{"id":11054,"date":"2026-09-30T07:33:40","date_gmt":"2026-09-30T07:33:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/scales\/echelle-revisee-anxiete-depression-enfants-rcads\/"},"modified":"2026-09-30T07:33:40","modified_gmt":"2026-09-30T07:33:40","slug":"echelle-revisee-anxiete-depression-enfants-rcads","status":"publish","type":"psych_scale","link":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/?psych_scale=echelle-revisee-anxiete-depression-enfants-rcads","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9chelle r\u00e9vis\u00e9e d&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 et de d\u00e9pression pour enfants (RCADS)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>1. R\u00e9sum\u00e9 \/ Abstract<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;<strong>\u00c9chelle r\u00e9vis\u00e9e d&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 et de d\u00e9pression pour enfants<\/strong> (<em>Revised Children\u2019s Anxiety and Depression Scale<\/em> ou <strong>RCADS<\/strong> ; Chorpita et al., 2000) constitue un questionnaire d&rsquo;auto-\u00e9valuation psychom\u00e9trique compos\u00e9 de 47 items, con\u00e7u sp\u00e9cifiquement pour \u00e9valuer la fr\u00e9quence et la s\u00e9v\u00e9rit\u00e9 des sympt\u00f4mes des troubles anxieux et de l&rsquo;\u00e9pisode d\u00e9pressif majeur chez les enfants et adolescents \u00e2g\u00e9s de 8 \u00e0 18 ans (de la 3e ann\u00e9e d&rsquo;\u00e9cole primaire \u00e0 la terminale). D\u00e9velopp\u00e9e initialement \u00e0 Hawa\u00ef par Bruce F. Chorpita et ses collaborateurs, la RCADS est une adaptation et extension majeure de la <em>Spence Children&rsquo;s Anxiety Scale<\/em> (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spence_Children%27s_Anxiety_Scale\">SCAS<\/a> ; Spence, 1998), restructur\u00e9e pour s&rsquo;aligner rigoureusement sur les crit\u00e8res diagnostiques du Manuel diagnostique et statistique des troubles mentaux, quatri\u00e8me \u00e9dition (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders\">DSM-IV<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;instrument se structure en six sous-\u00e9chelles distinctes : le trouble anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 de s\u00e9paration (SAD ; 7 items), la phobie sociale (SP ; 9 items), le trouble anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e (GAD ; 6 items), le trouble panique (PD ; 9 items), le trouble obsessionnel-compulsif (TOC \/ OCD ; 6 items) et le trouble d\u00e9pressif majeur (MDD ; 10 items). Les participants expriment la fr\u00e9quence de leurs sympt\u00f4mes sur une \u00e9chelle de Likert en 4 points (0 = \u00ab Never \u00bb, 1 = \u00ab Sometimes \u00bb, 2 = \u00ab Often \u00bb, 3 = \u00ab Always \u00bb). Outre les scores par dimension, le clinicien peut calculer un score d&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 totale (somme des 5 \u00e9chelles d&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9) et un score total d&rsquo;internalisation (somme des 47 items).<\/p>\n<p>Sur le plan psychom\u00e9trique, la RCADS pr\u00e9sente d&rsquo;excellentes qualit\u00e9s de fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 et de validit\u00e9. La coh\u00e9rence interne est solide, avec des coefficients alpha de Cronbach oscillant g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement entre 0,78 et 0,88 en milieu clinique et communautaire. La validit\u00e9 convergente et discriminante a \u00e9t\u00e9 corrobor\u00e9e par de fortes corr\u00e9lations avec des instruments reconnus tels que la <em>Revised Children&rsquo;s Manifest Anxiety Scale<\/em> (RCMAS) et le <em>Children&rsquo;s Depression Inventory<\/em> (CDI). L&rsquo;analyse factorielle confirmatoire d\u00e9montre l&rsquo;ad\u00e9quation sup\u00e9rieure d&rsquo;un mod\u00e8le \u00e0 six facteurs corr\u00e9l\u00e9s par rapport aux structures unidimensionnelles ou bidimensionnelles. Valid\u00e9e internationalement (notamment en versions fran\u00e7aise, espagnole, n\u00e9erlandaise, danoise et chinoise) et compl\u00e9t\u00e9e par une version pour parents (RCADS-P) ainsi qu&rsquo;une version abr\u00e9g\u00e9e (RCADS-25), la RCADS s&rsquo;impose comme une r\u00e9f\u00e9rence incontournable tant pour le d\u00e9pistage scolaire que pour l&rsquo;\u00e9valuation clinique et le suivi th\u00e9rapeutique longitudinal.<\/p>\n<h2>2. Mots-cl\u00e9s \/ Keywords<\/h2>\n<p>\u00c9chelle r\u00e9vis\u00e9e d&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 et de d\u00e9pression pour enfants, RCADS, anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 p\u00e9diatrique, d\u00e9pression chez l&rsquo;adolescent, psychopathologie d\u00e9veloppementale, \u00e9valuation psychom\u00e9trique, DSM-IV, anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 de s\u00e9paration, phobie sociale, trouble panique, trouble obsessionnel-compulsif, trouble d\u00e9pressif majeur.<\/p>\n<h2>3. Auteurs \/ Authors<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;\u00e9chelle RCADS a \u00e9t\u00e9 conceptualis\u00e9e et d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e par une \u00e9quipe de chercheurs de premier plan sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s en psychopathologie de l&rsquo;enfant et en th\u00e9rapies cognitivo-comportementales fond\u00e9es sur des donn\u00e9es probantes :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Bruce F. Chorpita, Ph.D.<\/strong> : Professeur \u00e9m\u00e9rite de psychologie et de psychiatrie \u00e0 l&rsquo;Universit\u00e9 de Californie \u00e0 Los Angeles (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ucla.edu\">UCLA<\/a>), directeur du <em>Child First Program<\/em>. Ses recherches se focalisent sur l&rsquo;architecture diagnostique de l&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 et de la d\u00e9pression p\u00e9diatriques, ainsi que sur l&rsquo;impl\u00e9mentation de pratiques fond\u00e9es sur les preuves en sant\u00e9 mentale infanto-juv\u00e9nile. (Contact institutionnel : Department of Psychology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, \u00c9tats-Unis).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lacie Yim, M.A.<\/strong> : Chercheuse clinicienne, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawa\u00ef, \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cathleen E. Moffitt, Ph.D.<\/strong> : Psychologue clinicienne et chercheuse associ\u00e9e, Department of Psychology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawa\u00ef, \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Loretta A. Umemoto, M.A.