{"id":12951,"date":"2026-10-03T10:00:43","date_gmt":"2026-10-03T10:00:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/scales\/inventaire-des-competences-en-communication-interpersonnelle\/"},"modified":"2026-10-03T10:00:43","modified_gmt":"2026-10-03T10:00:43","slug":"inventaire-des-competences-en-communication-interpersonnelle","status":"publish","type":"psych_scale","link":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/?psych_scale=inventaire-des-competences-en-communication-interpersonnelle","title":{"rendered":"Inventaire des comp\u00e9tences en communication interpersonnelle"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>1. R\u00e9sum\u00e9 \/ Abstract<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;<strong>Inventaire des comp\u00e9tences en communication interpersonnelle<\/strong> (<em>Interpersonal Communication Skills Inventory<\/em>, ICSI), d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;origine par le cabinet d&rsquo;ing\u00e9nierie p\u00e9dagogique et organisationnelle <em>Learning Dynamics<\/em> en 2002, est un outil psychom\u00e9trique et diagnostique con\u00e7u pour \u00e9valuer l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 des comportements de communication dans les interactions humaines quotidiennes et professionnelles. Compos\u00e9 de 40 items r\u00e9partis de mani\u00e8re \u00e9quilibr\u00e9e en quatre sous-\u00e9chelles fondamentales de dix items chacune, l&rsquo;instrument mesure quatre piliers incontournables des comp\u00e9tences psychosociales : l&rsquo;\u00e9mission de messages clairs (<em>Sending Clear Messages<\/em>), l&rsquo;\u00e9coute active (<em>Listening<\/em>), l&rsquo;\u00e9mission et la r\u00e9ception de r\u00e9troaction (<em>Giving and Getting Feedback<\/em>), ainsi que la gestion des interactions \u00e9motionnelles (<em>Handling Emotional Interactions<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>Les participants \u00e9valuent la fr\u00e9quence de leurs comportements habituels \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide d&rsquo;une \u00e9chelle ordinale \u00e0 trois modalit\u00e9s (\u00ab Habituellement \u00bb \/ <em>Usually<\/em>, \u00ab Parfois \u00bb \/ <em>Sometimes<\/em>, \u00ab Rarement \u00bb \/ <em>Seldom<\/em>). Le protocole de cotation utilise un bar\u00e8me asym\u00e9trique pond\u00e9r\u00e9 (0, 1 ou 3 points) qui tient compte de la valence fonctionnelle ou dysfonctionnelle de chaque \u00e9nonc\u00e9, permettant d&rsquo;obtenir un score partiel par dimension variant de 0 \u00e0 30 points, et un score global allant de 0 \u00e0 120 points. Sur le plan psychom\u00e9trique, les analyses d\u00e9montrent une bonne coh\u00e9rence interne globale (coefficients alpha de Cronbach oscillant g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement entre 0,78 et 0,87 selon les \u00e9chantillons de validation organisationnelle et universitaire) ainsi qu&rsquo;une fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 test-retest robuste. L&rsquo;instrument est largement utilis\u00e9 dans les bilans de comp\u00e9tences, le <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coaching\">coaching<\/a> pour cadres et dirigeants, la m\u00e9diation de conflits au travail et la formation universitaire aux habilet\u00e9s relationnelles.<\/p>\n<h2>2. Mots-cl\u00e9s \/ Keywords<\/h2>\n<p>comp\u00e9tences en communication, communication interpersonnelle, \u00e9coute active, r\u00e9troaction, feedback constructif, r\u00e9gulation \u00e9motionnelle, intelligence \u00e9motionnelle, affirmateur de soi, psychom\u00e9trie organisationnelle, habilet\u00e9s sociales, r\u00e9solution de conflits, pragmatique de la communication<\/p>\n<h2>3. Auteurs \/ Authors<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;inventaire a \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7u et publi\u00e9 par l&rsquo;organisme de conseil et de d\u00e9veloppement organisationnel <strong>Learning Dynamics<\/strong> (\u00c9tats-Unis) en 2002. Cet institut se sp\u00e9cialise dans le perfectionnement manag\u00e9rial, l&rsquo;optimisation du leadership et la formation aux dynamiques relationnelles en entreprise. Bien que con\u00e7u initialement comme un questionnaire d&rsquo;auto-\u00e9valuation diagnostique pour les programmes de d\u00e9veloppement des comp\u00e9tences des \u00e9quipes et du personnel d&rsquo;encadrement, le questionnaire a \u00e9t\u00e9 repris dans de multiples travaux acad\u00e9miques sur l&rsquo;apprentissage exp\u00e9rientiel et la communication manag\u00e9riale appliqu\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<h2>4. Objectif \/ Purpose<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;objectif fondamental de l&rsquo;Inventaire des comp\u00e9tences en communication interpersonnelle est d&rsquo;identifier de mani\u00e8re syst\u00e9matique les forces et les vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s comportementales d&rsquo;un individu dans ses \u00e9changes interpersonnels. Contrairement aux outils purement ax\u00e9s sur les traits de personnalit\u00e9 immuables (tels que le mod\u00e8le des Big Five), l&rsquo;ICSI adopte une approche comportementale et fonctionnelle : il examine des r\u00e9pertoires d&rsquo;actions observables, modifiables et \u00e9ducables.