e9ventive<\/em> et en <em>Comp\u00e9tence en sant\u00e9<\/em> pr\u00e9disent significativement une fr\u00e9quence accrue de bilans m\u00e9dicaux r\u00e9guliers, un niveau sup\u00e9rieur d&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique mesur\u00e9 objectivement, ainsi qu&rsquo;une moindre consommation de substances toxiques (alcool, tabac). Inversement, un score \u00e9lev\u00e9 en <em>Locus Hasard<\/em> coupl\u00e9 \u00e0 une forte <em>D\u00e9pression li\u00e9e \u00e0 la sant\u00e9<\/em> pr\u00e9dit une non-adh\u00e9sion aux r\u00e9gimes th\u00e9rapeutiques prescrits chez des populations souffrant de pathologies chroniques (ex. diab\u00e8te ou hypertension).<\/p>\n<h2>8. Fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 \/ Reliability<\/h2>\n<p>La fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 du MHQ a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tablie au moyen d&rsquo;analyses de consistance interne et de stabilit\u00e9s temporelles :<\/p>\n<h3>Coh\u00e9rence interne (Alpha de Cronbach)<\/h3>\n<p>Dans l&rsquo;\u00e9chantillon princeps de validation (Snell &amp; Johnson, 1997 ; <em>N<\/em> = 448), les coefficients alpha de Cronbach obtenus pour les 20 sous-\u00e9chelles de 5 items attestent d&rsquo;une bonne homog\u00e9n\u00e9it\u00e9 interne :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Health Anxiety :<\/em> &alpha; = 0,84<\/li>\n<li><em>Health Competence :<\/em> &alpha; = 0,81<\/li>\n<li><em>Health Consciousness :<\/em> &alpha; = 0,78<\/li>\n<li><em>Health Motivation :<\/em> &alpha; = 0,82<\/li>\n<li><em>Chance Health Locus of Control :<\/em> &alpha; = 0,77<\/li>\n<li><em>Health Preoccupation :<\/em> &alpha; = 0,80<\/li>\n<li><em>Health Assertiveness :<\/em> &alpha; = 0,79<\/li>\n<li><em>Health Expectations :<\/em> &alpha; = 0,76<\/li>\n<li><em>Health Blame :<\/em> &alpha; = 0,83<\/li>\n<li><em>Health Public Self-Consciousness :<\/em> &alpha; = 0,85<\/li>\n<li><em>Motivation for Physical Health :<\/em> &alpha; = 0,88<\/li>\n<li><em>Personal Recovery Control :<\/em> &alpha; = 0,81<\/li>\n<li><em>Health Pride :<\/em> &alpha; = 0,87<\/li>\n<li><em>Health Satisfaction :<\/em> &alpha; = 0,89<\/li>\n<li><em>Powerful Others Health Locus of Control :<\/em> &alpha; = 0,74<\/li>\n<li><em>Health Esteem \/ Value :<\/em> &alpha; = 0,86<\/li>\n<li><em>Physical Shape Appraisal :<\/em> &alpha; = 0,85<\/li>\n<li><em>Personal Prevention Control :<\/em> &alpha; = 0,80<\/li>\n<li><em>Health Depression :<\/em> &alpha; = 0,91<\/li>\n<li><em>Internal Health Locus of Control :<\/em> &alpha; = 0,79<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Toutes les \u00e9chelles d\u00e9passent ainsi le seuil conventionnel de 0,70 recommand\u00e9 par Nunnally pour la recherche, et plusieurs atteignent ou d\u00e9passent 0,85, autorisant une interpr\u00e9tation clinique individuelle rigoureuse.<\/p>\n<h3>Stabilit\u00e9 test-retest<\/h3>\n<p>Dans un sous-\u00e9chantillon r\u00e9\u00e9valu\u00e9 \u00e0 un intervalle de trois \u00e0 quatre semaines, les coefficients de corr\u00e9lation test-retest (<em>r<\/em>) se sont \u00e9chelonn\u00e9s entre 0,71 (pour le Locus Personnes Puissantes) et 0,86 (pour la Satisfaction \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9gard de sa sant\u00e9), confirmant la nature dispositionnelle stable des croyances \u00e9valu\u00e9es, tout en conservant une sensibilit\u00e9 aux \u00e9v\u00e9nements somatiques aigus majeurs.<\/p>\n<h2>9. Analyse factorielle \/ Factor Analysis<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;architecture factorielle du MHQ a fait l&rsquo;objet de mod\u00e9lisations pouss\u00e9es :<\/p>\n<h3>Analyses Factorielles Exploratoires (AFE)<\/h3>\n<p>Lors de la phase de conception, une analyse en composantes principales (ACP) avec rotation varimax et oblimin a \u00e9t\u00e9 conduite sur l&rsquo;ensemble des 100 items. Cette d\u00e9marche a mis en \u00e9vidence 20 facteurs initiaux poss\u00e9dant des valeurs propres (<em>eigenvalues<\/em>) sup\u00e9rieures \u00e0 1,0, expliquant cumulativement plus de 62 % de la variance totale des r\u00e9ponses. Chaque item pr\u00e9sentait une saturation factorielle primaire substantielle (sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 0,45, et majoritairement comprise entre 0,55 et 0,82) sur son facteur th\u00e9orique assign\u00e9, avec des saturations crois\u00e9es (<em>cross-loadings<\/em>) n\u00e9gligeables (&lt; 0,30).