<\/strong> : Sp\u00e9cialiste de la recherche clinique sur les troubles \u00e9motionnels de l&rsquo;enfant, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Hawa\u00ef, \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sarah E. Francis, Ph.D.<\/strong> : Chercheuse et clinicienne sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9e dans le traitement des troubles anxieux chez les jeunes, Department of Psychology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Hawa\u00ef, \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4. Objectif \/ Purpose<\/h2>\n<p>La conception de la RCADS r\u00e9pondait \u00e0 un imp\u00e9ratif clinique et m\u00e9thodologique majeur au tournant des ann\u00e9es 2000. Historiquement, la plupart des outils d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation de l&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 chez l&rsquo;enfant, tels que la <em>Revised Children&rsquo;s Manifest Anxiety Scale<\/em> (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Revised_Children%27s_Manifest_Anxiety_Scale\">RCMAS<\/a> ; Reynolds &#038; Richmond, 1978) ou le <em>State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children<\/em> (STAIC ; Spielberger, 1973), mesuraient une d\u00e9tresse globale ou une activation physiologique non sp\u00e9cifique. Ces instruments ne permettaient pas de distinguer les diff\u00e9rentes facettes syndromiques de l&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 ni de les diff\u00e9rencier de la d\u00e9pression unipolaire, malgr\u00e9 l&rsquo;adoption de taxonomies de plus en plus pr\u00e9cises dans les classifications nosologiques contemporaines.<\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;objectif fondamental de la RCADS est de fournir un instrument auto-rapport\u00e9 polyvalent capable d&rsquo;\u00e9valuer de mani\u00e8re diff\u00e9rentielle les sympt\u00f4mes caract\u00e9ristiques des troubles anxieux et de la d\u00e9pression chez les jeunes \u00e2g\u00e9s de 8 \u00e0 18 ans, en concordance directe avec les crit\u00e8res nosographiques du <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.psychiatry.org\/psychiatrists\/practice\/dsm\">DSM-IV<\/a> (et ult\u00e9rieurement adapt\u00e9s au DSM-5). Les applications pratiques de cet outil se d\u00e9clinent sur plusieurs axes :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>D\u00e9pistage pr\u00e9coce en milieu scolaire et communautaire :<\/strong> Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 son format concis et standardis\u00e9, la RCADS permet d&rsquo;identifier rapidement les enfants et adolescents pr\u00e9sentant un risque \u00e9lev\u00e9 de troubles internalis\u00e9s, facilitant une orientation proactive vers des dispositifs d&rsquo;intervention pr\u00e9coce (Palier 1 et 2 des mod\u00e8les de r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 l&rsquo;intervention \/ RTI).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c9valuation diagnostique diff\u00e9rentielle :<\/strong> En d\u00e9composant le profil symptomatique de l&rsquo;enfant en six domaines sp\u00e9cifiques, l&rsquo;outil offre aux psychologues et p\u00e9dopsychiatres une cartographie pr\u00e9cise des dimensions pr\u00e9dominantes (par exemple, distinguer une phobie sociale invalidante d&rsquo;une anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e ou d&rsquo;un repli d\u00e9pressif).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mesure de l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 th\u00e9rapeutique (suivi de traitement) :<\/strong> La sensibilit\u00e9 au changement de la RCADS permet de quantifier l&rsquo;\u00e9volution des sympt\u00f4mes au fil d&rsquo;une <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cognitive_behavioral_therapy\">th\u00e9rapie cognitivo-comportementale<\/a> (TCC) ou d&rsquo;une prise en charge pharmacologique, facilitant ainsi la pratique fond\u00e9e sur la mesure (<em>Measurement-Based Care<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Recherche fondamentale et \u00e9pid\u00e9miologique :<\/strong> L&rsquo;\u00e9chelle sert de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour explorer la structure latente de la comorbit\u00e9 anxio-d\u00e9pressive, les trajectoires d\u00e9veloppementales de l&rsquo;affect n\u00e9gatif et l&rsquo;invariance transculturelle de la psychopathologie internalis\u00e9e.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>5. Construit psychologique \/ Construct<\/h2>\n<p>La RCADS op\u00e9rationnalise les troubles internalis\u00e9s de l&rsquo;enfance sous la forme d&rsquo;un mod\u00e8le multidimensionnel comprenant six facettes symptomatiques distinctes mais corr\u00e9l\u00e9es, refl\u00e9tant la taxonomie nosologique moderne :<\/p>\n<h3>1. Trouble Anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 de S\u00e9paration (Separation Anxiety Disorder &#8211; SAD)<\/h3>\n<p>Ce construit quantifie l&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 excessive et inappropri\u00e9e au niveau du d\u00e9veloppement concernant l&rsquo;\u00e9loignement des figures d&rsquo;attachement principales ou du domicile. Les items \u00e9valuent la peur qu&rsquo;un malheur n&rsquo;arrive aux parents (ex. item 33), la r\u00e9ticence ou le refus de dormir seul (ex. item 17) ou dans l&rsquo;obscurit\u00e9 (item 18), la d\u00e9tresse anticipatoire lors des s\u00e9parations (item 9, item 45) et l&rsquo;appr\u00e9hension \u00e0 l&rsquo;id\u00e9e de rester seul \u00e0 la maison (item 5).<\/p>\n<h3>2. Phobie Sociale (Social Phobia &#8211; SP)<\/h3>\n<p>La sous-\u00e9chelle de phobie sociale \u00e9value la peur marqu\u00e9e et persistante des situations sociales ou de performance dans lesquelles l&rsquo;enfant est expos\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;observation d&rsquo;autrui ou risque d&rsquo;agir de fa\u00e7on humiliante. Les items mesurent l&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation par les pairs (item 20, item 35), l&rsquo;appr\u00e9hension de parler en classe (item 38), la peur panique lors des examens (item 7), l&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 anticipatoire de commettre des erreurs (item 4, item 12) et l&rsquo;inhibition comportementale en pr\u00e9sence d&rsquo;inconnus (item 43, item 46).