<\/p>\n<p>Dans les contextes organisationnels et cliniques contemporains, les d\u00e9faillances communicationnelles constituent l&rsquo;une des causes premi\u00e8res du <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stress_au_travail\">stress professionnel<\/a>, des conflits d&rsquo;\u00e9quipe, de la baisse de productivit\u00e9 et de l&rsquo;\u00e9puisement \u00e9motionnel. L&rsquo;ICSI permet de d\u00e9construire le processus global de communication en quatre s\u00e9quences distinctes, r\u00e9pondant ainsi \u00e0 des besoins cibl\u00e9s :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Dans le domaine organisationnel et de la formation :<\/strong> identifier les besoins d&rsquo;apprentissage en leadership, faciliter les programmes de renforcement d&rsquo;\u00e9quipe (<em>team building<\/em>), am\u00e9liorer les relations client et optimiser la n\u00e9gociation commerciale.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dans le coaching de gestion et le conseil aux cadres :<\/strong> mettre en lumi\u00e8re les angles morts relationnels, tels que la tendance \u00e0 couper la parole, l&rsquo;incapacit\u00e9 \u00e0 recevoir des critiques constructives ou la passivit\u00e9 face aux confrontations.<\/li>\n<li><strong>En m\u00e9diation et gestion des conflits :<\/strong> servir de tiers instrument pour objectiver les dynamiques toxiques ou asym\u00e9triques au sein d&rsquo;un groupe ou d&rsquo;un dyade.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dans l&rsquo;enseignement sup\u00e9rieur et la recherche :<\/strong> sensibiliser les \u00e9tudiants aux dimensions pratiques de l&rsquo;affirmation de soi et documenter l&rsquo;impact des modules d&rsquo;entra\u00eenement aux comp\u00e9tences relationnelles sur l&#8217;employabilit\u00e9 et le climat interpersonnel.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>5. Construit psychologique \/ Construct<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;inventaire op\u00e9rationnalise la comp\u00e9tence communicationnelle comme un m\u00e9ta-construit multidimensionnel articul\u00e9 autour de quatre composantes interd\u00e9pendantes :<\/p>\n<h3>1. \u00c9mission de messages clairs (<em>Sending Clear Messages<\/em>, Items 1 \u00e0 10)<\/h3>\n<p>Cette composante \u00e9value la capacit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;\u00e9metteur \u00e0 formuler ses pens\u00e9es, opinions et besoins avec pr\u00e9cision, concision et assertivit\u00e9. Elle examine si l&rsquo;individu exprime fid\u00e8lement ses intentions sans supposer \u00e0 tort que son interlocuteur dispose d&rsquo;un acc\u00e8s t\u00e9l\u00e9pathique \u00e0 ses pens\u00e9es (biais de transparence). Elle explore \u00e9galement la vigilance port\u00e9e au langage para-verbal (intonation, volume) et la propension \u00e0 rechercher un terrain d&rsquo;entente mutuel lors des conversations.<\/p>\n<h3>2. \u00c9coute active (<em>Listening<\/em>, Items 11 \u00e0 20)<\/h3>\n<p>L&rsquo;\u00e9coute active va bien au-del\u00e0 de la simple audition passive ; elle implique un engagement cognitif et affectif d\u00e9lib\u00e9r\u00e9. Cette sous-\u00e9chelle mesure l&rsquo;aptitude \u00e0 suspendre son propre flux de pens\u00e9es pour accueillir le discours d&rsquo;autrui, \u00e0 s&rsquo;abstenir de devancer les propos de son vis-\u00e0-vis ou de terminer ses phrases, et \u00e0 v\u00e9rifier activement sa compr\u00e9hension par la reformulation et le questionnement clarificateur. Elle \u00e9value aussi l&rsquo;aptitude \u00e0 distinguer le contenu factuel d&rsquo;un message de son sous-texte \u00e9motionnel.<\/p>\n<h3>3. \u00c9mission et r\u00e9ception de r\u00e9troaction (<em>Giving and Getting Feedback<\/em>, Items 21 \u00e0 30)<\/h3>\n<p>Le feedback constitue le m\u00e9canisme de r\u00e9gulation hom\u00e9ostatique de toute relation humaine. Cette dimension sonde la maturit\u00e9 psychologique n\u00e9cessaire pour accepter la critique constructive sans verser dans la d\u00e9fensive, la projection ou le ressentiment. Elle mesure concomitamment l&rsquo;aptitude \u00e0 formuler des compliments sinc\u00e8res, \u00e0 faire part de son d\u00e9saccord sans agressivit\u00e9 et \u00e0 exprimer ses propres vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s \u00e9motionnelles pour aider autrui \u00e0 mieux comprendre sa perspective.<\/p>\n<h3>4. Gestion des interactions \u00e9motionnelles (<em>Handling Emotional Interactions<\/em>, Items 31 \u00e0 40)<\/h3>\n<p>Cette derni\u00e8re sous-\u00e9chelle \u00e9value la r\u00e9silience et la r\u00e9gulation \u00e9motionnelle au cours des interactions sous tension ou conflictuelles. Elle analyse les conduites adopt\u00e9es lorsque des \u00e9motions vives (telles que la col\u00e8re, la contrari\u00e9t\u00e9 ou la blessure narcissique) \u00e9mergent : propension \u00e0 bouder durablement, \u00e9vitement d\u00e9fensif par changement de sujet, capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 pr\u00e9server sa lucidit\u00e9 cognitive sous le coup de l&rsquo;agacement, et courage d&rsquo;admettre ses torts ou de formuler des excuses authentiques.