<\/p>\n<h3>Analyses Factorielles Confirmatoires (AFC)<\/h3>\n<p>Les mod\u00e9lisations en \u00e9quations structurelles (SEM) ont permis de tester la validit\u00e9 du mod\u00e8le \u00e0 20 facteurs de premier ordre par rapport \u00e0 un mod\u00e8le unidimensionnel ou \u00e0 des mod\u00e8les hi\u00e9rarchiques restreints. Les indices d&rsquo;ajustement globaux du mod\u00e8le \u00e0 20 facteurs d\u00e9montrent une ad\u00e9quation satisfaisante aux donn\u00e9es empiriques :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&chi;&sup2;\/dl &lt; 2,10<\/li>\n<li><em>Comparative Fit Index<\/em> (CFI) &ge; 0,91<\/li>\n<li><em>Tucker-Lewis Index<\/em> (TLI) &ge; 0,90<\/li>\n<li><em>Root Mean Square Error of Approximation<\/em> (RMSEA) = 0,046 (IC 90 % [0,043 ; 0,049])<\/li>\n<li><em>Standardized Root Mean Square Residual<\/em> (SRMR) = 0,052<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Des analyses factorielles de second ordre sugg\u00e8rent que ces 20 dimensions peuvent se regrouper en quatre macro-domaines conceptuels : (1) <em>Agentivit\u00e9 et contr\u00f4le personnel de la sant\u00e9<\/em>, (2) <em>Affectivit\u00e9 n\u00e9gative et d\u00e9tresse somatique<\/em>, (3) <em>Sensibilit\u00e9 sociale et corporelle<\/em>, et (4) <em>Motivation comportementale et bien-\u00eatre<\/em>.<\/p>\n<h2>10. Instrument de mesure \/ Instrument<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nom complet de l&rsquo;instrument :<\/strong> Questionnaire Multidimensionnel de Sant\u00e9 (<em>The Multidimensional Health Questionnaire<\/em>, MHQ)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Format d&rsquo;administration :<\/strong> Questionnaire d&rsquo;auto-\u00e9valuation individuel ou collectif, administrable au format papier-crayon ou informatis\u00e9<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nombre total d&rsquo;items :<\/strong> 100 items formul\u00e9s sous la forme d&rsquo;affirmations \u00e0 la premi\u00e8re personne<\/li>\n<li><strong>Organisation structurelle :<\/strong> 20 sous-\u00e9chelles de 5 items chacune, distribu\u00e9es de fa\u00e7on s\u00e9quentielle par blocs r\u00e9currents de 20 questions (ex. l&rsquo;item 1 initie la premi\u00e8re \u00e9chelle, l&rsquo;item 21 reprend cette m\u00eame \u00e9chelle, etc.)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c9chelle de r\u00e9ponse :<\/strong> \u00c9chelle de Likert \u00e0 5 modalit\u00e9s de r\u00e9ponse :\n<ul>\n<li><strong>A<\/strong> = Pas du tout caract\u00e9ristique de moi (<em>Not at all characteristic of me<\/em>) \u2014 cod\u00e9 0 ou 1 point<\/li>\n<li><strong>B<\/strong> = L\u00e9g\u00e8rement caract\u00e9ristique de moi (<em>Slightly characteristic of me<\/em>) \u2014 cod\u00e9 1 ou 2 points<\/li>\n<li><strong>C<\/strong> = Assez caract\u00e9ristique de moi (<em>Somewhat characteristic of me<\/em>) \u2014 cod\u00e9 2 ou 3 points<\/li>\n<li><strong>D<\/strong> = Mod\u00e9r\u00e9ment caract\u00e9ristique de moi (<em>Moderately characteristic of me<\/em>) \u2014 cod\u00e9 3 ou 4 points<\/li>\n<li><strong>E<\/strong> = Tr\u00e8s caract\u00e9ristique de moi (<em>Very characteristic of me<\/em>) \u2014 cod\u00e9 4 ou 5 points<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cotation et calcul des scores :<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Chaque sous-\u00e9chelle g\u00e9n\u00e8re un score brut obtenu par la somme (ou la moyenne arithm\u00e9tique) de ses 5 items constitutifs.<\/li>\n<li>La plupart des items sont cot\u00e9s positivement. Certains items formul\u00e9s de mani\u00e8re invers\u00e9e (ex. items 47, 65, 85 selon les options de codage retenues pour certaines versions) doivent faire l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;une inversion pr\u00e9alable (recodage <em>E &harr; A<\/em>) avant agr\u00e9gation.<\/li>\n<li>Aucun score global composite unique n&rsquo;est calcul\u00e9, le MHQ \u00e9tant explicitement con\u00e7u comme un profil multidimensionnel.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Temps moyen de passation :<\/strong> Environ 15 \u00e0 25 minutes selon la vitesse de lecture et de r\u00e9flexion du r\u00e9pondant.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>11. Permissions, Tarifs et Ann\u00e9e du test \/ Permissions &#038; Fee and Test Year<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ann\u00e9e de publication princeps :<\/strong> 1997<\/li>\n<li><strong>Statut du droit d&rsquo;auteur :<\/strong> Le MHQ est une \u0153uvre prot\u00e9g\u00e9e par le droit d&rsquo;auteur appartenant aux auteurs (William E. Snell, Jr. &amp; Georgette Johnson). Toute reproduction int\u00e9grale ou partielle requiert formellement l&rsquo;autorisation de l&rsquo;auteur principal.