<\/p>\n<h3>3. Trouble Anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 G\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e (Generalized Anxiety Disorder &#8211; GAD)<\/h3>\n<p>Ce domaine capte les soucis excessifs, incontr\u00f4lables et diffus portant sur une multitude d&rsquo;\u00e9v\u00e9nements du quotidien ou de performances futures. Les manifestations op\u00e9rationnalis\u00e9es incluent l&rsquo;appr\u00e9hension chronique sans objet d\u00e9termin\u00e9 (item 1, item 37), les inqui\u00e9tudes r\u00e9currentes relatives \u00e0 la survenue d&rsquo;\u00e9v\u00e9nements catastrophiques personnels ou familiaux (item 13, item 22, item 27) et la pr\u00e9occupation exacerb\u00e9e d&rsquo;\u00eatre la cible de jugements n\u00e9gatifs ou de d\u00e9ceptions (item 8).<\/p>\n<h3>4. Trouble Panique (Panic Disorder &#8211; PD)<\/h3>\n<p>La dimension panique mesure la r\u00e9currence d&rsquo;attaques de panique inattendues caract\u00e9ris\u00e9es par une mont\u00e9e soudaine de peur intense accompagn\u00e9e de manifestations somatiques et cognitives aigu\u00ebs. Les items couvrent les palpitations cardiaques soudaines (item 24, item 39), les sensations d&rsquo;\u00e9touffement ou de dyspn\u00e9e (item 36, item 41), les tremblements inexpliqu\u00e9s (item 26, item 28), les douleurs gastro-intestinales li\u00e9es au stress (item 3) et la terreur cognitive de perdre le contr\u00f4le ou de \u00ab devenir fou \u00bb (item 14, item 34).<\/p>\n<h3>5. Trouble Obsessionnel-Compulsif (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder &#8211; OCD)<\/h3>\n<p>Bien que class\u00e9 distinctement dans les versions ult\u00e9rieures du DSM (DSM-5), le TOC est int\u00e9gr\u00e9 dans la RCADS sous l&rsquo;angle de ses pens\u00e9es intrusives r\u00e9currentes (obsessions) et de ses comportements r\u00e9p\u00e9titifs ritualis\u00e9s (compulsions). Les items \u00e9valuent l&rsquo;intrusion d&rsquo;images ou d&rsquo;id\u00e9es d\u00e9rangeantes (item 10, item 23), les rituels de v\u00e9rification (item 16), les compulsions de lavage ou de rangement ordonn\u00e9 (item 31), les pens\u00e9es magiques neutralisantes bas\u00e9es sur des chiffres ou des formules mentales (item 42) et le besoin imp\u00e9rieux de sym\u00e9trie ou de justesse (item 44).<\/p>\n<h3>6. Trouble D\u00e9pressif Majeur (Major Depressive Disorder &#8211; MDD)<\/h3>\n<p>Unique sous-\u00e9chelle non anxieuse de l&rsquo;instrument, cette dimension quantifie les manifestations affectives, cognitives et neurov\u00e9g\u00e9tatives de l&rsquo;humeur d\u00e9pressive chez le jeune. Elle cible l&rsquo;anh\u00e9donie profonde (item 6), la tristesse et le vide affectif (item 2), le ralentissement psychomoteur ou la fatigue chronique (item 15, item 19, item 21, item 40), les troubles de l&rsquo;endormissement (item 11), les difficult\u00e9s de concentration (item 25), l&rsquo;irritabilit\u00e9 soudaine (item 29) et le sentiment de d\u00e9sespoir ou de d\u00e9valorisation (item 47).<\/p>\n<h2>6. Cadre th\u00e9orique \/ Theoretical Framework<\/h2>\n<p>Le d\u00e9veloppement de la RCADS s&rsquo;ancre \u00e0 la crois\u00e9e de la <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Developmental_psychopathology\">psychopathologie d\u00e9veloppementale<\/a> et du mod\u00e8le tripartite de l&rsquo;affectivit\u00e9 propos\u00e9 par David Watson et Lee Anna Clark (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-2909.109.1.6\">Watson &#038; Clark, 1991<\/a> ; Clark &#038; Watson, 1991). Ce mod\u00e8le th\u00e9orique a r\u00e9volutionn\u00e9 la compr\u00e9hension des relations entre anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 et d\u00e9pression en postulant trois composantes majeures :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>L&rsquo;affect n\u00e9gatif g\u00e9n\u00e9ral (General Distress \/ Negative Affectivity) :<\/strong> Une dimension de temp\u00e9rament non sp\u00e9cifique partag\u00e9e par l&rsquo;ensemble des troubles internalis\u00e9s, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par une pr\u00e9disposition \u00e0 ressentir de la d\u00e9tresse subjective, de la nervosit\u00e9, de la col\u00e8re et de l&rsquo;inqui\u00e9tude.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L&rsquo;hyperactivation physiologique (Physiological Hyperarousal) :<\/strong> Une composante somatique sp\u00e9cifique aux troubles anxieux, plus particuli\u00e8rement au trouble panique et \u00e0 l&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 somatique, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par des r\u00e9ponses autonomes sympathiques exacerb\u00e9es (tachycardie, tachypn\u00e9e, tremblements).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Le faible affect positif ou anh\u00e9donie (Low Positive Affectivity) :<\/strong> Une dimension sp\u00e9cifique \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9tat d\u00e9pressif, marqu\u00e9e par l&rsquo;extinction du plaisir, la perte d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie, l&rsquo;apathie et le d\u00e9sengagement comportemental.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Chorpita et collaborateurs ont \u00e9tendu ce mod\u00e8le au domaine p\u00e9diatrique en int\u00e9grant les conceptualisations cognitives de l&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 infantile d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es notamment par Philip C. Kendall et Susan H. Spence. Selon cette perspective, si un facteur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral d&rsquo;affect n\u00e9gatif sous-tend la forte comorbidit\u00e9 observ\u00e9e entre les troubles anxieux et l&rsquo;humeur d\u00e9pressive chez l&rsquo;enfant, il existe des biais cognitifs et des profils symptomatiques hautement sp\u00e9cifiques correspondant aux entit\u00e9s diagnostiques individualis\u00e9es par le DSM-IV.<\/p>\n<p>Ainsi, la RCADS a \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment architectur\u00e9e pour tester empiriquement cette structure hi\u00e9rarchique. L&rsquo;instrument permet de dissocier les \u00e9l\u00e9ments relevant de la d\u00e9tresse internalis\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de ceux appartenant sp\u00e9cifiquement \u00e0 chaque ph\u00e9notype anxieux ou d\u00e9pressif, r\u00e9solvant ainsi le dilemme persistant des instruments ant\u00e9rieurs qui mesuraient principalement l&rsquo;affect n\u00e9gatif au d\u00e9triment de la pr\u00e9cision syndromique.