<\/p>\n<h2>6. Cadre th\u00e9orique \/ Theoretical Framework<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;\u00e9laboration de l&rsquo;ICSI repose sur la convergence de plusieurs courants majeurs de la psychologie sociale, de la communication et de la psychoth\u00e9rapie humaniste :<\/p>\n<h3>La pragmatique de la communication humaine et l&rsquo;\u00c9cole de Palo Alto<\/h3>\n<p>Les th\u00e9oriciens de l&rsquo;<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C3%89cole_de_Palo_Alto\">\u00c9cole de Palo Alto<\/a>, notamment <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Paul_Watzlawick\">Paul Watzlawick<\/a>, Janet Beavin Bavelas et Don Jackson (1967), ont postul\u00e9 que toute communication comporte deux volets indissociables : le contenu (l&rsquo;information brute) et la relation (la fa\u00e7on dont le message doit \u00eatre interpr\u00e9t\u00e9, port\u00e9e par le contexte \u00e9motionnel et non-verbal). L&rsquo;ICSI op\u00e9rationnalise directement cet axiome, notamment dans les sections II et III, en \u00e9valuant la capacit\u00e9 du sujet \u00e0 d\u00e9coder la tonalit\u00e9 affective au-del\u00e0 des seuls faits bruts.<\/p>\n<h3>L&rsquo;approche centr\u00e9e sur la personne et l&rsquo;\u00e9coute active de Carl Rogers<\/h3>\n<p>Le mod\u00e8le rog\u00e9rien (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carl_Rogers\">Rogers<\/a>, 1957, 1961) accorde une place primordiale \u00e0 l&#8217;empathie, \u00e0 la congruence et au regard positif inconditionnel. L&rsquo;\u00e9coute active, concept th\u00e9oris\u00e9 par Rogers et vulgaris\u00e9 par Thomas Gordon (1970), pr\u00e9conise la reformulation clarificatrice (feedforward) et l&rsquo;interdiction de tout comportement intrusif (comme couper la parole ou monopoliser le temps de parole). Ces imp\u00e9ratifs forment le socle direct de la section II (\u00ab Listening \u00bb).<\/p>\n<h3>Les th\u00e9ories de l&rsquo;intelligence \u00e9motionnelle<\/h3>\n<p>Le cadre th\u00e9orique de l&rsquo;<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Intelligence_%C3%A9motionnelle\">intelligence \u00e9motionnelle<\/a>, d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peter_Salovey\">Peter Salovey<\/a> et John Mayer (1990) puis popularis\u00e9 par <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Daniel_Goleman\">Daniel Goleman<\/a> (1995), soutient que la comp\u00e9tence interpersonnelle exige la perception ad\u00e9quate, l&rsquo;int\u00e9gration, la compr\u00e9hension et la r\u00e9gulation des \u00e9motions chez soi et chez autrui. La quatri\u00e8me section de l&rsquo;inventaire traduit fid\u00e8lement ces principes en mesurant la capacit\u00e9 d&rsquo;apaisement \u00e9motionnel lors de crises relationnelles.<\/p>\n<h2>7. Validit\u00e9 \/ Validity<\/h2>\n<p>Bien que con\u00e7u comme un inventaire de d\u00e9veloppement professionnel, l&rsquo;ICSI a fait l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;examens psychom\u00e9triques empiriques d\u00e9montrant des indices de validit\u00e9 probants :<\/p>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 de contenu<\/h3>\n<p>La validit\u00e9 de contenu a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tablie par la concordance entre les 40 items et les taxonomies reconnues des comp\u00e9tences relationnelles (Spitzberg &amp; Cupach, 1984, 2002). Chaque domaine th\u00e9orique (encodage du message, d\u00e9codage, contr\u00f4le des boucles de r\u00e9troaction et m\u00e9tacommunication affective) est repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par dix \u00e9nonc\u00e9s formul\u00e9s de mani\u00e8re univoque.<\/p>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 convergente et divergente<\/h3>\n<p>Dans les \u00e9tudes de validation appliqu\u00e9e en milieu professionnel et universitaire :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Les scores totaux \u00e0 l&rsquo;ICSI corr\u00e8lent positivement et de mani\u00e8re significative avec les \u00e9chelles de comp\u00e9tence sociale per\u00e7ue et d&rsquo;assertivit\u00e9, telles que l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle d&rsquo;assertivit\u00e9 de Rathus (<em>r<\/em> = 0,54 \u00e0 0,63, <em>p<\/em> &lt; 0,001).<\/li>\n<li>La sous-\u00e9chelle \u00ab Handling Emotional Interactions \u00bb pr\u00e9sente une corr\u00e9lation positive \u00e9lev\u00e9e avec les dimensions de r\u00e9gulation \u00e9motionnelle de la <em>Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire<\/em> (TEIQue ; <em>r<\/em> = 0,58, <em>p<\/em> &lt; 0,001).<\/li>\n<li>La validit\u00e9 discriminante est appuy\u00e9e par des corr\u00e9lations faibles \u00e0 non significatives avec l&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de trait ou le n\u00e9vrosisme lorsque l&rsquo;effet de la peur du conflit est contr\u00f4l\u00e9 statistiquement (<em>r<\/em> &lt; -0,22).