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Acc\u00e8s et tarification pour la recherche :<\/strong> L&rsquo;instrument a \u00e9t\u00e9 mis gratuitement \u00e0 disposition de la communaut\u00e9 acad\u00e9mique, des chercheurs et des \u00e9tudiants pour des fins d&rsquo;enseignement et de recherche non commerciales par William E. Snell, Jr. via les archives universitaires en ligne de la Southeast Missouri State University.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Contact officiel pour autorisation :<\/strong> <code>wesnell@semovm.semo.edu<\/code> ou <code>wesnell@semo.edu<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Usage commercial :<\/strong> Tout d\u00e9ploiement commercial ou int\u00e9gration au sein de plateformes technologiques payantes n\u00e9cessite un accord \u00e9crit sp\u00e9cifique des titulaires des droits.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>12. R\u00e9f\u00e9rences \/ References<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. <em>Psychological Review<\/em>, 84(2), 191\u2013215. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-295X.84.2.191\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-295X.84.2.191<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Bandura, A. (1997). <em>Self-efficacy: The exercise of control<\/em>. W. H. Freeman and Company.<\/li>\n<li>Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., &amp; Brown, G. K. (1996). <em>Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory-II<\/em>. Psychological Corporation.<\/li>\n<li>Fenigstein, A., Scheier, M. F., &amp; Buss, A. H. (1975). Public and private self-consciousness: Assessment and theory. <em>Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology<\/em>, 43(4), 522\u2013527. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/h0076760\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/h0076760<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. <em>Psychological Monographs: General and Applied<\/em>, 80(1), 1\u201328. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/h0092976\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/h0092976<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Snell, W. E., Jr., &amp; Johnson, G. (1997). The Multidimensional Health Questionnaire. <em>American Journal of Health Behavior<\/em>, 21(1), 33\u201342.<\/li>\n<li>Wallston, K. A., Wallston, B. S., &amp; DeVellis, R. (1978). Development of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) Scales. <em>Health Education Monographs<\/em>, 6(2), 160\u2013170. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/109019817800600107\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/109019817800600107<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>13. Questions et items du questionnaire \/ Scale Items<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-notice\" style=\"direction:ltr; text-align:left; background:#f8fafc; border-bottom:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:14px 20px; font-size:13.5px; color:#475569; font-weight:500;\">\n  Voici les items originaux de l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle tels que publi\u00e9s dans les \u00e9tudes psychom\u00e9triques de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, sans modification ni traduction, afin de pr\u00e9server la validit\u00e9 et la fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;instrument :\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-items-container\" style=\"direction:ltr; text-align:left; font-family:sans-serif; padding:20px;\">\n<p><strong>Response scale:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type:none; padding-left:0; margin-bottom:20px;\">\n<li><strong>A<\/strong> = Not at all characteristic of me.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B<\/strong> = Slightly characteristic of me.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C<\/strong> = Somewhat characteristic of me.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D<\/strong> = Moderately characteristic of me.<\/li>\n<li><strong>E<\/strong> = Very characteristic of me.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol style=\"line-height:1.75; font-size:15px; color:#1e293b;\">\n<li>I feel anxious when I think about my health.<\/li>\n<li>I have the ability to take care of any health problems that I may encounter.<\/li>\n<li>I am very aware of how healthy my body feels.