<\/p>\n<h2>7. Validit\u00e9 \/ Validity<\/h2>\n<p>Les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s m\u00e9trologiques de la RCADS ont fait l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;investigations empiriques rigoureuses au sein de populations cliniques et scolaires diversifi\u00e9es \u00e0 travers le monde :<\/p>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 de construit et structurelle<\/h3>\n<p>Dans l&rsquo;\u00e9tude princeps de validation (Chorpita et al., 2000) men\u00e9e aupr\u00e8s de 1 641 \u00e9coliers et coll\u00e9giens hawa\u00efens, ainsi que dans l&rsquo;\u00e9tude subs\u00e9quente sur un \u00e9chantillon clinique de 213 jeunes consultants (Chorpita, Moffitt &#038; Gray, 2005), la structure th\u00e9orique \u00e0 six facteurs corr\u00e9l\u00e9s a d\u00e9montr\u00e9 une ad\u00e9quation statistique sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 tout mod\u00e8le rival unifactoriel (d\u00e9tresse globale) ou bifactoriel (anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 vs d\u00e9pression). Les indices d&rsquo;ajustement soutiennent invariablement cette configuration (TLI &gt; 0,90, CFI &gt; 0,90, RMSEA &lt; 0,05).<\/p>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 convergente<\/h3>\n<p>La validit\u00e9 convergente de la RCADS est hautement satisfaisante. Les sous-\u00e9chelles d&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9sentent de fortes corr\u00e9lations positives avec la <em>Revised Children\u2019s Manifest Anxiety Scale<\/em> (RCMAS ; corr\u00e9lations comprises entre <em>r<\/em> = 0,55 et <em>r<\/em> = 0,73) et avec la <em>Spence Children\u2019s Anxiety Scale<\/em> (SCAS ; <em>r<\/em> &gt; 0,80). De mani\u00e8re concordante, la sous-\u00e9chelle du trouble d\u00e9pressif majeur (MDD) pr\u00e9sente une corr\u00e9lation \u00e9lev\u00e9e avec le <em>Children\u2019s Depression Inventory<\/em> (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Children%27s_Depression_Inventory\">CDI<\/a> ; <em>r<\/em> = 0,70 \u00e0 0,80 selon les cohortes ; Chorpita et al., 2005).<\/p>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 discriminante et diagnostique<\/h3>\n<p>La RCADS d\u00e9montre une excellente capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 diff\u00e9rencier les jeunes souffrant de troubles internalis\u00e9s des sujets sains, ainsi qu&rsquo;\u00e0 discriminer les diagnostics primaires \u00e9tablis par des entretiens cliniques semi-structur\u00e9s (tels que l&rsquo;ADIS-C\/P). Par exemple, les enfants r\u00e9pondant aux crit\u00e8res diagnostiques du trouble panique obtiennent des scores significativement plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s sur l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle PD que les enfants pr\u00e9sentant une phobie sociale ou un trouble d&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e sans attaques de panique. De plus, les analyses par courbes ROC (<em>Receiver Operating Characteristic<\/em>) confirment la pertinence des seuils en scores T (T &ge; 65 pour le seuil limite et T &ge; 75 pour la significativit\u00e9 clinique av\u00e9r\u00e9e).<\/p>\n<h3>Validit\u00e9 transculturelle<\/h3>\n<p>L&rsquo;invariance de mesure de l&rsquo;instrument a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tablie \u00e0 l&rsquo;international, confirmant la stabilit\u00e9 de la structure factorielle dans diverses cultures et langues : en Australie (de Ross, Gullone &#038; Chorpita, 2002), au Danemark (Esbj\u00f8rn et al., 2012), aux Pays-Bas (K\u00f6sters et al., 2015), en Espagne (Sand\u00edn et al., 2009) et dans les pays francophones (validation fran\u00e7aise par Bouvard et al.).<\/p>\n<h2>8. Fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 \/ Reliability<\/h2>\n<p>La fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 de la RCADS a \u00e9t\u00e9 m\u00e9ticuleusement document\u00e9e en termes de consistance interne et de stabilit\u00e9 temporelle (test-retest) :<\/p>\n<h3>Coh\u00e9rence interne (Alpha de Cronbach)<\/h3>\n<p>Dans l&rsquo;\u00e9chantillon clinique de Chorpita, Moffitt et Gray (2005), les coefficients de consistance interne se sont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9s excellents pour l&rsquo;ensemble des \u00e9chelles :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Trouble panique (PD) :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,88<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trouble d\u00e9pressif majeur (MDD) :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,87<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trouble anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 de s\u00e9paration (SAD) :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,81<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trouble anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e (GAD) :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,85<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trouble obsessionnel-compulsif (OCD) :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,81<\/li>\n<li><strong>Phobie sociale (SP) :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,78<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c9chelle totale d&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,94<\/li>\n<li><strong>Score total RCADS :<\/strong> &alpha; = 0,96<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Dans les populations communautaires (\u00e9coliers et coll\u00e9giens), les alphas demeurent tr\u00e8s homog\u00e8nes, variant typiquement entre 0,75 et 0,86 pour les sous-\u00e9chelles individuelles et exc\u00e9dant 0,93 pour l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle globale.<\/p>\n<h3>Fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 test-retest<\/h3>\n<p>L&rsquo;\u00e9valuation de la stabilit\u00e9 temporelle sur un intervalle de deux semaines au sein d&rsquo;un \u00e9chantillon scolaire (Chorpita et al., 2000) a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 des coefficients de corr\u00e9lation intraclasse hautement satisfaisants :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Phobie sociale (SP) : <em>r<\/em> = 0,80 (la plus stable)<\/li>\n<li>Trouble panique (PD) : <em>r<\/em> = 0,79<\/li>\n<li>Trouble d\u00e9pressif majeur (MDD) : <em>r<\/em> = 0,76<\/li>\n<li>Trouble anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e (GAD) : <em>r<\/em> = 0,75<\/li>\n<li>Trouble anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 de s\u00e9paration (SAD) : <em>r<\/em> = 0,74<\/li>\n<li>Trouble obsessionnel-compulsif (OCD) : <em>r<\/em> = 0,65<\/li>\n<li>Score total : <em>r<\/em> = 0,85<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ces donn\u00e9es confirment que si les manifestations peuvent fluctuer l\u00e9g\u00e8rement en fonction du contexte imm\u00e9diat de l&rsquo;enfant, l&rsquo;instrument mesure des traits et des tendances symptomatiques stables dans le temps.