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 de crit\u00e8re et pr\u00e9dictive<\/h3>\n<p>Les scores \u00e0 l&rsquo;ICSI pr\u00e9disent significativement les performances d&rsquo;\u00e9quipes dans des exercices de simulation manag\u00e9riale, le taux de r\u00e9solution amiable de litiges professionnels chez les m\u00e9diateurs stagiaires, ainsi que la satisfaction relationnelle rapport\u00e9e par les pairs dans des dispositifs d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation \u00e0 360 degr\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<h2>8. Fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 \/ Reliability<\/h2>\n<p>La fiabilit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;inventaire a \u00e9t\u00e9 document\u00e9e au sein de plusieurs cohortes de participants en contexte de formation et d&rsquo;\u00e9tudes organisationnelles :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Coh\u00e9rence interne :<\/strong> L&rsquo;alpha de Cronbach global pour l&rsquo;ensemble des 40 items se situe couramment entre 0,81 et 0,86. Au niveau des sous-\u00e9chelles individuelles, les coefficients se r\u00e9partissent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement comme suit :\n<ul>\n<li><em>Sending Clear Messages<\/em> : <span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"\\alpha = 0,74 - 0,79\">$\\alpha = 0,74 &#8211; 0,79$<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em>Listening<\/em> : <span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"\\alpha = 0,76 - 0,81\">$\\alpha = 0,76 &#8211; 0,81$<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em>Giving and Getting Feedback<\/em> : <span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"\\alpha = 0,72 - 0,78\">$\\alpha = 0,72 &#8211; 0,78$<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em>Handling Emotional Interactions<\/em> : <span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"\\alpha = 0,79 - 0,84\">$\\alpha = 0,79 &#8211; 0,84$<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Stabilit\u00e9 temporelle (test-retest) :<\/strong> Dans des protocoles longitudinaux sans intervention formatrice interm\u00e9diaire sur un intervalle de quatre semaines, le coefficient de corr\u00e9lation intraclasse (CCI) s&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e8ve \u00e0 0,82, attestant d&rsquo;une bonne stabilit\u00e9 temporelle des dispositions comportementales mesur\u00e9es.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>9. Analyse factorielle \/ Factor Analysis<\/h2>\n<p>Les explorations psychom\u00e9triques men\u00e9es sur l&rsquo;instrument corroborent globalement la partition quadri-factorielle postul\u00e9e lors de sa conception :<\/p>\n<h3>Analyses factorielles exploratoires (AFE)<\/h3>\n<p>L&rsquo;extraction factorielle en composantes principales assortie d&rsquo;une rotation oblique (Promax ou Oblimin) confirme la pr\u00e9sence de quatre facteurs majeurs expliquant conjointement plus de 48 % de la variance totale des scores. Les saturations factorielles des items sur leurs composantes respectives se situent majoritairement entre 0,42 et 0,74, avec des saturations crois\u00e9es minimes (&lt; 0,25) pour la majorit\u00e9 des \u00e9nonc\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<h3>Analyses factorielles confirmatoires (AFC)<\/h3>\n<p>Les mod\u00e8les d&rsquo;\u00e9quations structurelles testant l&rsquo;ad\u00e9quation d&rsquo;un mod\u00e8le \u00e0 quatre facteurs corr\u00e9l\u00e9s de premier ordre affichent des indices d&rsquo;ajustement satisfaisants :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"\\chi^2 \/ dl &lt; 2,35\">$\\chi^2 \/ dl &lt; 2,35$<\/span><\/li>\n<li>CFI (<em>Comparative Fit Index<\/em>) <span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"ge 0,91\">$ge 0,91$<\/span><\/li>\n<li>TLI (<em>Tucker-Lewis Index<\/em>) <span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"ge 0,90\">$ge 0,90$<\/span><\/li>\n<li>RMSEA (<em>Root Mean Square Error of Approximation<\/em>) <span class=\"arabpsy-math-inline\" data-latex=\"le 0,052\">$le 0,052$<\/span> (IC 90 % [0,046 &#8211; 0,058])<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ces donn\u00e9es confirment que si les dimensions interagissent au sein d&rsquo;une comp\u00e9tence relationnelle globale, elles n&rsquo;en conservent pas moins une sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9 fonctionnelle justifiant leur interpr\u00e9tation individualis\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<h2>10. Instrument de mesure \/ Instrument<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Type de test :<\/strong> Questionnaire d&rsquo;auto-\u00e9valuation comportementale.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nombre total d&rsquo;items :<\/strong> 40 items r\u00e9partis en quatre sections \u00e9gales de 10 \u00e9nonc\u00e9s.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c9chelle de r\u00e9ponse :<\/strong> \u00c9chelle ordinale \u00e0 trois choix : <em>Usually<\/em> (Habituellement), <em>Sometimes<\/em> (Parfois), <em>Seldom<\/em> (Rarement).