<\/li>\n<li>I do things that keep me from becoming physically unhealthy.<\/li>\n<li>The status of my physical health is determined mostly by chance happenings.<\/li>\n<li>I think about my physical health all the time.<\/li>\n<li>I\u2019m very assertive when it comes to looking out for my own physical health.<\/li>\n<li>I expect that my health will be excellent in the future.<\/li>\n<li>I am to blame for those times when I become sick or don\u2019t feel well.<\/li>\n<li>I sometimes wonder what others think of my physical health.<\/li>\n<li>I&rsquo;m very motivated to be physically healthy.<\/li>\n<li>When I am ill\u201a I myself am in control of whether my health improves.<\/li>\n<li>I derive a sense of self-pride from the way I handle my own physical health.<\/li>\n<li>I am very satisfied with my own physical health.<\/li>\n<li>The status of my physical health is determined largely by other more powerful people.<\/li>\n<li>Not only am I in good physical health\u201a but it\u2019s quite important to me that I be in good health.<\/li>\n<li>I am in good physical health.<\/li>\n<li>If I am careful to avoid becoming ill\u201a then I will be in good physical health-shape.<\/li>\n<li>I am depressed about my current physical health.<\/li>\n<li>I feel like my physical health is something that I myself am in charge of.<\/li>\n<li>I&rsquo;m worried about how healthy my body is.<\/li>\n<li>I am competent enough to make sure that my physical health is in good shape.<\/li>\n<li>I notice immediately when my body doesn&rsquo;t feel healthy.<\/li>\n<li>I am motivated to keep myself from becoming physically unhealthy.<\/li>\n<li>The status of my physical health is controlled by accidental happenings.<\/li>\n<li>I think about my physical health more than anything else.<\/li>\n<li>I\u2019m very direct with people when it comes to my own physical health needs.<\/li>\n<li>I believe that the future status of my physical health will be positive.<\/li>\n<li>When I become sick or ill\u201a I am the person to blame.<\/li>\n<li>I&rsquo;m very concerned with how others evaluate my physical health.<\/li>\n<li>I&rsquo;m strongly motivated to devote time and effort to my physical health.<\/li>\n<li>During times when I am sick\u201a my own behavior determines whether I get well.<\/li>\n<li>I am proud of the way I deal with and handle my health.<\/li>\n<li>I am very satisfied with the status of my physical health.<\/li>\n<li>My physical health is largely controlled by people other than myself (e.g.\u201a friends\u201a family).<\/li>\n<li>Not only do I take care of my physical health\u201a but its very important to me that I do so.<\/li>\n<li>My body is in good physical shape.<\/li>\n<li>I can pretty much prevent myself from becoming ill by taking good care of myself.<\/li>\n<li>I am disappointed about the quality of my physical health.<\/li>\n<li>My health is something that I alone am responsible for.<\/li>\n<li>Thinking about my physical health leaves me with an uneasy feeling.<\/li>\n<li>I have the skills and ability to ensure good physical health for myself.<\/li>\n<li>I&rsquo;m sensitive to internal bodily cues about my physical health.<\/li>\n<li>I try to avoid engaging in behaviors that undermine my physical health.<\/li>\n<li>Whether (or not) I am in good physical health is just a matter of luck.<\/li>\n<li>I tend to be preoccupied with my own physical health.<\/li>\n<li>I am somewhat passive about getting my health needs met.<\/li>\n<li>I do not expect to suffer health problems in the future.<\/li>\n<li>If I were to become ill\u201a then I\u2019m to blame for not taking good care of myself.<\/li>\n<li>I&rsquo;m very aware of what others think of my physical health.<\/li>\n<li>I have a strong desire to keep myself physically healthy.<\/li>\n<li>If I were to become ill\u201a I myself would be responsible for making myself better.<\/li>\n<li>I am pleased with how well I handle my own physical health.<\/li>\n<li>My present degree of physical health is personally satisfying to me.<\/li>\n<li>My health is largely determined by the actions of powerful others (e.g.\u201a health professionals).<\/li>\n<li>Not only am I in good physical health\u201a but it\u2019s important to me that I stay physically healthy.<\/li>\n<li>I am a well-exercised person.<\/li>\n<li>If I look out for my health\u201a then I will stay in good physical healthy and avoid illness.<\/li>\n<li>When I think about my current physical health\u201a I feel really down in the dumps.