<\/p>\n<h2>9. Analyse factorielle \/ Factor Analysis<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;architecture multidimensionnelle de la RCADS a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tablie et confirm\u00e9e via une combinaison rigoureuse d&rsquo;analyses factorielles exploratoires (AFE) et confirmatoires (AFC) :<\/p>\n<h3>Mod\u00e9lisation confirmatoire initiale (Chorpita et al., 2000, 2005)<\/h3>\n<p>Les auteurs ont soumis la matrice des 47 items \u00e0 des analyses factorielles confirmatoires comparant trois mod\u00e8les th\u00e9oriques concurrents :<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Mod\u00e8le unifactoriel :<\/strong> Tous les items saturent sur un seul facteur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de \u00ab d\u00e9tresse internalis\u00e9e \u00bb. Ce mod\u00e8le a \u00e9t\u00e9 massivement rejet\u00e9 en raison d&rsquo;un ajustement statistique tr\u00e8s m\u00e9diocre (&chi;&sup2; significatif, RMSEA &gt; 0,09, CFI &lt; 0,70).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mod\u00e8le bifactoriel de premier ordre :<\/strong> Un facteur regroupant l&rsquo;ensemble des items d&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 et un second facteur regroupant les items de d\u00e9pression. Bien que sup\u00e9rieur au mod\u00e8le unifactoriel, ce mod\u00e8le s&rsquo;est av\u00e9r\u00e9 sous-optimal pour expliquer la variance inter-items.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mod\u00e8le \u00e0 six facteurs corr\u00e9l\u00e9s :<\/strong> Correspondant aux six entit\u00e9s du DSM-IV (SAD, SP, GAD, PD, OCD, MDD). Ce mod\u00e8le a d\u00e9montr\u00e9 un ajustement sup\u00e9rieur statistiquement significatif (&chi;&sup2; \/ dl &lt; 2,0 ; RMSEA = 0,042 \u00e0 0,049 ; CFI = 0,92 \u00e0 0,94 ; TLI = 0,91 \u00e0 0,93).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Saturations factorielles des items<\/h3>\n<p>Les saturations factorielles standardis\u00e9es (&lambda;) des items sur leurs facteurs respectifs sont solides, la majorit\u00e9 se situant entre 0,45 et 0,78. Les items du trouble panique (ex. palpitations, dyspn\u00e9e) pr\u00e9sentent des saturations particuli\u00e8rement fortes (&lambda; &gt; 0,65), confirmant la coh\u00e9rence du domaine d&rsquo;hyperactivation autonome. De m\u00eame, les items de d\u00e9pression refl\u00e9tant l&rsquo;anh\u00e9donie et l&rsquo;asth\u00e9nie saturent massivement sur le facteur MDD sans saturation crois\u00e9e inacceptable sur les facteurs d&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9.<\/p>\n<h3>Mod\u00e9lisation bifactorielle contemporaine (Ebesutani et al., 2012)<\/h3>\n<p>Lors du d\u00e9veloppement de la version courte (RCADS-25), Ebesutani et al. ont appliqu\u00e9 des mod\u00e8les factoriels bifactoriels (<em>bifactor modeling<\/em>), d\u00e9montrant l&rsquo;existence conjointe d&rsquo;un facteur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral d&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9\/internalisation expliquant une part substantielle de la variance commune, tout en confirmant la persistance de variances sp\u00e9cifiques fiables pour chaque sous-domaine nosologique, ce qui justifie pleinement l&rsquo;utilisation clinique simultan\u00e9e des scores de sous-\u00e9chelles et des scores composites.<\/p>\n<h2>10. Instrument de mesure \/ Instrument<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;instrument se pr\u00e9sente sous la forme d&rsquo;un questionnaire standardis\u00e9, auto-administr\u00e9 ou compl\u00e9t\u00e9 avec l&rsquo;assistance d&rsquo;un \u00e9valuateur form\u00e9 pour les enfants plus jeunes :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Format du questionnaire :<\/strong> Auto-\u00e9valuation papier-crayon ou informatis\u00e9e.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Population cible :<\/strong> Enfants et adolescents de la 3e ann\u00e9e primaire \u00e0 la fin du secondaire (environ 8 \u00e0 18 ans). Une version pour parents (RCADS-P) permet un recueil multi-informateurs en miroir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nombre total d&rsquo;items :<\/strong> 47 items r\u00e9dig\u00e9s dans un langage simple, direct et accessible.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c9chelle de r\u00e9ponse :<\/strong> \u00c9chelle de Likert \u00e0 4 points :\n<ul>\n<li>0 = <em>Never<\/em> (Jamais)<\/li>\n<li>1 = <em>Sometimes<\/em> (Parfois)<\/li>\n<li>2 = <em>Often<\/em> (Souvent)<\/li>\n<li>3 = <em>Always<\/em> (Toujours)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cotation et calcul des scores :<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Aucun item invers\u00e9. Chaque item re\u00e7oit une note brute de 0 \u00e0 3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trouble Anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 de S\u00e9paration (SAD) :<\/strong> Somme des items 5, 9, 17, 18, 33, 45, 46 (Score brut : 0 \u00e0 21).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Phobie Sociale (SP) :<\/strong> Somme des items 4, 7, 8, 12, 20, 30, 32, 38, 43 (Score brut : 0 \u00e0 27).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trouble Anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 G\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e (GAD) :<\/strong> Somme des items 1, 13, 22, 27, 35, 37 (Score brut : 0 \u00e0 18).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trouble Panique (PD) :<\/strong> Somme des items 3, 14, 24, 26, 28, 34, 36, 39, 41 (Score brut : 0 \u00e0 27).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trouble Obsessionnel-Compulsif (OCD) :<\/strong> Somme des items 10, 16, 23, 31, 42, 44 (Score brut : 0 \u00e0 18).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trouble D\u00e9pressif Majeur (MDD) :<\/strong> Somme des items 2, 6, 11, 15, 19, 21, 25, 29, 40, 47 (Score brut : 0 \u00e0 30).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Score Anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 Totale :<\/strong> Somme des 5 sous-\u00e9chelles anxieuses (SAD + SP + GAD + PD + OCD ; 37 items ; Score brut : 0 \u00e0 111).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Score Total RCADS :<\/strong> Somme de l&rsquo;ensemble des 47 items (Score brut : 0 \u00e0 141).