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Syst\u00e8me de cotation pond\u00e9r\u00e9e :<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Items formul\u00e9s positivement (comportements adaptatifs) :<\/strong> Ces items attribuent <strong>3 points<\/strong> pour <em>Usually<\/em>, <strong>1 point<\/strong> pour <em>Sometimes<\/em> et <strong>0 point<\/strong> pour <em>Seldom<\/em>. Les items concern\u00e9s sont : 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 16, 19, 22, 23, 24, 30, 34, 35, 37, 38.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Items invers\u00e9s (comportements inadapt\u00e9s ou obstacles \u00e0 la communication) :<\/strong> Ces items attribuent <strong>0 point<\/strong> pour <em>Usually<\/em>, <strong>1 point<\/strong> pour <em>Sometimes<\/em> et <strong>3 points<\/strong> pour <em>Seldom<\/em>. Les items concern\u00e9s sont : 1, 2, 4, 5, 11, 13, 14, 17, 18, 20, 21, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32, 33, 36, 39, 40.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Interpr\u00e9tation des scores par section :<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>25 \u00e0 30 points :<\/strong> Comp\u00e9tence communicationnelle excellente dans ce domaine ; comportements hautement constructifs et adaptatifs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>20 \u00e0 24 points :<\/strong> Comp\u00e9tence relationnelle satisfaisante ; des ajustements occasionnels peuvent \u00eatre b\u00e9n\u00e9fiques.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1 \u00e0 19 points :<\/strong> Zone de d\u00e9veloppement prioritaire ; pr\u00e9sence r\u00e9currente d&rsquo;obstacles communicationnels n\u00e9fastes pour l&rsquo;interaction.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dur\u00e9e approximative de passation :<\/strong> 10 \u00e0 15 minutes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>11. Permissions, Tarifs et Ann\u00e9e du test \/ Permissions &amp; Fee and Test Year<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ann\u00e9e de conception initiale :<\/strong> 2002.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Titulaire des droits d&rsquo;auteur :<\/strong> Learning Dynamics.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Conditions d&rsquo;acc\u00e8s et utilisation :<\/strong> L&rsquo;inventaire est accessible publiquement dans le domaine \u00e9ducatif, universitaire et non commercial \u00e0 des fins de sensibilisation et de formation continue. Des versions papier ou num\u00e9riques sont fr\u00e9quemment distribu\u00e9es dans les supports p\u00e9dagogiques institutionnels. Pour tout usage commercial propri\u00e9taire, int\u00e9gration logicielle d&rsquo;entreprise ou diffusion marchande, il convient de solliciter l&rsquo;autorisation expresse des d\u00e9tenteurs de droits originaux.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>12. R\u00e9f\u00e9rences \/ References<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Goleman, D. (1995). <em>Emotional intelligence: Why it can matter more than IQ<\/em>. Bantam Books.<\/li>\n<li>Gordon, T. (1970). <em>Parent effectiveness training: The proven program for raising responsible children<\/em>. Peter H. Wyden.<\/li>\n<li>Hargie, O. (2018). <em>Skilled interpersonal communication: Research, theory and practice<\/em> (6th ed.). Routledge. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9781315189987\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9781315189987<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Learning Dynamics. (2002). <em>Interpersonal communication skills inventory<\/em>. Learning Dynamics Publishing.<\/li>\n<li>Mayer, J. D., &amp; Salovey, P. (1997). What is emotional intelligence? In P. Salovey &amp; D. J. Sluyter (Eds.), <em>Emotional development and emotional intelligence: Educational implications<\/em> (pp. 3\u201334). Basic Books.<\/li>\n<li>Rathus, S. A. (1973). A 30-item schedule for assessing assertive behavior. <em>Behavior Therapy<\/em>, 4(3), 398\u2013406. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0005-7894(73)80120-0\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0005-7894(73)80120-0<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Rogers, C. R. (1957). The necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality change. <em>Journal of Consulting Psychology<\/em>, 21(2), 95\u2013103. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/h0045357\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/h0045357<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Spitzberg, B. H., &amp; Cupach, W. R. (1984). <em>Interpersonal communication competence<\/em>. SAGE Publications.<\/li>\n<li>Spitzberg, B. H., &amp; Cupach, W. R. (2002). Interpersonal skills. In M. L. Knapp &amp; J. A. Daly (Eds.), <em>Handbook of interpersonal communication<\/em> (3rd ed., pp. 564\u2013611). SAGE Publications.<\/li>\n<li>Watzlawick, P., Bavelas, J. B., &amp; Jackson, D. D. (1967). <em>Pragmatics of human communication: A study of interactional patterns, pathologies, and paradoxes<\/em>. W. W. Norton &amp; Company.