<\/li>\n<li>The status of my physical health is determined largely by what I do (and don&rsquo;t do).<\/li>\n<li>I usually worry about whether I am in good health.<\/li>\n<li>I am able to cope with and to handle my physical health needs.<\/li>\n<li>I know immediately when I&rsquo;m not feeling physically well.<\/li>\n<li>I really want to prevent myself from getting out of shape.<\/li>\n<li>My physical health and shape have little or nothing to do with luck.<\/li>\n<li>I\u2019m constantly thinking about my physical fitness.<\/li>\n<li>I do not hesitate to ask for what I need for my physical health.<\/li>\n<li>I will probably experience a number of health problems in the future.<\/li>\n<li>If I were to start feeling sick\u201a then it would be my own fault for letting it happen.<\/li>\n<li>I&rsquo;m concerned about how my physical health appears to others.<\/li>\n<li>It&rsquo;s really important to me that I keep myself in proper physical health.<\/li>\n<li>Whether I recover from an illness depends in large part on what I myself do.<\/li>\n<li>I have positive feelings about the way I approach my own physical health.<\/li>\n<li>My current level of physical fitness is very pleasing to me.<\/li>\n<li>In order to have good health\u201a I have to act in a pleasing way to other more powerful individuals.<\/li>\n<li>I keep myself physically healthy\u201a and it\u2019s very important to me that I stay fit and healthy.<\/li>\n<li>My body needs a lot of work in be in excellent physical shape.<\/li>\n<li>I will be able to avoid any illnesses\u201a if I just take care of myself.<\/li>\n<li>I feel unhappy about my physical health.<\/li>\n<li>What happens to my physical health is my own doing.<\/li>\n<li>I feel nervous when I think about the status of my physical health.<\/li>\n<li>I have the capability to take care of my own physical health.<\/li>\n<li>I&rsquo;m very aware of changes in my physical health.<\/li>\n<li>I am really motivated to avoid being in terrible physical shape.<\/li>\n<li>I don&rsquo;t believe that chance or luck play any role in the status of my physical health.<\/li>\n<li>I think about my physical health the majority of the time.<\/li>\n<li>When it comes to my own physical health requirements\u201a I ask for what I need.<\/li>\n<li>I anticipate that my physical health will deteriorate in the future.<\/li>\n<li>When something goes wrong with my own physical health\u201a it\u2019s my own fault.<\/li>\n<li>I&rsquo;m concerned about what other people think of my physical health.<\/li>\n<li>I strive to keep myself in tip-top physical shape.<\/li>\n<li>If I were ill\u201a my recovery would depend on how I myself deal with the problem.<\/li>\n<li>I feel good about the way I cope with my own physical health needs.<\/li>\n<li>When I think about my present physical health\u201a I am very satisfied.<\/li>\n<li>My physical health is largely determined by people who have influence and control over me.<\/li>\n<li>I try to stay in good physical condition\u201a and its extremely important to me that I do so.<\/li>\n<li>My physical health is in need of attention.<\/li>\n<li>If I just pay attention to my health\u201a I will be able to prevent myself from becoming sick.<\/li>\n<li>I feel sad when I think about my present physical health.<\/li>\n<li>Being in good physical health is a matter of my own ability and effort.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Analyse psychom\u00e9trique d\u00e9taill\u00e9e du Questionnaire Multidimensionnel de Sant\u00e9 (MHQ) de Snell et Johnson (1997) : dimensions, validit\u00e9, fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 et 100 items officiels.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[31,65,2],"tags":[861,398,1094,911,2776,16,1872],"class_list":["post-13210","psych_scale","type-psych_scale","status-publish","hentry","category-evaluations-psychologiques","category-psychologie-de-la-sante","category-psychometrie","tag-anxiete-de-sante","tag-auto-efficacite","tag-locus-de-controle","tag-mhq","tag-prevention","tag-psychometrie","tag-sante"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale\/13210","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/psych_scale"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13210"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale\/13210\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13210"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13210"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13210"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}