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Interpr\u00e9tation normative (Scores T) :<\/strong> Les scores bruts sont convertis en scores T standardis\u00e9s (moyenne = 50, \u00e9cart-type = 10) ajust\u00e9s pour le niveau scolaire et le sexe biologique via les grilles normatives ou les outils de calcul automatis\u00e9s de l&rsquo;UCLA :\n<ul>\n<li><em>Score T &lt; 65 :<\/em> Seuil subclinique \/ normatif.<\/li>\n<li><em>Score T de 65 \u00e0 69 :<\/em> Seuil limite (<em>Borderline clinical threshold<\/em>) sugg\u00e9rant une symptomatologie mod\u00e9r\u00e9e \u00e0 surveiller.<\/li>\n<li><em>Score T &ge; 70 (ou &ge; 75 selon les directives strictes) :<\/em> Seuil de significativit\u00e9 clinique \u00e9lev\u00e9e (<em>Clinically significant<\/em>), indiquant un profil tr\u00e8s similaire aux jeunes r\u00e9pondant aux crit\u00e8res diagnostiques formels du DSM.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>11. Permissions, Tarifs et Ann\u00e9e du test \/ Permissions &#038; Fee and Test Year<\/h2>\n<p>L&rsquo;ann\u00e9e de publication initiale de la RCADS est <strong>2000<\/strong> (\u00e9tude de validation men\u00e9e par Chorpita et ses coll\u00e8gues \u00e0 l&rsquo;Universit\u00e9 d&rsquo;Hawa\u00ef).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Disponibilit\u00e9 et Tarifs :<\/strong> L&rsquo;ensemble de la batterie d&rsquo;instruments RCADS (questionnaire enfant, questionnaire parent RCADS-P, version abr\u00e9g\u00e9e RCADS-25, feuilles de profil et logiciels de calcul automatis\u00e9 sur tableur) est mis \u00e0 disposition du public <strong>\u00e0 titre gratuit<\/strong> (<em>free of cost<\/em>) pour les usages \u00e9ducatifs et cliniques directs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Acc\u00e8s officiel :<\/strong> Les documents et feuilles de cotation peuvent \u00eatre t\u00e9l\u00e9charg\u00e9s l\u00e9galement via les ressources du <em>Child First Program<\/em> de l&rsquo;UCLA (<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.childfirst.ucla.edu\/resources\/\">UCLA Child First Resources<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Conditions d&rsquo;utilisation et recherche :<\/strong> Si l&rsquo;utilisation clinique individuelle et \u00e9ducative est libre de droits d&rsquo;acc\u00e8s, toute utilisation de l&rsquo;instrument dans le cadre d&rsquo;un protocole de recherche formel ou d&rsquo;une \u00e9tude subventionn\u00e9e n\u00e9cessite d&rsquo;obtenir l&rsquo;autorisation \u00e9crite pr\u00e9alable des auteurs (Bruce F. Chorpita et collaborateurs). Toute modification, int\u00e9gration logicielle commerciale ou republication de l&rsquo;instrument est strictement soumise \u00e0 copyright.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>12. R\u00e9f\u00e9rences \/ References<\/h2>\n<p>Ci-dessous figurent les r\u00e9f\u00e9rences scientifiques fondamentales r\u00e9gissant le d\u00e9veloppement, la validation et les applications psychom\u00e9triques de la RCADS :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Chorpita, B. F., Moffitt, C. E., &#038; Gray, J. (2005). Psychometric properties of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale in a clinical sample. <em>Behaviour Research and Therapy<\/em>, 43(3), 309\u2013322. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brat.2004.02.004\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brat.2004.02.004<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Chorpita, B. F., Yim, L., Moffitt, C., Umemoto, L. A., &#038; Francis, S. E. (2000). Assessment of symptoms of DSM-IV anxiety and depression in children: A revised child anxiety and depression scale. <em>Behaviour Research and Therapy<\/em>, 38(8), 835\u2013855. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0005-7967(99)00130-8\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0005-7967(99)00130-8<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Clark, L. A., &#038; Watson, D. (1991). Tripartite model of anxiety and depression: Psychometric evidence and taxonomic implications. <em>Journal of Abnormal Psychology<\/em>, 100(3), 316\u2013336. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0021-843X.100.3.316\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0021-843X.100.3.316<\/a><\/li>\n<li>de Ross, R. L., Gullone, E., &#038; Chorpita, B. F. (2002). The Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale: A psychometric investigation with Australian youth. <em>Behaviour Change<\/em>, 19(2), 90\u2013101. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1375\/bech.19.2.90\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1375\/bech.19.2.90<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Ebesutani, C., Reise, S. P., Chorpita, B. F., Ale, C., Regan, J., Young, J., Higa-McMillan, C., &#038; Weisz, J. R. (2012). The Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale-Short Version: Scale reduction via exploratory bifactor modeling of the broad anxiety factor. <em>Psychological Assessment<\/em>, 24(4), 833\u2013845. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0027283\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0027283<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Esbj\u00f8rn, B. H., S\u00f8mhovd, M. J., Turnstedt, C., &#038; Reinholdt-Dunne, M. L. (2012). Assessing the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) in a national sample of Danish youth aged 8\u201316 years. <em>PLoS ONE<\/em>, 7(5), e37339. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0037339\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0037339<\/a><\/li>\n<li>K\u00f6sters, M. P., Chinapaw, M. J., Zwaanswijk, M., van der Wal, M. F., &#038; Koot, H. M. (2015). Structure, reliability, and validity of the revised child anxiety and depression scale (RCADS) in a multi-ethnic urban sample of Dutch children. <em>BMC Psychiatry<\/em>, 15(1), 132. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-015-0506-6\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-015-0506-6<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Reynolds, C. R., &#038; Richmond, B. O. (1978). What I think and feel: A revised measure of children&rsquo;s manifest anxiety. <em>Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology<\/em>, 6(2), 271\u2013280. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00919131\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00919131<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Sand\u00edn, B., Valiente, R. M., &#038; Chorot, P. (2009). RCADS: evaluaci\u00f3n de los s\u00edntomas de los trastornos de ansiedad y depresi\u00f3n en ni\u00f1os y adolescentes. <em>Revista de Psicopatolog\u00eda y Psicolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica<\/em>, 14(3), 193\u2013206. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5944\/rppc.vol.14.num.3.2009.4077\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5944\/rppc.vol.14.num.3.2009.4077<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Spence, S. H. (1998). A measure of anxiety symptoms among children. <em>Behaviour Research and Therapy<\/em>, 36(5), 545\u2013566. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0005-7967(98)00034-5\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0005-7967(98)00034-5<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>13. Questions et items du questionnaire (Scale Items)<\/h2>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-items-container\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:12px; margin:28px 0; overflow:hidden; box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.03);\">\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-notice\" style=\"direction:ltr; text-align:left; background:#f8fafc; border-bottom:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:14px 20px; font-size:13.5px; color:#475569; font-weight:500;\">\n    Voici les items originaux de l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle tels que publi\u00e9s dans les \u00e9tudes psychom\u00e9triques de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, sans modification ni traduction, afin de pr\u00e9server la validit\u00e9 et la fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;instrument :\n  <\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-english-box\" style=\"direction:ltr; text-align:left; padding:20px 24px; font-family:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size:14.5px; color:#1e293b; line-height:1.7;\">\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-instructions\" style=\"background:#f1f5f9; border-left:4px solid #64748b; border-radius:0 8px 8px 0; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:16px; font-size:13.5px; color:#334155;\">\n      <strong style=\"color:#0f172a;\">Instructions \/ Directions:<\/strong> Please put a circle around the word that shows how often each of these things happens to you. There are no right or wrong answers.\n    <\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-response-format\" style=\"background:#eff6ff; border-left:4px solid #3b82f6; border-radius:0 8px 8px 0; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:14px; font-size:13.5px; color:#1e40af;\">\n      <strong style=\"color:#1e3a8a;\">Response Scale:<\/strong> 4-point Likert scale: 0 = Never, 1 = Sometimes, 2 = Often, 3 = Always\n    <\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-reverse-scoring\" style=\"background:#fffbeb; border-left:4px solid #f59e0b; border-radius:0 8px 8px 0; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:14px; font-size:13.5px; color:#92400e;\">\n      <strong style=\"color:#78350f;\">Scoring \/ Reverse Items:<\/strong> Items are scored 0 to 3. Subscales are computed by summing the corresponding item scores:<br \/>\n&#8211; Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD): items 5, 9, 17, 18, 33, 45, 46<br \/>\n&#8211; Social Phobia (SP): items 4, 7, 8, 12, 20, 30, 32, 38, 43<br \/>\n&#8211; Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): items 1, 13, 22, 27, 35, 37<br \/>\n&#8211; Panic Disorder (PD): items 3, 14, 24, 26, 28, 34, 36, 39, 41<br \/>\n&#8211; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): items 10, 16, 23, 31, 42, 44<br \/>\n&#8211; Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): items 2, 6, 11, 15, 19, 21, 25, 29, 40, 47<br \/>\nTotal Anxiety Scale = Sum of SAD, SP, GAD, PD, and OCD items (all except MDD).<br \/>\nTotal Internalizing \/ Total RCADS = Sum of all 47 items.\n    <\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I worry about things<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">2<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I feel sad or empty<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">3<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">When I have a problem, I get a funny feeling in my stomach<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I worry when I think I have done poorly at something<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">5<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I would feel afraid of being on my own at home<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">6<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">Nothing is much fun anymore<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">7<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I feel scared when I have to take a test<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">8<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I feel worried when I think someone is angry with me<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">9<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I worry about being away from my parents<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">10<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I get bothered by bad or silly thoughts or pictures in my mind<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">11<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I have trouble sleeping<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">12<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I worry that I will do badly at my school work<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">13<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I worry that something awful will happen to someone in my family<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">14<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I suddenly feel really scared for no reason at all<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">15<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I feel slow and sluggish<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">16<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I have to keep checking that I have done things right (like the switch is off, or the door is locked)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">17<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I feel scared if I have to sleep on my own<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">18<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I trouble sleeping with the lights off<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">19<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I feel