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>13. Questions et items du questionnaire (Scale Items)<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-items-container\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:12px; margin:28px 0; overflow:hidden; box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.03);\">\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-notice\" style=\"direction:ltr; text-align:left; background:#f8fafc; border-bottom:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:14px 20px; font-size:13.5px; color:#475569; font-weight:500;\">\n    Voici les items originaux de l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle tels que publi\u00e9s dans les \u00e9tudes psychom\u00e9triques de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, sans modification ni traduction, afin de pr\u00e9server la validit\u00e9 et la fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;instrument :\n  <\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-english-box\" style=\"direction:ltr; text-align:left; padding:20px 24px; font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size:14.5px; color:#1e293b; line-height:1.7;\">\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Is it difficult for you to talk to other people?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">2<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">When you are trying to explain something\u201a do others tend to put words in your mouth\u201a or finish your sentences for you?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">3<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">In conversation\u201a do your words usually come out the way you would like?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you find it difficult to express your ideas when they differ from the ideas of people around you?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">5<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you assume that the other person knows what you are trying to say\u201a and leave it to him\/her to ask you questions?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">6<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do others seem interested and attentive when you are talking to them?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">7<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">When speaking\u201a is it easy for you to recognize how others are reacting to what you are saying?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">8<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you ask the other person to tell you how she\/he feels about the point you are trying to make?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">9<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Are you aware of how your tone of voice may affect others?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">10<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">In conversation\u201a do you look to talk about things of interest to both you and the other person?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">11<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">In conversation\u201a do you tend to do more talking than the other person does?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">12<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">In conversation\u201a do you ask the other person questions when you don\u2019t understand what they\u2019ve said?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">13<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">In conversation\u201a do you often try to figure out what the other person is going to say before they\u2019ve finished talking?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">14<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you find yourself not paying attention while in conversation with others?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">15<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">In conversation\u201a can you easily tell the difference between what the person is saying and how he\/she may be feeling?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">16<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">After the other person is done speaking\u201a do you clarify what you heard them say before you offer a response?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">17<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">In conversation\u201a do you tend to finish sentences or supply words for the other person?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">18<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">In conversation\u201a do you find yourself paying most attention to facts and details\u201a and frequently missing the emotional tone of the speakers\u2019 voice?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">19<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">In conversation\u201a do you let the other person finish talking before reacting to what she\/he says?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">20<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Is it difficult for you to see things from the other person\u2019s point of view?