like I don&#039;t want to move<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">20<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I worry what other people think of me<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">21<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I feel tired a lot<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">22<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I worry that bad things will happen to me<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">23<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I can&#039;t seem to get bad or silly thoughts out of my head<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">24<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">When I have a problem, my heart beats really fast<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">25<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I cannot think clearly<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">26<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I suddenly start to tremble or shake when there is no reason for this<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">27<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I worry that something bad will happen to me<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">28<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">When I have a problem, I feel shaky<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">29<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">All of a sudden I feel really mad or angry<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">30<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I worry that I will do something embarrassing<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">31<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I have to do some things over and over again (like washing my hands, cleaning or putting things in a certain order)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">32<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I get bothered by funny or scary dreams<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">33<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I worry that something bad will happen to my parents<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">34<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I feel like I&#039;m going crazy<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">35<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I worry that I will make a fool of myself in front of people<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">36<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I have trouble getting my breath<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">37<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I worry about what is going to happen<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">38<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I feel scared if I have to talk in front of my class<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">39<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">My heart suddenly starts to beat too fast for no reason<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">40<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I feel like I have no energy<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">41<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I suddenly feel like I cannot breathe when there is no reason for this<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">42<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I have to think special thoughts (like numbers or words) to stop bad things from happening<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">43<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I feel shy around people I don&#039;t know<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">44<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I have to do things just or they won&#039;t feel right<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">45<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I worry about being separated from my parents<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">46<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I feel scared about going to places where there will be people I don&#039;t know<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wpt-scale-item-row\" style=\"background:#ffffff; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:12px 16px; margin-bottom:10px; display:flex; align-items:flex-start; gap:12px; box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.02);\">\n  <span style=\"display:inline-flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center; min-width:28px; height:28px; background:#2563eb; color:#ffffff; font-weight:700; font-size:12.5px; border-radius:50%; flex-shrink:0; margin-top:1px;\">47<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"flex:1; color:#0f172a; font-size:14.5px; font-weight:500; line-height:1.6;\">I feel like nothing will ever work out right for me<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&rsquo;\u00c9chelle r\u00e9vis\u00e9e d&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 et de d\u00e9pression pour enfants (RCADS) est un instrument psychom\u00e9trique de 47 items \u00e9valuant les sympt\u00f4mes anxieux et d\u00e9pressifs selon le DSM-IV chez les jeunes de 8 \u00e0 18 ans.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[14509,31,14203],"tags":[14267,14200,1070,194,1257,16,14510,1647],"class_list":["post-11054","psych_scale","type-psych_scale","status-publish","hentry","category-anxiete-et-depression","category-evaluations-psychologiques","category-psychometrie-infanto-juvenile","tag-anxiete-infantile","tag-depression-adolescent","tag-dsm-iv","tag-evaluation-clinique","tag-phobie-sociale","tag-psychometrie","tag-rcads","tag-trouble-panique"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale\/11054","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/psych_scale"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11054"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/psych_scale\/11054\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11054"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11054"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/french.arabpsychology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11054"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}