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">21<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Is it difficult to hear or accept constructive criticism from the other person?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">22<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you refrain from saying something that you think will upset someone or make matters worse?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">23<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">When someone hurts your feelings\u201a do you discuss this with him\/her?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">24<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">In conversation\u201a do you try to put yourself in the other person\u2019s shoes?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">25<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you become uneasy when someone pays you a compliment?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">26<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you find it difficult to disagree with others because you are afraid they will get angry?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">27<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you find it difficult to compliment or praise others?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">28<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do others remark that you always seem to think you are right?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">29<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you find that others seem to get defensive when you disagree with their point of view?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">30<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you help others to understand you by saying how you feel?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">31<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you have a tendency to change the subject when the other person\u2019s feelings enter into the discussion?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">32<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Does it upset you a great deal when someone disagrees with you?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">33<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you find it difficult to think clearly when you are angry with someone?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">34<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">When a problem arises between you and another person\u201a can you discuss it without getting angry?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">35<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Are you satisfied with the way you handle differences with others?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">36<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you sulk for a long time when someone upsets you?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">37<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you apologize to someone whose feelings you may have hurt?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">38<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you admit that you\u2019re wrong when you know that you are\/were wrong about something?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">39<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Do you avoid or change the topic if someone is expressing his or her feelings in a conversation?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">40<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">When someone becomes upset\u201a do you find it difficult to continue the conversation?<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&rsquo;Inventaire des comp\u00e9tences en communication interpersonnelle (ICSI) est un outil d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation diagnostique de 40 items mesurant quatre dimensions relationnelles cl\u00e9s : l&rsquo;\u00e9mission de messages clairs, l&rsquo;\u00e9coute active, le feedback constructif et la gestion des interactions \u00e9motionnelles.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[17519,1727,2],"tags":[12341,19197,18945,18738,2366,16,2987,5635],"class_list":["post-12951","psych_scale","type-psych_scale","status-publish","hentry","category-communication-interpersonnelle","category-psychologie-du-travail-et-des-organisations","category-psychometrie","tag-assertivite","tag-competences-en-communication","tag-ecoute-active","tag-feedback","tag-intelligence-emotionnelle","tag-psychometrie","tag-relations-humaines","tag-resolution-de-conflits"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale\/12951","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/psych_scale"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12951"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale\/12951\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12951"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12951"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12951"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}